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sectionAgrammar,八下英语Unit7Whatsthehighestmountainintheworld?,GrammarFocus,4a.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.,1.TheAmazonRiverisoneofthe_riversintheworld.Itsalittle_thantheYangtzeRiver.2.Qomolangmais8,844.43meters_.,bigmuchpopularlongoldhigh,longest,longer,high,Itsoneofthemost_placesforseriousmountainclimbers.3.Nooceanintheworldisas_asthePacificOcean.4.AlthoughJapanis_thanCanada,itis_smaller.,popular,big,older,much,e.g.Tworivers：_and_,4b.Writetwocomparisonsabouttwotopics.Writetruefacts.,theYangtzeRiver,theAmazonRiver,TheYangtzeRiverisalmostaslongastheAmazonRiver.,TheAmazonislongerthantheYangtze,buttheYangtzeisthelongestriverinChina.,Twocities：_and_1._2._,Twoanimals：_and_1._2._,Pairwork,4c.Writefivequestionsusingcomparisons.Thenaskyourpartneryourquestions.,_,Whatisthehighestbuildinginourcity?,Whoistheoldestpeopleinourcity?,Whatisthemostpopularstreetinourcity?,Whatisthemostdeliciousfoodinourcity?,Whereisthebusiestroadinourcity?,GrammarFocus,(一)数词Numeral,数词是用来表示事物的数目和顺序的词。,数词的分类：1.基数词2.序数词3.分数词今天我们先来学习一下基数词。,1.复习1100以内的所有数字。2.掌握百、千、万、十万、百万的表达法。,1、1-19的基数词,one1two2three3four4five5,six6seven7eight8nine9ten10,eleven11twelve12thirteen13fourteen14,fifteen15sixteen16seventeen17eighteen18nineteen19,2、2090等十位数,twenty20thirty30forty40fifty50sixty60seventy70eighty80ninety90,twenty-one21twenty-two22其它的十位数照此类推，如：thirty-one31forty-two42seventy-five75ninety-six96,3、百、千、万,百hundred100onehundred200twohundred以此类推千thousand1000onethousand2000twothousand英语里没有“万”这一单位，万也用thousand表示。如：10000tenthousand一万20000twentythousand两万,4、十万、百万,十万的说法是：100.000a(one)hundredthousand200.000twohundredthousandmillion百万a(one)million1,000,000twomillion2,000,000以此类推8,000,000eightmillion,练一练345100118,657,421,threehundredandforty-five,onethousand(and)one,eighteenmillion,sixhundredandfifty-seventhousand,fourhundredandtwenty-one,Theprojectlasted5yearsandcost2billiondollars.2.TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.3.Onethousandpoundsisalotofmoney.,表示确定数量时用基数词+hundred，thousand，million，billion,多位基数词读法,457,890,608,389,threehundredandeighty-nine,fourhundredandfifty-seven,eighthundredandninety,sixhundredandeight,1）101999的三位数由“百位数and+两位数组成”。如：325threehundredandtwenty-five,102onehundredandtwo,635sixhundredandthirty-five,2)三位数以上的数，从个位往前数，每三位数加一个逗号，从后往前数的第一个逗号代表thousand,第二个逗号代表million,第三个逗号是billion，注意这几个词不能用复数形式，后也不能加and。例如：2,648twothousand,sixhundredandforty-eight16,250,064sixteenmillion,twohundredandfiftythousand,sixty-four,确切数目与不确切数目的表达：hundred,thousand,million,billion等前面有基数词，表示确切数目时，用单数，后直接接复数名词；如：threehundredbooksonehundredpeoplefivethousandstudentssevenmillionstarts,表示不确切数目时，这类词后加-s且与of连用。如：hundredsofpeoplethousandsofstudentsmillionsofbirdsbillionsoflions注意：这类短语中，名词前如有定冠词、指示代词或形容词性物主代词时，可加of,但表示的是范围。如：twohundredoftheworkers工人中的二百（人）,GrammarFocus,(二)形容词的比较级和最高级comparativesandsuperlativeswithadj.andadv.,short,-,shorter,small,-,smaller,nice,nicer,safe,safer,-,-,-,-,-,-,big,thin,heavy,heavier,happy,happier,找规律：,big,bigger,thin,thinner,deliciousmoredeliciousinterestingmoreinterestingimportantmoreimportantcarefully-morecarefullyquickly-morequicklyslowly-moreslowlyeasily-moreeasily,找规律：,大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。一、形容词比较级的构成1.构成的不规则变化:2.构成的规则变化:,形容词和副词的比较级,1.