中考英语一轮复习 S（一）开头词汇（二）讲义.doc

中考一轮复习 S（一）开头词汇（二）（讲义）以字母 S 开头的单词side /sad/n. 边，旁边，面，侧面；一方(的意见；态度；立场) side by side 并排地；并肩地There were two children ahead, walking side by side. from side to side 从左到右；从一边到另一边He shook his head slowly from side to side. 他慢慢地摇了摇头。south /sa/n. 南，南方；南部the south (某国的)南部，南方in the south 在南方adj. 南(方)的；向南的；从南来的on the south coast 在南海岸South Africa 南非adv. 向南The swallows fly south in the winter. 冬季燕子向南飞。southern /s()n/adj. 南方的；南部的 southwest /,sawest/n. 西南，西南方；西南部adj. 来自西南方的；位于西南部的southwestern /,sawestn/adj. 位于(来自)西南部的second /sek()nd/num. 第二的the second roomadv. 以第二名；第二，其次同义词：secondlyadv. 第二；其次n. 秒second hand 秒针minute hand 分针hour hand 时针second-hand /skndhnd/adj. 二手的；间接得来的second-hand cars 二手车second-hand opinions 拾人牙慧的观点adv. 二手地I bought the camera second-hand.Saturday /stde/n. 星期六Sunday /snde/n. 星期日September /septemb/n. 九月season /siz()n/n. 季节；季the dry / rainy season 旱季/雨季be in season 当令的；在旺季的be out of season 不合时令的；在淡季的spring /spr/n. 春天，春季；泉水，泉summer /sm/n. 夏季；夏天shower /a/n. 淋浴；阵雨take / have a shower 洗淋浴We were caught in a heavy shower.storm /stm/n. 风暴；暴风雨；暴风雪snow /sn/n. 雪heavy snow 大雪as white as snow 雪白的v. 下雪Its been snowing heavily all day. 大雪下了一整天。snowy /sn/adj. 被雪覆盖的；下雪多的；雪白的snowy hair 白发snowman /snmn/n. 雪人pl. snowmensun /sn/n. 阳光；太阳in the sun 在阳光下We sat in the sun. 我们坐在阳光下。under the sun (事物数量很大) 天下；全世界We talked about everything under the sun. 天南地北，我们无所不谈。sunny /sn/adj. 睛朗的；阳光充足的；快乐的 (sunnier; sunniest) a sunny day 阳光明媚的日子a sunny smile 快乐的微笑sunshine /snan/n. 阳 光 Usunglasses /snglsz/n. 太阳镜sky /ska/n. 天；天空 C, Usky 一般被看作是不可数名词，用作单数，如: Can you see those birds high up in the sky?There were little white clouds high in the blue sky.但是，当把 sky 部分化时(如说伦敦的天空时)，或者受形容词修饰时，或者涉及到天气时， 就可以使用 skies。例如:The night skies of London flare with rockets.烟火在伦敦的夜空中辉闪。a day of rain and cloudy skies 有雨多云的一天It was a sunny Sunday, with cloudless blue skies and a pleasantly refreshing breeze.star /st/n. 星；恒星sight /sat/n. 视力U；景象，情景C；风景(sights) She has very good sight.The bus became a familiar sight to local residents. Were going to Paris for the weekend to see the sights. at first sight 乍一看；初看时not let sb. out of ones sight 让某人留在自己眼皮底下Since the accident, Donna hasnt let the children out of her sight. out of sight, out of mind 眼不见，心不烦sightseeing /satsi/n. 观光；游览 U go sightseeing 去观光sign /san/n. 迹象，征兆；标志；记号Headaches may be a sign of stress. 头痛可能是紧张的迹象。The sign on the wall said Now wash your hands. 墙上的牌子写着“请洗手”。a plus/minus sign (+/) 加/减号symbol /smb()l/n. 象征；符号，记号a symbol of的象征This is a symbol of good luck.The long noodles are a symbol of long life.social /s()l/adj. 社会的；社交的society /ssat/n. 社会socialist society 社会主义社会strike /strak/v. (struck; struck 或 struck; stricken) 撞；打，击；罢工Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁The tree was struck by lightning. 树遭到雷击。n. 罢工；打；击the train drivers strike 火车司机罢工a strike by teachers 教师举行的罢课survey /sve/n. 调查school /skul/n. 学校 schoolwork /skulwk/n. 学校作业；功课 schoolbag /skulb/n. 书包scarf /skf/n. (pl. scarfs / scarves) 围巾；披巾；头巾subject /sbdekt/n. 题目，主题；学科；主语science /sans/n. 科学；理科science fiction 科幻小说(或影片等)science students 理科学生文科 artscientific /santfk/adj. 科学(上)的；细致严谨的scientist /santst/n. 科学家score /sk/n. 得分；分数the final score 最终得分Whats the score? 得分/比分是多少？v. (游戏或比赛中) 得分score a point/goal 得分sentence /sent()ns/n. 句子；判决to be under sentence of death 被判处死刑v. 判决；宣判sentence . to death 判处死刑standard /stndd/n. 标准；水平Mary did homework carefully to meet the standards of a strict teacher.adj. 标准的；规范的standard English 规范的英语speech /spit/n. 演讲；发言make / give a speech on sth. 发表关于的演讲/就问题发表演讲skill /skl/n. 