2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修3《Module 6 Old and New》word单元学案.doc

2019-2020年外研版高中英语必修3《Module 6 Old and New》word单元学案 类别 课程标准要求掌握的项目 重点单词 bulletin n.公告，报告 civil adj.公民的，国内的 engineering n.工程，工程学 hydro-electric adj.水力发电的 reservoir n.水库，蓄水池 structure n. 结构，建筑物 terminal a.终端的 date n.日期，约会；vi.始于 acmodate vt.使适应，容纳 construction n.建设，建造 site n.场所，遗址 generate vt.产生 harness vt利用，将（自然力）变成动力 historical adj.历史的，有关历史的 narrow adj.狭窄的 poem n.诗 submerge vt.浸入水中，淹没 global adj.全球的 remove vt.迁移，搬迁 freezing adj.冰冻的，极冷的 ridiculous adj.荒谬的，可笑的 enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的 foggy adj.多雾的 crash n./v.碰撞，坠毁 重点短语 provide …for…向……提供 date from追溯到…… of all time有史以来 work out计算出，锻炼身体，解决 dream of梦想到 hear from收到（某人的来信） now that既然 hold back阻止，抑制，隐瞒 e true （梦想等）实现 be equal to相当于，胜任，等于 more than 多于，不仅仅 historical sites/relics历史遗址（遗产） take away拿走，取走 make sense讲得通，有意义 essential information基本信息，必要信息 be used for ……被用来…… a large amount of 大量的…… the last time最后……的时候 be full of 充满 not…at all 没什么，一点儿也不 cross out删除，取消 prefer to do sth.偏爱做某事； receive an email from从……收到电子邮件 make a note of做……关于……的记录 go up 上升，上涨 be on a visit 在访问中 bring an end to 使……结束 all the way 一路上 be pleased with对……感到高兴 be surprised to do sth.做……感到吃惊 on a clear/foggy day在晴朗/多雾的日子 功能交际 It took six years to build and cost US $20 billion. Is it possible to see the relics now that they have been submerged? The dam is nearly 200 meters high and 1.5 kilometers wide. The dam will generate electricity equal to about 40 million tons of coal without causing so much air pollution. Were you pleased with your visit to the Three Gorges Dam? 语法 Non-defining attributive clause Contraction of attributive clauses The Yangtze River, which is more than 6000 kilometers long, is the third longest river in the world. More than a million people who lived in the region have moved from their home. 【例1】Many Chinese universities __________ scholarships for students in need of financial aid. A. afford B. provide C. supply D. offered 解析：考查动词词义与习惯搭配的辨析：afford to do sth.承担的起……；provide sth. for sb.向某人提供某物；supply sb. with sth. 向某人提供某物；offer to do sth.主动提出做某事；句意：许多中国的大学，向那些急需经济援助的学生，提供奖学金。依据语境中的介词for判断，则选项B符合题意。 答案：B 名师点金：provide/supply/offer/afford的用法 ⑴provide指有远见，为应付意外、紧急情况等作好充分准备而“供给、提供”； ①provide sb. with sth. ②provide sth.for sb. He persuaded other people to provide money or to give help. 他说服别人提供钱或给予帮助。 The school provided food for the students. 学校为学生提供伙食。 They provided us with all the books we need. 他们为我们提供所需要的所有书籍。 ⑵supply通常指定期“供应”，强调替代或补充所需物品； ①supply sb. with sth. ②supply sth. to sb. The cars will be supplied to people all over the country. 这些汽车将供应给全国各地的人们。 Cows supply us with milk. 母牛供给我们牛奶。 In Britain milk is supplied to each house in bottles. 在英国牛奶是装在瓶子里送往每家每户的。 ⑶offer侧重表示“主动、愿意提供（给予）”； ①offer sb. sth. ②offer to do sth. She offered me a cup of tea. 她给我端了杯茶。 He offered to go instead of me. 他主动提出代替我去。 ⑷afford作动词，意为“买得起，担负得起”，通常与can,could,beableto连用； Theycouldn’tafford$50foraticket.他们拿不出50美元买一张票。 We can’t afford that expensive sports car.我们买不起那辆昂贵的跑车。 原文对照：Do you know the name of the reservoir that provides water for your town? 考点搜索2：cost的用法 【例2】The _______ of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than that in any other area of the city. A. cost B. fare C. fee D. tuition 解析：考查名词词义辨析：cost成本，代价；差旅费（尤指乘飞机、火车、公交车等旅行的费用）；fee（付给专业人员的）工作酬金、服务费、小费等；tuition学费，培训费。句意：在西安的市中心，房租要比这个城市内其他地段的房租贵得多。依据句意理解，则只有cost（成本，费用）符合题意。 答案：A 名师点金：cost的用法 ⑴cost ①作动词，意为“花费（主语一般为事物）”；作名词，意为“成本，代价”； ②sth. costs (sb.) money 某物花费某人多少钱； ③it costs (sb.) money to do sth. 做某事花某人多少钱（it作形式主语）； ④cost不用于被动语态； ⑤at the cost of 以……为代价； ⑥at all costs 不惜任何代价； How much did the book cost you? 这本书花了你多少钱？ It cost me $399 to buy a puter. 花了我399美元买了一台电脑。 A new road is needed, but the costs to the environment would be too high. 建一条新路是有必要的，可对环境的破坏太大。 