初中系动词讲解.doc

系动词1、 考点、热点回顾系动词，亦称连系动词（Link Verb）。作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语（形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。分类: 状态系动词; 持续系动词; 表像系动词；感官系动词; 变化系动词; 终止系动词 （一）、状态系动词 be用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词 E.g. He is a teacher. He is ill. (表示主语的状态)连系动词 be 后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语： E.g. My dream is to be a scientist. All you have to do is to listen. My hobby is to play basketball.（二）、表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：E.g. He looks tired. He seems (to be) very sad. She appears 18. But in fact, she is already 28.（三）、持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand, continue. 例如： E.g. He always kept silent at meeting. This matter remains a mystery. It continued/ remained rainy for days. The snow lay thick on the ground There stands a house near the river.注意：(1)表示“仍然处于原来的状态”时，remain和stay可以互换，例如： Three of them remained/ stayed single. Shops should remain/ stay open till later in the evening. The door stayed/ remained closed. (2)表示“需要设法才能保持某种状态”时，可用keep和stay. 后常接的形容词有 calm, clean, awake, young, warm, fine等. 例如：She knew she must keep/ stay calm. Although they have many difficulties, they keep happy. Paul managed to keep/ stay awake by drinking lots of strong black coffee. （四）、感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look. 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. This flower smells very sweet. The music sounds nice.The fish tastes good/ delicious.（五）、变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 1. go和come 是一对相反的词. go+ adj.表示令人不愉快的事; come+ adj.表示好的事情,还可以接前缀un-的过去分词作表语，表示变化的情况。 go blind/ mad/ hungry/ bad come true/ right/ clear/ dear/ unstuck/ untied His dream to be a pilot has come true.My shoelaces have come undone.She went blind at the age of 8.2. run后接 short, dry, low, deep等形容词,主语为流动性的或能消耗掉的东西。Their money was running short.The well has run dry.但表语为wild时,主语是人; run wild(放荡不羁）Dont let the children run wild.3. grow常指逐渐的变化,表示身高、岁数的增长。My little brother has grown much taller in the past year. She grew thinner and thinner. 4.turn表示“变得”,指变为与原先不同的情况,通常指颜色和天气等变化。The weather suddenly turned much hotter. Her face turned blue with fear.5.get “变成,变得起来”,后可接形容词,分词,介词短语;接不定式时表示“由不变得”.The days are getting longer and longer in summer.He got excited about it.My watch gets out of order.6.fall接asleep, silent, quiet等静态形容词和表示疾病的形容词，但不能接形容词的比较级。While I was doing my homework, my little sister fell asleep.She fell ill from cold.The naughty boy fell silent suddenly. fall apart(散开) fall flat (没效果)7. become “变成;变为”(好坏均可),语气正式,且不能用于将来时态,强调结果.表人的身体状况,情绪,天气和社会变化时可与get互换使用.He became a lawyer.I became/ got interested in math.He became/ got angry with me.I hope you will become/ get well.注意：1. become, turn, go, get, fall后面能接名词作表语,其他则不能. turn和go后面的名词不带冠词。His dream has become/ got a reality.He has turned scientist.She has gone artist.He fell an victim to cancer.2. 表变化的系动词用于进行时态时，表示逐渐的变化。The days are getting/ becoming longer and longer.She is growing to be more and more like her mother.（六）、终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意，例如：The rumor proved (to be) false. The search proved (to be) difficult. His plan turned out (to be) a success. 2、 典型例题1. What is Mr Wang like? _. A. He is a teacher B. He is old and kind C. He looks like a balloon D. He likes English 2. What Mr White said sounds_. A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely 3. The poor boy _ blind at the age of three. A. turned B. goes C. became D. went 4. When he was a child he_ . A. grew patience B. was alive C. ran wild D. came true 5. His voice_ as if he has a cold. A. sounds B. listens C. hears D. seems 6. This shirt_ as if it is made of cotton. A. is B. looks C. feels D. seems 7. He looks _ he hadnt had a good meal for a month A. that B. as if C. when D. so far 8. It _that he was late for the train. A. looks B. turns