技能；技巧reading / writing skills 阅读/写作技巧spirit /sprt/n. 精神，心灵；情绪(spirtis)The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. in spirit 在内心里，在精神上I cant come to your wedding but Ill be there in spirit. in high/low spirits 情绪高/低stress /stres/n. 精神压力；物理压力；强调，重要性 C, U under pressure/stress 在压力之下Kids these days already have enough stress from school. My parents give me a lot of pressure about school.v. 强调；重读He stressed the importance of a good education. In French, the last syllable is usually stressed.stressed /strst/adj. 焦虑不安；心力交瘁stressed out 极度焦虑的；非常紧张疲惫的Are you stressed out each time you have a test?self-improvement /selfimpru:vmnt/n. 自我改进；自我提高Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement.sense /sens/n. 感觉；意识a sense of humor 幽默感v. 感觉到；意识到The music was strangely beautiful, but under the beauty I sensed a strong sadness and pain.这首音乐异常的美，但是在这美的背后，我感觉到了强烈的悲伤和痛苦。shame /em/n. 羞愧U；遗憾的事sing. (a shame) Its a shame you have to leave so soon.What a shame! =What a pity! 真遗憾！shame on you/him (责备时说)真丢脸，真不害臊bring shame on sb. 使蒙羞Youve brought shame on this family. 你已经使这个家庭蒙羞了。v. 使羞愧shame sb. into doing sth. 使某人羞愧不得不做某事She shamed her father into promising more help. 她使父亲感到惭愧，只好答应多给她些帮助。surprise /spraz/n. 惊奇；意外 U, C in surprise 惊讶地She looked up in surprise. 她惊讶地抬起头。to ones surprise 使惊讶的；出乎的意料To our surprise, he is our teachers husband. get a surprise 吃惊The next morning, my sister and I got a terrible surprise. When we looked out of our tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire.v. 使惊奇；使诧异The children surprise the parents. surprisedadj. 惊奇的；感到意外的 surprisingadj. 令人惊奇的silence /salns/n. 寂静；沉默in silence 沉默地My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.silentadj. 寂静的；沉默的keep/stay/remain silent 保持沉默silentlyadv. 默默地；悄悄地；无声地代词she /i/pron. 她several /sev()r()l/det. 几个；数个；一些several hours 几个小时pron. 几个；数个；一些Several of the paintings were destroyed in the fire.adj. 各自的；分别的They said goodbye and went their several ways.他们道别后，便各自走了。some /sm/det. 一些，若干；有些；好些，不少的；某一词组辨析：some times 几次：I have been to the Great Wall some times.sometimes 有时；不时：He sometimes writes to me.some time (好长)一段时间：Were going to be working together for some time (=a long time).sometime 在某时：I saw him sometime last summer. / We must get together sometime.pron. 有些人；有些事物不论作为限定词还是代词，some 都可表示“一些；若干”，此时：some 常用于肯定句和预料会得到肯定回答的疑问句，而在否定句和疑问句中通常用 any。someday /smde/adv. 将来会有一天，有朝一日 (=some day) Maybe someday Ill be rich!somebody /smbd/n. 重要人物pron. 某人；有人 (=someone)He thought himself somebody, but we thought him nobody.something /sm/pron. 某事；某物 There is something wrong with the computer. Give me something to do. 给我点活儿干吧。something interestingsomewhere /smhw/adv. 在某处；到某处Can we go somewhere warm?somewhere 和 anywhere 的区别与 some 和 any 的区别相同副、介、连、数词等seldom /seldm/adv. 很少；不常；罕见She seldom reads newspapers.sudden /sd()n/adj. 突然的all of a sudden 突然，出乎意料的 (=suddenly)The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers were brought to a safe place.suddenly /sd()nl/adv. 突然；猛地such /st/pron. 这样的人(事物)；上述的人(事物)A Welsh (威尔士人的) victory had been predicted and such indeed was the result.Such of you as wish to leave may do so now. 想离开的人现在都可以走了。det. 这样的，那样的；非常，如此程度such+名词这样的；如此 Theres no such thing as a free lunch.Its such a beautiful day! 天气多么好哇！such as 例如I like drinks such as tea and soda.suchthat 如此以至于It was such a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home.so /s/adv. 如此；非常；也，同样；的确如此如此以至于：so + adj. / adv.+ that&such + n.+ that The boy was so honest that everyone liked him.He was such an honest boy that everyone liked him. “Is he coming?”