We’re organizing a trip to London, at a cost of ￡15 per person. 我们要组织去伦敦旅行，每个人的费用是15英镑。 ⑵spend ①作动词，意为“花费，度过（主语为人）”； ②sb. spends time/money on sth. 某人在……花费时间（金钱）； ③sb. spends time /money in doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事（in可以省略）； ⑶take ①作动词，意为“花费”（主语可以为人或物，常见于it作形式主语；常用于花费时间，而不是金钱）； ②It takes sb. time to do sth. 花费某人时间来做某事； ③sb. takes time to do sth.某人花费时间来做某事； ④sth. takes (sb.) time…某事花费某人……时间；⑤take-took-taken； ⑷pay作动词，意为“支付，付款”；作形容词，意为“工资，薪金”； ①pay for sth.为……付费 ②pay sb. for sth.因…给某人支付费用 ③pay money for sth.为……支付费用； ④pay sb. to do sth.付费给某人来做某事 ⑤pay off付清，还清（债务） ⑥pay back 偿还（债务） ⑦pay out money for sth.为……支付大笔款项 ⑧pay in cash用现金支付； 【比较：pay by check用支票付款；pay by credit card用信用卡付款；】 原文对照：It took six years to build and cost US$20 billion. 考点搜索3：work out的用法 【例3】I know you’re not happy with things right now, but I’m sure everything will ______ itself _______. A. pick ; out B. put ; out C. make ; out D. work ; out 解析：考查动词短语辨析：pick out辨认出，挑选；put out出版，熄灭；make out看出，辨认出，听出；work out（问题）解决，计算出，锻炼；句意：我知道你现在诸事都不如意，但我相信一切问题都会自行解决。依据句意理解，则选项D符合题意。 答案：D 名师点金：work out的用法 ⑴计算出（答案、数量、价格等） Use the chart to work out how much tax you have to pay. 用这张表算出你要交多少税。 ⑵（费用、价格、成本）总计为 Taking the train works out more expensive than going by car. 算起来坐火车去比开汽车去的花费更大。 ⑶解决（问题） We can’t work out how to get the Internet connection going. 我们不知道怎样连通因特网。 ⑷（尤指定期的）锻炼，健身 He works out with weights twice a week. 他每星期举重健身两次。 ⑸精心制定（计划、方案等） I haven’t worked out who’s going to look after the kids tonight. 我还没有计划好今晚让谁去照顾孩子们。 ⑹理解，弄明白 I can’t tell you the answer-work it out for yourself. 我不能告诉你答案—你自己去弄清楚。 ⑺结果是，证明是 Things worked out pretty well in the end. 结果事情很顺利。 ⑻与out相关的短语 ①set out 出发，动身；着手做某事 ②pick out 挑选，分辨出 ③act out 把…表演出来，把……付诸行动 ④turn out 结果是……，证明是…… ⑤go out 出去，熄灭 ⑥put out 出版，扑灭 ⑦look/watch out 小心，提防 ⑧find out弄明白，查明，找出 ⑨leave out 省去，遗漏，不考虑 ⑩run out 耗尽，用光 ⑪stand out 突出，显眼， 远远超过某人(物) ⑫break out爆发，发生 ⑬point out指出，指明 ⑭give out 发布，公布；发出（光、热等）；用完，耗尽，筋疲力尽 原文对照：Try to work out what kind of word it is noun, adjective, verb, etc. 考点搜索4：include的用法 【例4】My morning routine ________ jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast. A. includes B. hold C. contain D. acmodates 解析：考查动词词义辨析：include包括，包含；hold容纳；contain含有，装有；acmodate容纳，提供住宿，为……提供空间。依据句意理解，则选项A符合题意。 答案：A 名师点金：include/contain的用法 ⑴include作动词，意为“包括，包含”；（侧重包含的范围） ①including sb./sth. 包括……在内（表主动，在句中作状语） ②sb./sth. included ……被包括在内（表被动，在句中作状语） The band played many songs, including some of my favorites. = The band played many songs, some of my favorites included. 乐队演奏了许多歌曲，包括几首我最喜爱的。 ⑵contain作动词，意为“含有，装有，容纳”；（侧重包含的内容） Sea water contains salt. 海水含有盐分。 ⑶hold作动词，意为“容纳”；（侧重容纳的能力） The hall can contain/hold five hundred students. 这个大厅能容纳500名学生。 原文对照：The Three Gorges area is one of the most beautiful areas of China and the project has flooded some of China’s most famous historical sites, including the Qu Yuan Temple, the Han Watchtower and the Maya Cliff carvings. 点金测评创新训练 【基础巩固 全面训练】 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1. Slavery was abolished in America after the C_________ War in the 19th century. 2. The t_________(期终) examinations will be held in early May. 3. The o_________ painting is in a museum in Vienna. 4. The hotel can a_________ 600 guests. 5. 75% of France’s electricity is g_________ by nuclear reactors 6. Mr. Thompson gave all the_________ (历史) papers of his grandfather to the public library according to his grandfather’s will. 7. This _________（狭窄）highway should be broadened. 8. Some scientists are working hard at how tide can be _________（利用）to produce electricity. 9. The little boy who was running slipped down, because the floor was too _________（光滑）. 10. Three children were _________ （开除）from the school for their bad behavior. Ⅱ.