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English-ChineseTranslationforInternationalBusinessASurvey,SongTiemin,Comparison,Howtobuildyourskillforbusinesstranslation?,business,English,TranslationforInternationalBusiness,译者应具备的能力,翻译过程是一个语言转化的过程，涉及跨语言，跨文化的内容。外语水平能力母语水平能力知识水平能力商务英语专业行话术语应用水平能力只有通过练习实践，才能真正提高译者的翻译水平,Courseplan,1.TextbookZhangXinhongandthisisonlythebeginningofwhattheywilldo;andnothingthattheyproposetodowillnowbeimpossibleforthem.Come,letusgodown,andthereconfusetheirlanguage,thattheymaynotunderstandoneanothersspeech.SotheLORDscatteredthemabroadfromthereoverthefaceofalltheearth,andtheyleftoffbuildingthecity.,RedlionheadBeancurdmadebyapock-markedwoman;Husbandandwifeslungslice；Rollingdonkey,BraisedPorkBallsinSoySauceMapoTofuBeefandOxTripeinChiliSauceLdagunr(GlutinousRiceRollswithSweetBeanFlour),“fee-payingpublictoilet”北京的一家收费厕所，门口的标示牌为“到北京的厕所领钱去”,Example1:achurchkeyakeytoanydoorofachurch？,Itinitiallyreferredtoasimplehand-operateddeviceforpryingthecap(calledacrowncork)offaglassbottle;Theshapeanddesignofsomeoftheseopenersdidresemblealargesimplekey.Certaintincans,notablysardinecansandmeatcontainers,alsousedanattachedkeytoopenthem.ThefirstofthesewaspatentedinCanadain1900.,Thereissparse,andoftencontradictory,documentationastotheoriginofthetermChurchKey,thoughmostagreethephraseisasarcasticeuphemism,astheopenerwasobviouslydesignedtoaccessbeer,andnotchurches.,Example2:“WhatcanIdoforyou?”,Wehearitfrequentlyinourdailylife.Butwhensaidbyasalespersonandaclosefriend,thetranslationdiffersalot.Sotranslationconcernsnotonlywords,butalsothebackgroundinformation.,Example3:negotiable,Parttimesalesassistantrequired.Hoursandsalarynegotiable.ThisBillofLadingisissuedinanegotiableform,soitshallconstitutetitletothegoodsbyendorsementofthisB/L.所签发的提单为可转让提单,故只要在提单上背书,便确定了货物的所有权。,翻译“八戒”,一、戒“从一而终”务必抓住精神实质，不可以不变应万变。至于怎么应变，这就是显示译者功力的地方了。比如：都是“问题”，下面的翻译各不相同，几乎是打一枪换一个地方。共同关心的问题questionsofcommoninterest解决问题solveaproblem问题的关键theheartofthematter悬而未决的问题anoutstandingissue没有什么问题Withoutanymishap摩托车有点问题。Somethingiswrongwiththemotorcycle.问题不在这里。Thatisnotthepoint.沙博里将水浒传译为：OutlawsoftheMarsh(沼泽地上的亡命之徒)。杨宪益译将屈原的国殇译为：ForThoseFallenforTheirCountry，北外出版社将儒林外史译为：TheScholars。这些都是译者吃透了原文的原意而译出的佳作。,二、戒望文生义，机械直译黄牛（yellowcowox前误后正，下同）黄鹂（yellowbirdoriole）从小青梅竹马(greenplumbamboohorsegrewuptogether)紫菜（purplevegetablelaver）白菜(whitevegetableChinesecabbage)红木(redwoodpadauk)红豆杉(redfirChineseyew)黑社会(blacksocietysinistergang),三、戒“水土不符”，习惯搭配失当白洋淀的导游牌上，“红菱”被硬硬地翻译成RedLing。菱角有对应词的，应改为RedWaterChestnut。这里常常有外国人参观，如此翻译，令人汗颜！美国把贸易和人权扯在一起，只会损害两国的经济利益。