“I hope so.” (我希望如此)“Did they mind?”“I dont think so.” (我不认为如此。)I might be away next week. If so, I wont be able to see you. (if so: 如果是这样的话) “so/nor/neither +情/助/系+主语”意为：某人也(不)是(如此)“Tom works hard.”“So does Lily.”(莉莉也是。)“Tom doesnt work hard.”“Neither does Lily /Nor does Lily/(Lily neither).”(莉莉也不。) “I dont know.”“Neither do I/Nor do I/(Me neither).”(我也不知道。)“so +主语+情/助/系”意为：是的，的确是这样“Tom works hard.”“So he does.” (的确如此。)and so on等等We discussed everythingwhen to go, what to see and so on. so far 到目前为止；迄今为止What do you think of the show so far?so as to do sth. 为了/以便做某事We went early so as to get good seats. so much for sth. 关于就讲这么多；到此为止So much for the situation in France. Now we turn our attention to Russia.conj. 因此；所以so (that)为了；以便I work hard so that I can enter a good high school. so what? 那又怎么样呢？Hes fifteen years younger than you!So what?soon /sun/adv. 不久；很快；一会儿as soon as 一就 (引导时间状语从句)As soon as the moon rises, we can follow them instead.My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV. as soon as possible = as soon as sb can 尽快Well deliver the goods as soon as we can. 我们将尽快交货。Please send it as soon as possible. 请尽快把它寄出去。sooner or later 迟早，总有一天Sooner or later you will have to make a decision.How soon?多久之后In a week.still /stl/adv. 仍然，还；不过Mum, Im still hungry!Although he promised faithfully to come, I still didnt think he would.adj. 静止的；平静的Keep still while I brush your hair. 我给你梳头时你不要动。Cant you sit still? 你就不能老老实实坐一会儿吗？still water 平静的水面Still waters run deep. 静水流深。(木讷寡言者也许胸藏丘壑。)since /sns/prep. 从以来since then 自那以来I havent eaten since breakfast.conj. 从以来；因为；既然Where have you been since I last saw you.Since you cant answer, you can ask someone else for help.adv. 从那以后He left home two weeks ago and we havent heard from him since.six /sks/num.六第六 sixthat sixes and sevens乱七八糟sixteen /skstin/num.十六第十六 sixteenthsixty /skst/num.六十第六十 sixtiethseven /sev()n/num.七第七seventhseventeen /sev()ntin/num.十七第十七seventeenthseventy /sev()nt/num.七十第七十seventieth与字母 S 相关的谚语A still tongue makes a wise head.A good reputation sits still; a bad one runs about. A good tree is a good shelter.All rivers run into the sea.All things in their being are good for something. It is the first step that costs the most.精讲精练一、单项选择()1. Listen! Theresomeoneat the door.It must be your sister.A. is; knockingB. is; knockC. are; knockingD. are; knock()2. At times an ad can lead you to buy something you dont need at all. So you have to becareful. 选出与划线部分意义最相近的解释 A. SometimeB. SometimesC. Some timeD. Some times ()3. Anna has learned a lot by reading English fictions. , and .A. So has she; so have youB. So has she; so you haveC. So she has; so you haveD. So she has; so have you()4.exciting news! We have never hadlong vacation before.A. What; such aB. What an; such aC. How; such aD. What; so a ()5. Well travel to different places this winter vacation. Enjoy your trip! .A. The same to youB. Yes, Id love toC. Me, tooD. Very well, thank you二、根据提示完成句子1. She(突然) found herself being talked about in all the newspapers.2. 我惊奇地发现他今天穿着一件最时髦的夹克。I wasthat he wore a jacket in the latesttoday.3. 从五月起，北京允许盲人乘客与导盲犬一起乘坐地铁。Starting from May, Beijing allows blind passengerswith their guide dogs.4. 令我惊讶的是，他已收到那所大学校长的来信了。 , he has already _from the principal of the university.5. Mr. Smith and his wife seldom drive their car to work, ? (完成反意疑句)【参考答案】与字母 S 相关的谚语1. 沉默者有智慧。2. 好名不出门，恶名传四方。3. 枝叶茂盛的大树是躲避风雨的好去处。 / 大树底下好乘凉。4. 条条江河归大海。5. 天生我才必有用。6. 万事开头难。精讲精练一、单项选择15：ABDAA二、根据提示完成句子1. suddenly2. surprised, style/fashion 3. to take the subway/underground/metro4. to my surprise, heard5. do they