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Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note一、阅读理解Vinegar makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and you can even use it to clean your windows. And now, according to scientists, it may even the planets population survive climate change.Researchers from the RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS) in Japan found that growing plants in vinegar makes them more resistant to droughts. This could mean that in the future, worries about climate change affecting the worlds supply of food will be much lower. The discovery was made after the researchers studied the Arabidopsis, a plant known for its ability to survive in dry weather. It was found that when the plant was placed in drought-like conditions, it produced a chemical called acetate（醋酸盐）the main ponent of vinegar.After discovering this, the scientists experimented further by adding acetate to the soil of other plants, before they stopped giving them water pletely. After leaving the plants for 14 days, they found that the ones treated with acetate had survived, while the untreated plants had dried up and died.Its hoped that this simple method of survival could soon be used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops alive. In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the worldrice, wheat and maizeand the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed（油菜籽）, Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science magazine.Kim also told the magazine hes already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing panies to amateur gardeners. Although at this point keeping thirsty plants alive isnt as easy as just pouring vinegar over them, Kim said he and his team are working on making the process as simple as possible. Now we are trying to cooperate with some farmers, and also some panies, to make a method to apply this system, he said. And for those of us who always forget to ask our neighbors to water our plants when we go away, hopefully this means the end of returning home from a trip to find our favorite flowers have died.1.What is the article mainly about? A. The worlds food supply will be increased. B. Plants better survive droughts.C. The Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts. D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts.2.It was discovered that acetate can .A. be used by farmers to replace soil B. only be produced by the ArabidopsisC. help plants survive dry conditions D. be used to improve poor soil3.What are the target plants of the experiment?A. all breeding species. B. wheat and Arabidopisis.C. rice and maize. D. rapeseed and Arabidopisis.4.Jong Myong Kims experiment of trying out the method .A. can make peoples trips pleasantB. turned out a worldwide successC. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plantsD. appeals to many flower growing panies【文章大意】 本文属于科普类文章。醋不仅使食物味道更好，还可以用它来清洁你的窗户。研究发现醋中生长的植物，使它们更耐干旱。1.D 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述了醋能让植物在干旱的环境中生存，即能抗击干旱，故选D。3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the experiment, we targeted the staple foods of the worldrice, wheat and maizeand the basic plant of breeding species, rapeseed,”可知在实验中，主要针对大米，小麦和玉米等。故选C。4.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的第一句“Kimhes already been in touch with people all over the world who are interested in trying this simple and cost-effective method out for themselves from flower growing panies to amateur gardeners”分析本句可知Kim已与对此感兴趣的花卉种植公司联系，也就是吸引这些公司。故选D。