《英语的不同词性》PPT课件.ppt

Objectives Usetheirregularverbsbe have anddocorrectly Usethepresent past andfuturetensesofverbscorrectly Demonstratetheuseoftheperfecttenses progressivetenses andemphatictensesofverbsinsentences PP10 1a continued Objectives PP10 1b continued Differentiatebetweenactiveandpassivevoicesofverbs Identifythethreewaystoexpressverbmood Demonstratethefunctionsofverbals gerunds participles infinitives insentences IrregularVerbsBe Do Have PP10 2a Theirregularverbsofbe do andhaveappearasmainverbs linkingverbs orhelpingverbsandrequirememorization IrregularVerbsBe Do Have PP10 2b PresentTense PastTense PastParticiple PresentParticiple continued IrregularVerbs Be Do HaveSingularandPluralVerbFormsofBeforFirst SecondandThirdPerson PP10 3a Singular Plural Iameagertoloadthissoftware Youwerecorrectinbackingupourpayrolldata Theresaisprintingthechecksthisafternoon Wearepleasedwiththesoftwareupgrade BeExamples PP10 3b continued SingularandPluralVerbFormsofDoforFirst SecondandThirdPerson PP10 4 Singular Plural SingularandPluralVerbFormsofHaveforFirst SecondandThirdPerson PP10 5 Singular Plural Theverbtensehelpsidentifythetimeofanactionorstateofbeing Includesthefollowing VerbTense PP10 6a PresentPresentPerfectPastPastPerfectFutureFuturePerfectall6progressivetensesPresentandPastEmphatic Expressesageneraltruthoranactionthatisoccurringnow PresentTense PP10 6b Ginnyanswershere maileachhour Mylaserprinterneedsanewtonercartridge Expressesanactionthatoccursregularlyorhabitually ThemanagerrequeststimesheetsonFriday Somecompaniesoffersoftwarediscountstoemployees Addstoaverbinpresenttensewhenthesubjectisathird personsingularnounorathird personpronoun he she it PresentTense PP10 6c KaradrivesshedrivesJoemanageshemanagesBriancallshecallsRachelprintssheprints continued Addestotheverbifitendsino ch s sh x orz PresentTense PP10 6d theboatgoesitgoesMs LaPortereachesshereachestheteacherdismissesheorshedismissesWebmasterwishesheorshewishesthemanagerfixesheorshefixesthemachinebuzzesitbuzzes continued Donotaddsorestoaverbinpresenttensewhenthesubjectisapluralnounoracompoundsubject PresentTense PP10 6e weknowteachersdismisstheyplanWebmasterswishboatsgomanagersfixMarkandLynnmiss continued ExpressesanactionorconditionthatwasstartedandcompletedinthepastRequiresdoredtoformthepasttenseofregularverbs Usethedictionaryforthepasttensesofirregularverbs PastTense PP10 7a Donotuseahelpingverbwithamainverbtoformthepasttense PastTense PP10 7b continued IndicatesanactionoraconditionthatwilloccurinthefutureRequiresthehelpingverbswillorshallbeforethepresentpartoftheverb FutureTense PP10 8 ShewilldesignournewWebpage Wewillsendthesoftwarethisafternoon Theperfecttensesusethehelpingverbshas have orhad Thethreeperfecttensesare PerfectTenses PP10 9 PresentperfectPastperfectFutureperfect ShowsthatanactionorconditionthatstartedinthepasthasjustbeencompletedorcontinuestotakeplaceintothepresentRequirestheuseofhasorhavewiththepastparticipleoftheverbtoformthepresentperfecttense PresentPerfectTense PP10 10 Ourcompanyhasrequestedtemporaryprogrammersseveraltimes Wehavefoundthenewsoftwareeasytouse ShowsthatoneactionorconditionbeganandwascompletedbeforeanotheractioninthepaststartedRequirestheuseofthehelpingverbhadwiththepastparticipletoformthepastperfecttense PastPerfectTense PP10 11 Hehadsolvedthenetworkproblembeforewearrivedforwork Bythetimeweevaluatedthesoftware themanufacturerhadreleasedanewversion IndicatesanactionorconditionthatwillbeginandendbeforeaspecificfuturetimeRequiresthehelpingverbsshallhaveorwillhavebeforethepastparticipleofaverbtoformthefutureperfecttense FuturePerfectTense PP10 12 IwillhaveupdatedthesoftwarebeforenextFriday Bynextsummer thissoftwareversionwillhavebeenupdated FollowsthepatternsofthesimpleandperfecttensesShowscontinuingactionsorconditionsConsistsofthepresentparticiple mainverbendingining andappropriatetensesoftobe am is are was were be been ProgressiveTense PP10 13 Usethepresentparticipleplusthehelpingverbsam is oraretoformthepresentprogressivetense PresentProgressiveTense PP10 14 Sheisrequestinganewcomputer Iamforwardingyoure mailtoCarol Themanagersareupdatingoursoftwareinstructionmanual InvolvesanactionorconditionthatwasinprogressatatimeinthepastRequiresthepresentparticipleplusthehelpingverbswasorweretoformthepastprogressivetense