2019-2020年高考英语考点突破 专题一 冠词（含解析）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语考点突破 专题一 冠词（含解析） 冠词的基本用法1.India attained independence in 1947,after long struggle.(xx新课标全国,31)A.不填;aB.the;aC.an;不填D.an;the2.Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and break for cheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.(xx新课标全国,13)A.a;aB.the;theC./;theD.a;/3.It was cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across night sky.(xx山东,22)A./;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;/4.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in thirteenth century.(xx陕西,19)A.the;aB.a;不填C.不填;theD.the;the5.The parents were shocked by news that their son needed operation on his knee.(xx重庆,32)A.a;/B.the;/C.the;anD.a;an6.Animals are obviously lower form of life than man.(xx江西,32)A.a ;/B.the ; theC.a ; theD./ ; /7.The “Chinese Dream” is dream to improve peoples well-being and dream of harmony,peace and development.(xx福建,21)A.the; aB.a; aC.a; theD.the; the8.Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.(xx新课标全国,22)A.不填;aB.a;theC.the;不填D.the;a9.Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day.(xx安徽,21)A./;aB./;theC.the;aD.the;the10.The development of industry has been gradual process throughout human existence,from stone tools to modern technology.(xx浙江,2)A.不填;theB.the;aC.a;不填D.a;a11.We are said to be living in Information Age, time of new discoveries and great changes.(xx四川,18)A.an;theB.不填;theC.不填;aD.the;a12.I woke up with bad headache,yet by evening the pain had gone.(xx辽宁,21)A.the;theB.the;anC.a;theD.a;an13.It is generally accepted that boy must learn to stand up and fight like man.(2011新课标全国,33)A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;/14.Take your timeits just short distance from here to restaurant.(2011山东,21)A.不填;theB.a;theC.the;aD.不填;a15.In most countries,a university degree can give you flying start in life.(xx四川,2)A.the;aB.the;不填C.不填;不填D.不填;a16.Everything es with price;there is no such thing as a free lunch in the world.(xx重庆,27)A.a;aB.the;/C.the;aD.a;/17.I dont understand what the engineer means,but Ive got rough idea of project plan.(xx浙江,2)A.the;aB./;theC.the;/D.a;the 冠词的活用1.Being able to afford drink would be fort in those tough times.(xx山东,29)A.the;theB.a;aC.a;不填D.不填;a2.He missed gold in the high jump,but will get second chance in the long jump.(xx全国,7)A.the;theB.不填;aC.the;aD.a;不填3.Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school,told us,“ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”(2011四川,18)A./;AB./;TheC.the;TheD.a;A4.First impressions are the most lasting.After all,you never get second chance to make first impression.(xx北京,35)A.a;theB.the;theC.a;aD.the;a 习语及固定搭配1.People develop preference for a particular style of learning at early age and these preferences affect learning.(xx浙江,15)A.a;anB.a;/C./;theD.the; an2.Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take place of George.(xx重庆,24)A./;/B.the;/C.the;theD./;the3.Its said John will be in a job paying over $60,000 year.Right,he will also get paid by week.(2011江西,22)A.the;theB.a;theC.the;aD.a;a4.There are over 58,000 rocky objects in space,about 900 of which could fall down onto earth.(xx辽宁,22)A.the;theB.不填;theC.the;不填D.a;the 冠词的基本用法1.We all signed with relief when plane finally landed safely.(xx山东潍坊3月模拟)A.a;/B./;theC.a;aD.a;the2.Lin Dans recent book,which is based on his experience as Olympic badminton gold winner,became bestseller in China.(xx安徽省级示范高中月考)A./;aB.an;theC./;theD.an;a3.In many countries, good education is regarded as ticket to success in the future.(xx浙江湖州中学高三第一学期期中)A./;/B.a;aC.the;theD.the;a4.In Pride and Prejudice,pride prevents the characters from seeing truth of a situation and from achieving happiness in life.(xx浙江杭州高级中学高三第三次月考)A./;theB.the;theC.a;theD.the;/5.Do you think an advertisement is help when you look for a college?Well,it all depends.Anyway,it gives me more of chance.(xx河南豫北高三六校精英考试)A.a;aB.the;theC./;theD.a;the6.In China, pressure to find jobs causes some students in the countryside to drop their dreams of going to college.(xx东北三校高三第一次联考)A./;theB.a;theC.the;/D./;/7.I had feeling of happiness when I heard that he had won first prize in the contest.(xx福建漳州高三毕业班质检)A.a;theB.the;/C.the;aD.a;a8.The next morning we went to lecture about Pompei,which was founded in 8th century BC.(2011陕西长安一中质检)A.the;theB.a;/C./;theD.a;the 冠词的活用1.It came as shock that fire broke out in Shanghai yesterday,killing at least 5 people.(xx山东潍坊诸城高三1月调研考试)A.a;aB.a;/C./;aD.the;the2.Washing machines made by China have won worldwide attention and Haier has bee popular name.(xx浙江温州中学高三上期中)A.a;theB./;aC./;theD.the;a3.Local people said Israeli troops were seen before dawn in town of Beit Lahiya, north of Gaza city.(xx河南中原一联)A./;/B.a;theC.the;theD.the;/4.Mom,Im sorry to tell you I failed maths test.Dont lose heart.But,given second chance,you are supposed to pass.