短语翻译 11. provide …for… _______________________ 12. date from _______________________ 13. of all time _______________________ 14. work out _______________________ 15. dream of _______________________ 16. now that _______________________ 17. hold back _______________________ 18. e true _______________________ 19. be equal to _______________________ 20. more than 多于，不仅仅 21. _______________________ 讲得通，有意义 22. _______________________ 最后……的时候 23. _______________________ 充满 24. _______________________ 没什么，一点儿也不 25. _______________________ 删除，取消 26. _______________________ 偏爱做某事； 27. _______________________ 上升，上涨 28. _______________________ 在访问中 29. _______________________ 使……结束 30. _______________________ 一路上 Ⅲ.单项选择 31. The schools in the flooded areas were__________ with free books by the government. A. given B. offered C. provided D. supplying 32. According to __________ records, this small town used to be a __________ one in military. A. historic; historical B. historic; historic C. historical; historic D. historical; historical 33. Every year, a great many visitors e to visit the temple __________ the 12th century, __________has brought a large ine. A. dating from; which B. dated from; which C. which dates from; that D. which dated from; which 34.-Is that hall big enough? We have at least 200 guests. -Sure. That’s a hall which can__________400 people. A. consist B. include C. involve D. acmodate 35. This area is rich in coal so habitants use tons of coal to__________ electricity. A. offer B. create C. bring D. generate 36. It is said that he has been __________ from the post of secretary of the manger. A. removed B. reduced C. moved D. changed 37.-Have you found out why she is so upset these days? -Not yet. She__________ and doesn’t want to tell me. A. holds it up B. holds it on C. holds it back D. holds it in 38. The big building __________construction will be a shopping mall in the city. A. in B. under C. over D. during 39. I bought an English dictionary and it__________ me 50 Yuan. A. took B. spent C. cost D. paid 40.-Haven’t you carried out the new plan? -No. He suggested the plan__________ further. A. was discussed B. to be discussed C. discussing D. be discussed Ⅳ.选词填空 suggest date back to e true hold back equal submerge 41.He came to my class every week，but his attitude ___________he was not really interested in the subject. 42.The custom ___________ the 8th century when people knew little about the earth where they lived. 43.To her delight, her wish ___________ at last. 44. She is ___________to the job. 45. He ___________ himself in work to try and forget those sufferings. 【综合应用 提高训练】 Ⅰ.根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 传说这项习俗始于宋朝。 It is said that the custom ___________ ___________ the Song Dynasty. 2. 三峡大坝是有史以来最大的工程之一。 The Three Gorges Dam is one of the biggest___________ projects ___________ ___________ ___________. 3. 许多宝贵的历史遗迹被突如其来的洪水淹没了。 Quite a few precious___________ relics were ___________by the sudden floods. 4.是你啊，汤姆。我做梦都没想到会在这里遇见你。 It’s you, Tom! I never ___________ ___________you here. 5. 这个大厅可以容纳五百多人，但是走廊有点窄。 This hall can ___________500 guests, but the corridors are a little bit ___________. Ⅱ.单句改错 6.This book can provide you all the information you need. 7.The 1989 earthquake in San Francisco was America’s the second strongest earthquake. 8.It is suggested that some changes must be made about the plan for the meeting. 9.He cost 1 500 yuan on the piece of furniture. 10.It is fifteen minutes ride from my home to the post office. 11.You will find the dictionary great value to you in your study. 12.The Three Gorges Dam has cost more than any construction project in history. 13.The first textbooks being written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century. 14.The pot contains 54 951 coins dated from the years 260~275AD. 15. There are two buildings, a larger of which stands nearly one hundred feet high. Ⅲ.