二、完形填空Yesterday I was walking along a busy road when I noticed a young man standing near the pedestrian crossing, selling toys.Usually I would _1_ and hurry past such sellers before being approached to buy something. But I found this young man was _2_， so I stood for some time without crossing the street. I wanted to see _3_ he sold his toys. _4_， a young mother with a small child came by and the child was _5_ by one of the toys in a large box that made a noise. The young mother asked for the _6_ and it was charged at only one dollar. She _7_ a 10dollar note from her purse and told the young man that she was giving him 10 dollars and wanted the _8_ back. I was wondering how he was going to give it back. He told the young mother to put the money in the bag _9_ his neck and take out _10_ change he owed her. She then put her hand into the bag and took out the balance while I was _11_ her like a hawk(鹰)I realized that this young man depended on _12_ people not to cheat him. There was no _13_ of him knowing if someone took out more than they should have done. I was so _14_ by how this disabled man believed in people that I bought a toy from him I didnt _15_ at all. He said it cost one dollar and I, too, told him that I had only a 10dollar note. He told me to do the _16_ thing. So I put my 10 dollars in his _17_. I put my hand in, but didnt take any change. I hope he will find that he has more _18_ than he should when he gets home. As I walked down the street, I saw another kid walking with his father, _19_ I gave him the little toy. Then, I walked on, hoping that two people would have a _20_ smile on their faces that day.【文章大意】本文通过讲述作者一次在路边买玩具的经历，启迪读者：信赖无价。【难句分析】Yesterday I was walking along a busy road when I noticed a young man standing near the pedestrian crossing, selling toys.分析：本句是一个复合句。句中when引导时间状语从句；standing near the pedestrain crossing是现在分词短语作宾语补足语；selling toys是现在分词短语作伴随状语。译文：昨天，我正沿着一条繁华的街道走时突然注意到一名年轻男子站在人行道交叉口附近卖玩具。1A.ignore Blook Cpause Dhelp答案与解析：A根据下文的“hurry past such sellers”可知，作者在这种情况下通常是不理会、匆忙走过去的。2A.patient Bhonest Cblind Dstrange答案与解析：C根据下文的“this disabled man”可知，这个卖玩具的年轻人是个残疾人，结合选项可知选C。3A.why Bwhether Cwhen Dhow答案与解析：D根据下文的“I was wondering how he was going to give it back.”可知，作者当时想一探究竟，看这个盲人是如何卖东西的。4A.Quickly BShortly CFinally DQuietly答案与解析：B根据语境可知，不一会儿就有人来光顾这名男子的摊位了。5A.attracted Bannoyed Ccaught Ddriven答案与解析：A由下文这位母亲买玩具可知，小孩子被玩具吸引了。6A.bargain Breason Cdiscount Dprice答案与解析：D结合下文的“and it was charged at only one dollar”可知，这位年轻的母亲是在询问玩具的价格。7A.searched for Bpulled outCpicked up Demptied out答案与解析：B根据下文的“a 10dollar note from her purse”可推知，年轻的母亲从钱包里掏出10美元。pull out“掏出”。8A.note Btoy Cchange Ddeal答案与解析：C根据语境及“wanted the 8 back”的提示可推知，此处表示要找回的零钱。change“零钱”。9A.tied to Bdropping fromCcarried on Dhanging around答案与解析：D根据下文的“his neck”可推知，年轻男子的脖子上挂着个袋子，是收钱用的。10A.whichever Bwhatever Chowever Dwhoever答案与解析：Bwhatever引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰名词change，符合语境。11A.watching Bsuspecting Cchecking Dfollowing答案与解析：A与下文的“like a hawk(鹰)”呼应，作者当时在仔细打量这位母亲，watch sb. like a hawk为固定用法。12A.begging BconvincingCtrusting Dencouraging答案与解析：C根据下文的“this disabled man believed in people”可知，这个年轻人依赖于相信人们不会欺骗他。trust“信任，相信”。13A.point Bway Cchance Ddoubt答案与解析：B因为这个年轻商贩是个盲人，因此别人多拿了零钱他也没办法知道。14A.demanded BsurprisedCtouched Dinfluenced答案与解析：C根据语境可知，残疾的年轻商贩对人们的信赖感动了作者，所以作者也买了一个玩具。15A.need Bknow Cvalue Dstore答案与解析：A根据下文的“at all”可推知，作者当时并不需要玩具，纯粹是被年轻人的信赖所感动。16A.opposite Bgood Cequal Dsame答案与解析：D根据语境可推知，年轻商贩要作者和之前的买家一样去自己拿零钱。17A.hand Bbag Cbox Dpocket答案与解析：B与上文的“He told the young mother to put the money in the bag 9 his neck”呼应，作者也把钱放进了商贩挂在脖子上的袋子里。18A.money Bforgiveness Cconfidence Dappreciation答案与解析：A结合上文的“I put my hand in, but didnt take any change”可推知，作者没有拿回零钱，那么商贩回家后就会发现多了钱。19A.but Bor Cso Dfor答案与解析：C根据语境可知，空处前后表示逻辑上的因果关系，这与上文作者买了根本不需要的玩具呼应。20A.ready Bpolite Cgentle Dbroad答案与解析：D根据上文的“I gave him the little toy”可推知，作者赠予了小孩儿玩具，小孩儿应该很开心。broad smile表示“满面的笑容”。三、七选五As warming continues，scientists warn the oxygen content of oceans across the planet could be more and more reduced，with serious consequences for the future of fish and other sea life. 1 One is the simple fact that as water gets warmer，it can hold less dissolved(溶解的)oxygen.The other reason is less obvious.The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surfaceeither from the atmosphere，or from photosynthesizing algae floating at the top of the sea. 2 Global warming is expected to reduce the mixing of the ocean by making surface seawater lighter.Thats because in a warmer world we can expect more rainfall and more melting(融化)of glaciers，icebergs，and ice sheets. 3 The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will also make surface water expand and thus make it lighter still. 