构成的不规则变化:e.g.good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest,2.构成的规则变化:1)单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾后加-er构成比较级或-est构成最高级.如：原级比较级最高级coldcoldercoldestbrightbrighterbrightestyoungyoungeryoungest,2)以字母e结尾的词只加r或-st构成比较级和最高级。原级比较级最高级nicenicernicestfinefinerfinestlargelargerlargest,3)重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er或-est。如:bigbiggerbiggestthinthinnerthinnest4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改y为i,再加-er或-est。如：easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest,5)多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more或most。如：deliciousmoredeliciousmostdeliciousinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingimportantmoreimportantmostimportant,carefully-morecarefully-mostcarefullyquickly-morequickly-mostquicklyslowly-moreslowly-mostslowlyeasily-moreeasily-mosteasily,形容词最高级的构成,tall,taller,tallest,B:heavyeasytidydrybusyhappyhealthyhungryearly,y-i-est,C:largelatenice,-st,biggest,D:big,hot,hottest,thin“双写”,thinnest,wet,wettest,fat,fattest,Adjective,deliciousdangerousinterestingpopularbeautifulcarefulfriendly,themost-adj.,Adjective,betterbest,far,little,worseworst,moremost,fartherfarthest,lessleast,good,well,bad,badly,many,much,fortable3.big4.happy5.cheap6.many7.difficult8.little,betterbestmorecomfortablemostcomfortablebiggerbiggesthappierhappiestcheapercheapestmoremostmoredifficultmostdifficultlessleast,用法：英语中三者或三者以上相比较，表示“最”这样的最高程度概念时，要用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般带有表示比较的介词短语，比如:inourclass,ofthethree等。例如：WangLinisthetallestinourclass.Thistheateristhecheapestofthethree.注意使用最高级时应注意以下几点：,形容词的最高级,(1)表示“最之一”的句式，要用oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词。例如:JingjiangHotelisoneofthebiggesthotelsinourcity.Lisaisnotoneofmybestfriends.(2)当最高级前面有物主代词或名词所有格时，不加定冠词the。例如：TomisLucysbestfriend.Tuesdayisherbusiestday.,(3)最高级前可加序数词。例如：TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.(4)形容最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词，代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。例如：Heisthelaziest(student)inourclass.,2.形容词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词比较级直接加-er,最高级直接加-est。如：clevercleverercleverestcheapcheapercheapestfewfewerfewestsmallsmallersmallestyoungyoungeryoungest,b.以-e结尾的形容词，比较级+-r,最高级+-st。如：largelargerlargestnicenicernicestcutecutercutestc.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i+er或+est。busybusierbusiestheavyheavierheaviesteasyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestdirtydirtierdirtiest,d.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加+er或+est。如：bigbiggerbiggestthinthinnerthinnestfatfatterfattesthothotterhotteste.多音节和部分双音节形容词，需在原级前+more构成比较级，+most构成最高级。如：importantmoreimportantmostimportantbeautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautifuldifficultmoredifficultmostdifficult,3.不规则变化：,最高级规则变化口诀：,最高级，很容易，一般词尾加est。(cheap-thecheapest)词尾若有哑音e,直接就加st。(close-theclosest)重读闭音节,单辅音字母要双写。(big-thebiggest)辅音字母加y,记得把y变为i。(friendly-thefriendliest)多音节，考考你，themost到底加哪里？(popular-themostpopular),1.WearegoingtotheGreenRestaurantforlunch.(就划线部分提问)_yougoingforlunch?2.Samistheshortestinhisclass.(改为同义句)Samis_than_studentinhisclass.Samis_than_studentsinhisclass.Samis_than_inhisclass.3.HowdoyoulikeScreenCity?