完形填空 In traditional education, the teacher may feel that the students are not very grown up. 16 , teachers are older than students. 17 teachers feel that students are 18 and do not know much about the 19 . The teachers feel that they 20 tell the students what to do most of the time, and that they must also 21 the students study specific things. In 22 education, the teachers’ 23 are very different. These teachers feel that the students are 24 first, and students second. They 25 the students to be 26 for the things that they do, just as adults 27 . A student’s ideas and feelings are just as important as the 28 . The teacher 29 the students to decide 30 they want to do, and does not make them study what they do not want 31 . The teacher lets them 32 what to study and how 33 to study. It’s very important for the 34 to show how he or she feels 35 the students. 16.A.Usually B.Indeed C.Besides D.Actually 17.A.and B.however C.still D.yet 18.A.old B.young C.stupid D.clever 19.A.universe B.culture C.world D.knowledge 20.A.can B.must C.may D.will 21.A.force B.ask C.order D.make 22.A.open B.traditional C.strict D.high 23.A.feelings B.interests C.methods D.experiences 24.A.children B.teachers C.adults D.human beings 25.A.refuse B.agree C.hope D.wish 26.A.anxious B.ready C.responsible D.sorry 27.A.are B.do C.will D.would 28.A.teacher B.teachers C.teachers’ D.teacher’s 29.A.allows B.suggests C.refuses D.forbids 30.A.what B.that C.how D.which 31.A.for B.to C.about D.of 32.A.write B.say C.decide D.hope 33.A.much B.well C.hard D.simple 34.A.headmaster B.teacher C.parents D.students 35.A.like B.about C.on D.for Ⅳ.阅读理解 A The U.S. Department of Labor statistics show that there is an oversupply of college trained workers and that this oversupply is increasing. Already there have been more than enough teachers, engineers, physicists, aerospace experts, and other specialists. Yet colleges and graduate schools continue every year to turn out highly trained people to pete for jobs that aren’t there. The result is that graduates cannot enter the professions for which they were trained and must take temporary jobs which do not require a college degree. On the other hand, there is a great need for skilled workers of all sorts: carpenters, electricians, mechanics, plumbers, TV repairmen. These people have more work than they can deal with, and their annual ines are often higher than those of college graduates. The old gap that white —collar workers make a better living than blue collar workers no longer holds true. The law of supply and demand now favors the skilled workmen. The reason for this situation is the traditional myth that college degree is a passport to a prosperous future. A large part of American society matches success in life equally with a college degree. Parents begin indoctrinating their children with this myth before they are out of grade school. High school teachers play their part by acting as if high school education were a preparation for college rather than for life. Under this pressure the kids fall in line. Whether they want to go to college or not doesn’t matter. Everybody should go to college, so of course they must go. And every year college enrollments go up and up, and more and more graduates are overeducated for the kinds of jobs available to them. One result of this emphasis on a college education is that many people go to college who do not belong there. Of the sixty percent of high school graduates who enter college, half of them do not graduate with their class. Many of them drop out within the first year. Some struggle on for two or three years and then give up. 36. It’s implied but not stated in the passage that _______. A. many other countries are facing the same problem B. white-collar workers in the US used to make more money than blue-collar workers C. fewer students will prefer to go to college in the future D. the law of supply and demand has a strong effect on American higher education 37. Which of the following is NOT a reason why college enrollments go up every year？ A. Many people believe that the only way to success is a college education. B. Many parents want their children to go to college. C. High school teachers urge their students to go to college. D. Every young man and woman wants to go to college. 38. By saying that “many people go to college who do not belong there”, the author means that _______. A. many people who are not fit for college education go to college B. many people who do not have enough money go to college C. many people who go to college drop out within the first year D. many people who go to college have their hopes destroyed 39. We can infer from the passage that the author believes that _______. A. every young man and woman should go to college B. college education is a bad thing C. people with a college education should receive higher pay D. fewer people should go to college while more should be trained for skilled jobs B There aren’t many nursery rhymes(儿歌) about astronomy. But “twinkle twinkle little star” makes a useful point. We can tell which lights in the night sky are stars because they appear to twinkle. Planets, ____________, don’t, they shine steadily in the sky. Stars twinkle because they are very far away, and so appear as tiny points of light in our night sky. Some of this light is absorbed by moving air in the Earth’s atmosphere, making the star appear to sparkle. Planets, like Saturn or Jupiter, don’t sparkle. This is because they are a lot closer to the Earth and so they look bigger in our sky than stars. Rather than being points of light, planets are small discs. As their light is more spread out, even if some of it is absorbed by our atmosphere, some of the light still filters（透过）through, so the planet doesn’t twinkle. This means that you can tell the difference between a planet and a star without even needing a telescope, just by seeing if it twinkles! Weighing a star As for “wondering what they are”, starlight also contains an extraordinary amount of information that can answer that very question. Weighing a star isn’t as difficult as it sounds as you don’t need a huge set of cosmic scales（天平）, just one equation. The more massive a star is, the more energy it gives off. So first of all, astronomers measure the star’s “luminosity”（发光度）, the rate at which it gives out energy. Then they can work out its mass. 40. What’s the first part mainly about? (Please answer within 10 words.) ______________________________________________________________________________. 41. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one? You can weigh a star easily just using an equation. ______________________________________________________________________________. 42. Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to plete the sentence. (Please answer within 5 words.) ______________________________________________________________________________. 43. Why doesn’t the planet twinkle? (Please answer within 30 words.) ______________________________________________________________________________. 44. Please translate the underlined sentences in the second paragraph into Chinese. ______________________________________________________________________________. Section Ⅱ Grammar & Writing 考点搜索1：sense的用法 【例1】Dogs have a very good __________ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake. A. sense B. view C. means D. idea 解析：考查名词词义辨析：sense感官，感觉；view观点，看法；means方法；idea主意，想法。句意：狗有很好的嗅觉，常常用于搜寻地震中的幸存者。 依据句意理解，则选项A符合题意。 答案：A 【例2】-Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program? (xx安徽) -____________, does it? A. It takes no time B. It counts for nothing C. It doesn’t hurt to ask D. I