C. gets D. seems 9. These apples taste_. A. to he good B. to be well C. well D. good 10. Do you like the shirt? Yes, it _ very soft. A. feels B. felt C. is feeling D. is felt 11. The moment Mr Zhang went to bed, he_ asleep A. kept B. got C. fell D. fall 12. When I went home yesterday, it was _ dark. A. going B. getting C. running D. coming 13. Their plan _ to be a perfect one. A. proved B. was proved C. is proving D. proving 14. The flowers in the garden _ sweet. A. sound B. taste C. become D. smell 15. She_ like her mother in character. A. looks B. seems C. is D. feels 16. It_ another fine day tomorrow. A. seems B. promises C. appears D. looks 17. He _ much younger than he really is. A. appears B. grows C. becomes D. turns 18. You_ very pale. Do you feel sick? A. looked B. look C. looking D. are looked 19. His wish to become a driver has _true. A. turned B. realized C. come D. grown 20. Her father _a writer. A. turned B. grew C. has turned D. has become 三、课后练习（一）选择填空 1. My brother _ a teacher. He _ his pupils very much. A. is, like B. is, likes C. are, likes D. are, like 2. A: How many days _ there in a week? B: There _ seven. A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is 3. I _ tired last night. A. became B. felt C. looked D. am 4. Her face _ pale（苍白）when she heard the bad news. A. got B. is C. turned D. was 5. You _ pale. Whats wrong with you? A. turn B. seem C. look D. become 6. The boy _ ill today. A. are B. is C. be D. am 7. Which _ bigger, the sun or the moon? A. are B. is C. be D. 8. Neither she nor I _ a doctor. A. am not B. am C. are D. is 9. I _ a worker next year. A. am B. will be C. be D. will 10. Her voice _ like my mothers. A. sounds B. sound C. looks D. look 11. It often rains and the crops _ fast. A. get B. turn C. grow D. become 12. A: How are you _ now? B: Much better, thank you. A. getting B. feeling C. making D. turning 13. The teachers smile made me _ better. A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt 14. My English teacher _. A. all look young B. looks young C. look young D. all looks young 15. I _ busy now, but I _ free next week. A. am, am B. am, will C. am, will be D. being, will be 16. I _ at this school for about two months. A. am B. will be C. have been D. was 17. My brother _ in the League for about five years. A. have been B. has been C. was D. is 18. Come to my office if you _ free tomorrow. A. are B. will be C. was D. is 19. If water _ heated, it will be _ into vapour （蒸气）. A. was, turned B. is, turned C. is. get D. was, got 20. If you dont take back what you just said, Mother _ angry. A. is B. will be C. get D. feels 21. Neither of us _ a doctor. A. am B. are C. is D. were 22. He _ a famous writer. A. turns B. become C. has become D. has turned 23. The girls face _ red. A. turned B. got C. feel D. look 24. He _ very glad. A. looked B. turned C. feel D. looks 25. The flowers _ fragrant （芳香）. A. get B. smells C. smell D. feels 26. The table _ very smooth. A. look B. turn C. feels D. smell 27. Jack _ younger than Tom. A. look B. feel C. feels D. looks 28. She looks _. A. happy B. to be happy C. happily D. that she is happy（二）用smell，taste，go，get，become，grow，seem，look，feel，turn的适当形式填空： 1. You _ _ very young. 2. At first those questions_ _easy, but later I found them difficult. 3. After the sports meeting, he _ _very tired. 4. My younger brother _ _a student last year. 5. When we_ _ up, were going to help build up our country. 6. The flowers _ _very sweet. 7. Her face _ _red. 8. Jack _ _very happy. 9. The mooncake _ _good. 10. The meat_ _bad.（三）把下列各句译成英语 1. 以她的年龄而言，她看起来很年轻。 2. 天色渐黑，咱们回家吧。 3. 他好象匆忙的样子。 4. 为什么他感到悲伤？ 5. 我祖母的头发变白了。 6. 约翰成了一名好学生。 7. 1995年我哥哥成了一名解放军战士。 8. 他来看我时，我在生病。 9. 整天工作后，汤姆感觉又饿又累。 10. 听到这个好消息时，她的脸色变红。 11. 他的答案似乎正确。 12. 别喝这牛奶，它已经变酸了。 13. 别出声，请保持安静。 14. 我们应该永远保持谦虚谨慎。 15. 那听起来是个好主意。 16. 我国正变得越来越强大。 17. 足球是我最喜欢的运动。 18. 像是个好天。 19. 我们必须准备好去那儿。 20. 这汤闻起来很香。