(改为同义句)_doyou_ScreenCity?,Whereare,shorter,anyother,What,thinkof,shorter,theother,anyoneelse,shorter,练习：改写句子,TheComparativeSuperlativeDegreesofAdjectives&Adverbs,总结,形容词和副词比较级和最高级,latelater-latest,earlyearlierearliest,bigbigger-biggest,fluently/difficultmore,most,重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母双写加er或est,单音节词在词尾比较级加-er或最高级加-est,以e结尾的词，只需加r或st,以辅音字母加y结尾双音节词变y为i加er或est,部分双音节和多音节词在原级前加more或most,少数以er,ow结尾的双音节词加-er-est,talltaller-tallest,clevercleverer-cleverest,cheap,cold,small,warm,young,high,fine,nice,safe,happy,busy,dirty,easy,lazy,pretty,fat,hot,red,thin,wet,sad,narrow,yellow,quickly,slowly,useful,careful,popular,modern,形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成(规则变化),不规则变化,good/wellbetter-best,much/manymore-mostbad/badly/illworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthestfurthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest,形容词和副词比较级的用法,1.Whorunsfaster,heorshe?,2.Herunsfasterthanshe.,3.Herunsmuchfasterthanshe.,4.Hebecomeshealthierandhealthier.,5.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.,6.Sheislesshealthythanhe.,1.表示两者之间的选择,可用“Which/Who+比较，or?”.,2.表示两者之间的比较，通常用连词than引导，表示“更一些”,3.much/far/alot,even,still,alittle/abit修饰比较级,表示程度.,Whorunsfaster,heorshe?,Herunsfasterthanshe.,Herunsmuchfasterthanshe.,4.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”,5.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越,越”,6.表示不及另一方时，用“less+原级+than”(双音节和多音节词),Hebecomeshealthierandhealthier.,Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.,Sheislesshealthythanhe.,Heishealthierthanshe.,Shanghaiisbecomingmoreandmoremodern.,1.比较级+and+比较级越来越2.the+比较级,the+比较级越,越,3._youare,_mistakesyouwillmake.(你越仔细，做错的题目就越少）4._youeat,_youllbe.(你吃得越多,就越胖)5.Alicewriteswell.Marywrites_thanshe.(甚至更好）,Themorecareful,thefewer,Themore,thefatter,1.Thegirlbecomes_.(越来越漂亮）,moreandmorebeautiful,2.Theweatherisgetting_.(越来越槽糕）,worseandworse,even/stillbetter,1.表示三者或三者以上比较,可用”Which/Who+最高级,or?”表示.,2.最高级+of/among(同类比较)in(范围比较),4.oneof+,形容词最高级,+名词复数表示“最之一”,3.序数词修饰最高级,形容词和副词的最高级的用法,Whoisthetallest,Tom,Mike,orJack?,Tomisthetallestofthethree.,Mikeisthesecondtalleststudentinourclass.,Jackisoneofthetalleststudentsinourclass.,Tomruns(the)fastestinourclass.,3.LinTaois_intheclassbecausehenevergetstoschoolontime.（最懒的学生之一）4.Edisonwas_intheworld.(最伟大的发明家之一）,oneofthelazieststudents,oneofthegreatestinventors,TheYangtzeRiveris_riverintheworld.(第三长河）,thethirdlongest,2.TheAtlanticis_oceanintheworld.(第二大洋）,thesecondbiggest,Exercise:,一、翻译句子：,二、同义句转换,1.FlatAismoreexpensivethanFlatBFlatBis_thanFlatA.FlatBis_FlatA.FlatBisnot_FlatA.,2.IprefermathstoEnglish.Ilikemaths_English.,betterthan,3.Heisthetalleststudentintheclass.Heis_intheclass.,tallerthananyotherstudent,anyother+名词单数,less,expensive,cheaper,than,as,expensive,as,1.HainanisaverylargeIsland.Itisthesecond_islandinchina.(large)2.Ourteacherisas_asbefore.(busy).3.Heis_amongus.(careful)4.LiLeijumpedfar_thanJim.(far)5.Thebusierheis,the_hefeels.(happy)6.IthinkYaoMingisoneof_basketballplayersinNBA.(hot),busy,themostcareful,farther,happier,largest,thehottest,三、完成句子,Homework,Practicewithyourclassmatestospeakandwritelargenumbers.Writesomenumbercarsandputtheminyourroom.Wheneveryousee,readthemquickly.,ThankYou!,
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