4 Instead，more of the oxygen will remain near the surface，where it will be used up by oxygenbreathing organisms.A lowoxygen ocean may bee an inescapable feature of our planet.A team of Danish researchers wondered how long oxygen levels would drop if we could somehow reduce our carbon dioxide emissions to zero by 2100.They determined that over the next few thousand years oxygen levels would continue to fall，until they declined by 30 percent.The oxygen would slowly return to the oceans，but even 100，000 years from now they will not have fully recovered. 5 AIts not known why the oxygen level of oceans has reduced.BScientists point to two reasons to expect a drop in ocean oxygen.CFresh waters inpouring will make the water at the oceans surface lighter.DThe oxygen then spreads to the deep ocean as the surface water slowly sinks.EGlobal warming has caused the reduction of the oxygen content of oceans worldwide.FThe light surface water will be less likely to sink so the deep ocean will get less oxygen.GIf they are right，we have every reason to worry about the major effect it has on sea life.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章简要介绍了海水中氧气含量主要原因及其可能对海洋生物带来的长期的影响。1B从文章篇章结构分析，本空为段落主旨句。本段介绍了全球变暖使海洋含氧量降低的原因，并且“One”“The other reason”与B项中的“two reasons”相呼应，故选B。2D根据段落主旨和空前的“The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface.at the top of the sea.”可知，此处是通过说明海洋中氧气的来源与循环来解释海洋含氧量下降的原因的，故D项“然后，随着表层海水的慢慢下沉，氧气扩散至海洋深处”符合语境。3C根据空前的内容和常识可知，雨水和冰川、冰山及冰原融水都属于淡水，海洋中的水是咸水，而淡水的密度比咸水的小，因此淡水的注入会使海洋表面的水变得更轻。故C项符合语境。C项中的“make the water.lighter”与下文中的“make it lighter”的对应关系亦是提示。4F根据空前的“The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will .”和空后的“Instead，more of the oxygen will remain.”可知，F项与空前的句子的句式相同，且与空后的句子的内容存在语意上的转折关系，故F项符合语境。5GG项中的“they”与上文中的“A team of Danish researchers”相呼应，且上文讲到即使我们把二氧化碳的排放降低到零，海洋含氧量也需要很长时间才能恢复，其对海洋生物造成的影响将是长期的，故G项“如果他们是对的，那么我们完全有理由对它对海洋生物的重大影响感到担忧”符合语境。 四、短文改错Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter asked about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still take up most of our time.Besides，we often help our parents with the housework or farm work，that makes us realize how hard we work every day and develop a great love for work.Meanwhile，we take active part in social activities，such as voluntary work. We went out to the streets to collect rubbishes or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children.We try our best to help those who are in need or make our hometown a lot of more beautiful. We find greatly pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming【答案】Dear Lisa，Im glad to receive your letter about the present holiday life of Chinese students. Learning together with entertainment still up most of our time.Besides，we often help our parents with the housework or farm work， makes us realize how hard work every day and develop a great love for work.Meanwhile，we take active part in social activities，such as voluntary work. We out to the streets to collect or to the hospitals to cheer up the sick children.We try our best to help those who are in need make our hometown a lot more beautiful. We find pleasure in these activities.Yours，Li Ming第一处：askedasking。考查非谓语动词。我很高兴收到你询问中国学生目前的假日生活的来信。ask和其逻辑主语letter之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。第二处：taketakes。考查主谓一致。学习和娱乐仍然占据了我们大部分的时间。此处是together with连接的名词在句中作主语，谓语动词应与句子原来的主语Learning保持一致，即应用第三人称单数，故改为takes。第三处：thatwhich。考查定语从句。此外，我们经常帮助我们的父母做家务或者干农活，这使我们意识到他们每天工作得多努力。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的整个句子，故用which。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。第四处：wethey。考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指代的是上文中的“our parents”，故应用they。第五处：在active前加an。考查冠词。同时，我们积极参加社会活动，比如志愿工作。take an active part in为习惯用法，表示“积极参加”。第六处：wentgo。考查时态。我们去街上收集垃圾或者去医院安慰生病的孩子们。全文的基本时态是一般现在时，故此处应用一般现在时。第七处：rubbishesrubbish。考查名词。rubbish表示“垃圾”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故改为rubbish。第八处：orand。考查连词。由语境可知，此处表示并列的顺承关系，故用and表示“和，与”。or表示选择关系，意为“或，或者”。第九处：去掉of。考查固定搭配。此处指使我们的家乡变得更加美丽。根据句中的“more”可知，此处修饰比较级，故应用a lot。a lot of表示“许多”，修饰名词。第十处：greatlygreat。考查副词。在这些活动中，我们发现了极大的乐趣。此处修饰名词pleasure，故应用形容词。
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