PastProgressiveTense PP10 15 Shewasinstallingthesoftware Theywereplanningtoattendthesoftwaredemonstration InvolvesanactionorconditionthatwillcontinueinthefutureRequiresthepresentparticipleplusthehelpingverbwillbeorshallbetoformthefutureprogressivetense FutureProgressiveTense PP10 16 Wewillbesendingarebatecoupon Weshallberequestingnewsoftware DescribesacontinuousactionuptothepresenttimeRequiresthepresentparticipleplusthehelpingverbshavebeenorhasbeentoformthepresentperfectprogressivetense PresentPerfectProgressive PP10 17 Wehavebeendocumentingourhardwareproblemssincelastmonth Hehasbeenoure mailadministratorfortenyears DescribesanactionthatwasbeingcompletedataspecifictimeinthepastRequiresthepresentparticipleplusthehelpingverbshadbeentoformthepastperfectprogressivetense PastPerfectProgressive PP10 18 Wehadbeenreviewingthesoftware Shehadbeenrepresentingourdepartmentatsoftwareevaluationmeetings DescribesanactionthatwillcontinuetobeinprogressataspecifiedtimeinthefutureRequiresthepresentparticipleplusthehelpingverbswillhavebeentoformthefutureperfectprogressivetense FuturePerfectProgressive PP10 19 Bytheendofnextweek wewillhavebeenreviewingthesoftwarefortwomonths By5p m theywillhavebeenansweringthehelpdeskquestionsforseveralhours AddsemphasistotheverbinthepresentorpasttenseRequirestheverbsdoordoeswiththepresentpartofaverbtoformthepresentemphatictense EmphaticTense PP10 20a Idoneedextratimetoanswermye mailmessagesonMondaymornings Hedoesdemandaccountabilityfromhisemployees Requirestheverbdidwiththepresentpartofaverbtoformthepastemphatictense EmphaticTense PP10 20b Mysupervisordiddemonstrateseveralnewsoftwareprograms continued MeansthatthesubjectofasentenceperformstheactionUsedformostbusinesswriting ActiveVoice PP10 21 Shedemonstratedseveralnewaccountingsoftwarepackages Graphicsapplicationsrequireconsiderablecomputermemory Largebusinessesfrequentlyusecustomizedsoftwareprograms MeansthatthesubjectreceivestheactionDrawsattentiontoanactratherthantothepersonorthingperformingtheactConsistsofapastparticipleoftheverbandoneormoreformsofthehelpingverbbe PassiveVoice PP10 22 SeveralnewaccountingsoftwarepackagesweredemonstratedbyLinda Considerablecomputermemoryisrequiredforgraphicsapplications Usetheindicativemoodtostatefactsoraskdirectquestions IndicativeMood PP10 23 Wedesignedthesoftwaretobeeasytouse Areyouchangingyourpasswordfrequently ImperativeMood PP10 24 Usetheimperativemoodtogiveinstructionsandcommandsortomakecourteousrequests Notethatthesubjectofaverbintheimperativemoodisyou whichisusuallyomitted Callthecustomerservicedepartment Pleasecallthecustomerservicedepartment Willyoupleasecallthecustomerservicedepartment SubjunctiveMood PP10 25a Usethesubjunctiveverbtoexpressaconditioncontrarytofactorsubjecttoanelementofdoubt Usetheverbwereforwas IfIwereyou Iwouldchangethefontsizeoftheheading IfIwerethemanager Iwouldorderascanner SubjunctiveMood PP10 25b Useasubjunctiveverbinsentencesthatbeginwithanexpressionofawish IwishIweremoreproficientinusingthisgraphicsprogram IwishIwereabletosolvethatsoftwareproblemforyou continued SubjunctiveMood PP10 25c Usethesubjunctiveforminaclausebeginningwiththatwhichstatesamotionorformalproposal Shemovedandsecondedthatthemeetingbeadjourned continued Gerund PP10 26 Agerundisaverbformendingin ingthatfunctionsasanoun Usingspreadsheetsoftwaresimplifiesfinancialcalculations Anthonyenjoyedteachingsoftwareprograms Weappreciatedyoursendingthenewsoftwaredocumentation ThemanagerwasunawareofKim sdesigningoftheWebpage Participle PP10 27 Aparticipleisaverbalthatfunctionsasanadjectivetomodifyanounorpronoun Aparticiplerequiresacommatosetoffanintroductoryparticipleorparticipialphrase Apresentparticipleendsining Usinganewkeyboard Iimprovedmydataentryspeed Apastparticipleendsinedforregularverbs Determinedtolearnthesoftware sheaskedLynnforhelp Infinitive PP10 28a Consistsofthepresentpartofaverbplusthewordto Cannotstandaloneastheverbinasentence Requiresuseofacommaforsettingoffintroductoryinfinitivephrasesthatarenotsubjects Functionsasanoun adjective oranadverb InfinitiveExamples PP10 28b Tolearnanewsoftwarepackagerequirespatience Tofeelconfidentusingpresentationsoftware practiceandtimetheslideshow IwantedtodesignaWebsite Ifyouareavailableat3p m IwillshowyouanInternetdatabasetosearch continued Endof