TheUSpolicyoflinkingtradewithhumanrightscanonlybringharmtotheeconomicinterestsofthetwocountries.关起门来搞建设是不成的，中国的发展离不开世界。Chinacantdevelopinisolationfromtherestoftheworld.,四、戒主语暗淡如果这个问题不解决，势必影响两国的利益。Failuretosettlethisissueisboundimpairtherelationsbetweenthetwocountriesseriously.Iftheproblemisnotsolved,itissuretoaffecttheinterestsbetweenthetwocountries在上面的两种译文中，显然第一种译文主语选得好，句子流畅。共同的利益把我们两个伟大的国家连接在一起。Whatholdsourtwogreatnationstogetheristhecementofcommoninterests.此句主语部分处理得颇为干练。,五、戒结构单调，组合生硬“拉郎配”由于汉英结构不同，表达方式迥异，这就要求译者在翻译时灵活使用整合的技巧，将句子整合，有时要将简单句译成并列句，有时将并列句译成主从句。在纪念大学毕业20周年聚会时，我忽然问起原来的班主任：“我个子又不矮，怎么把我安排在了第一排呢？”Atthereunionpartyfor20anniversaryofgraduationfromuniversity,Isuddenlyaskedmyformerteacherinchargeofourclassthen:SinceIamnotofshortstature,howdidyouarrangemeatthefirstrow?一个高度近视的女博士去擦鞋店擦高统靴，秃头老板亲自蹲下来给她效劳。Whenawomandoctorwhosuffersaseveremyopicwenttoshoes-polishingshopforherbuskins，thebaldbosssquatteddowntoserveherpersonally.,六、戒“愚忠”，不谙增减之道我们耳熟能详的东西外国人可能会感到一头雾水，译者需要增加必要的说明和补充或者减译。风水fengshuithelocationofahouseortomb,supposedtohaveaninfluenceonthefortuneofafamily.会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。OnedayIshallclimbCleartothesummit,SeehowsmallsurroundingMountaintopsappearastheyliebelowme（新西兰人路易艾黎译杜甫望岳）NosupportforTaiwanindependence,nosupportforatwo-Chinapolicy,andnosupportforTaiwanmembershipininternationalorganizationsonthebasisofstatehood.（美国对台三不政策）,七、戒语句重复汉语多重复，以强化语气；英语则要尽量避免重复。先生曰：“狼负我，狼负我！”狼曰：“吾非固欲负汝。天生汝辈，固需吾辈食也。”Youareanungratefulbeast,complainedtheman.Notatall,retortedthewolf,itisnotthatImungrateful,butyoumenwerecreatedforustodevour.（颜惠庆译马中锡中山狼传）王曰：“此鸟不飞则已，一飞冲天；不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。”Thebirdmaynothaveflownyet,repliedtheKing,Onceitdoes,itwillsoartothesky.Imaynothavecriedoutyet,butonceitdoes,itwillstartleeveryone.（杨宪益译史记滑稽列传,Unity,struggle,unitythroughstruggle又斗争，又团结，以斗争的手段，达团结之目的。.Whatisrightisrightandwhatiswrongiswrong,nomatterwhatitconcerns,theChineseorforeigners,thedeadortheliving.中国人也好，外国人也好，死人也好，活人也好，对的就是对的，不对的就是不对的。,八、戒另起炉灶，走失精气神，沦为法国作家梅纳日所批评的“不忠的美人”即语言优美但不忠于原文。严复在翻译天演论时偶有为“雅”而不“信”。译文要力求其“信”，尽可能契合原来句子的气势、情绪和结构。我们不希望这件事影响中美关系。ChinahatestoseeSino-USrelationsdamagedbythisincident.用Chinahatesto比“Wedonthope”贴切。吾十五有志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲不愈矩。Atfifteen,Ihadmymindbentonlearningtruth;atthirty,mywordsdeedswereappropriate;atforty,Iperceivedtruthanddoubtsceased;atfifty,Iunderstoodwhatheavenhadmandatedformankind;atsixty,Icouldcomplywiththeappointmentsofheaven;atseventy,Icoulddoasmyheartdesired,andneverswervedfromthepathofright.（金沛霖译论语）,
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