(xx山东实验中学第三次诊断性测试)A.the;theB.the;aC.a;aD.a;the 5.Have you heard of death of Steven Jobs? Yes.It must be shock to Apple fans.(xx浙江奉化中学高三上期中)A.the;theB.a;theC.the;aD.a;/6.When did you last see Shelly?On Sunday of last December at celebration of her 40th wedding anniversary.(xx山东德州一模)A.不填;theB.a;不填C.the;aD.a;the7.Dela had made up his mind to give it up,but on second thought,he determined to try third time.(2011安徽合肥一中高三月考)A./;aB./;/C.a;aD.the;a 习语及固定搭配1.It is reported that audience of millions watched wedding between Prince William and Kate on TV that day.(xx浙江宁波高三第一学期期末考试)A.a;anB.an;theC.the;theD.the;an2.Many people in western countries go to church on ,as do some Chinese.(xx黑龙江哈三中高三一模)A.;a SundayB.the;SundayC. ;SundaysD.the;Sundays3.There is no doubt that the Diaoyu Islands are part of China and what some Japanese have done recently is actually offence against Chinese people.(xx江苏扬州中学高三3月月考)A.a;/B.a;theC.the;/D./;an4.Jack left message for me,saying he was in trouble.(xx山东实验中学高三第一次诊断性测试)A.a;theB.a;/C./;/D.the;a5.Cigarettes and alcohol do such great harm to health that they can easily cause weakening of our bodies.(xx安徽蚌埠第一次质检)A.a;/B./;theC.a;theD./;/6.In the early morning all of us stood at the top of the mountain to east of the city,watching burning sun rising.(xx福建福州高三3月质检)A.the;aB./;aC.the;theD.the;/7.Let us suppose you are in position of parent.Would you allow your child to do such a thing?(2011辽宁铁岭六校联考)A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the8.Would you mind giving your advice on how to improve our business management?If you make most of the modern equipment,there will be rise in production.(2011天津河西区高三月考)A./;/B.the;aC./;aD.the;/1.In the past three decades, significant advance has been made in modern agriculture.(xx杭州第一次高考科目教学质量检测)A.a;/ B.the;aC./;theD.a;a2.Awarded xx Nobel Prize in Literature,Mo Yan, productive contemporary Chinese writer,has published dozens of short stories related to the countryside.(xx浙江一级重点中学高三第一次联考) A.a;aB.the;aC./;aD.a;the3.This park is wonderful place for people to visit, place where everybody can have a good time.(xx浙江海宁高三测试)A.a;aB.a;theC.the;aD.a;不填4. helicopter can take off and land straight up or down,and can also stay still in air.(xx浙江模拟冲刺强化卷)A.The;anB.A;theC.A;/D.The;/5.When did accident happen? Oh,it was on Saturday towards the end of this summer,as far as I can remember.(xx浙江绍兴5校联盟12月月考)A.an;theB./;theC.the;aD.an;/6. number of overseas reporters registered to cover the 18th National Congress has seen remarkable increase.(xx浙江宁波效实中学高三上期中)A.A;aB.The;aC.A;theD.The;/7.Historically, main material for making tables has been wood,but metal and stone have also been used.(xx贵州遵义四中高三上学期第三次月考)A.the;/B./;/C.the;theD./;the8.What lessons China can draw from global financial crisis has bee hot topic among us students.(xx四川自贡高三第一次诊断性考试)A.the;aB./;aC.a;theD./;the9.Assistance dogs are trained to help disabled to live more independent life.(xx安徽涡阳四中高三上学期第五次月考)A./;aB.a;theC.the;aD.the;the10. success of Zhu Zhiwens singing has been great honour to his hometown.(xx山东乐陵一中高三质检)A.The;aB.The;anC./;theD.The;/11.Having dinner together on New Years Eve has always been big deal for my family and it gives us pleasure.(xx山东师大附中高三1月模拟) A.the;/B.a;theC.a;aD.a;/12.Chinas youths topped a list of calculating abilities,but ranked last on imagination and 5th from bottom for creativity,according to an education survey of 21 countries and regions.(xx甘肃兰州一中高三上学期期中考试)A.the;theB.an;theC./;theD./;a 13.Why not open the windows to let cool air in?Id rather you didnt. air in our town is terribly polluted.(xx山西高三第三次四校联考)A./;TheB.a;TheC./;/D.the;/14.We Chinese have a dream dream to turn a well-off life into reality by 2020.(xx安徽联盟高三第一次联考)A.a;/B.the;/C.a;aD.the;the15.Drivers using mobile phones on road are more likely to have accidents,a science report said recently. (xx青岛高三统一质量检测)A.a;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the16.Many young people in field of IT are struggling to bee Bill Gates to make more money as well as gain worldwide fame.(xx浙江嘉兴高三教学测试)A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;不填17.Riding along the Qujiang River banks could be great fun.Sounds like pretty good idea.(xx温州高三第一次适应性测试)A.a;/B.a;aC./;/D./;a18.According to doctor,the patient has good chance of survival.(xx山东威海一模)A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD./;the19.If I drive in this city myself,Ill probably get lost as I havent got very good sense of direction.(2011北京重点中学月考)A.a;/B.the;/C.a;theD.the;a20.John has put forward most challenging question for us to answer.Yes,it really is.I have never heard harder one.(2011豫南九校联考)A.the;/B./;theC.the;theD.a;a参考答案第一部分单项填空专题一冠词五年真题精华考点一: 冠词的基本用法1.A考查冠词的用法。句意:经过一段漫长的斗争,印度于1947年实现了独立。independence为抽象名词,因此其前不用冠词;struggle此处表示具体的事物,其前应用冠词a。因此选A。【技巧点拨】 抽象名词具体化的用法是高考的常考点。做此类题时,一要仔细分析语境,二要看该名词前是否有修饰成分。2.A考查冠词。“四个半小时”可以表达为four and a half hours或four hours and a half;break作“休息”讲时,为可数名词,此处表示泛指,其前应用不定冠词修饰。故选A项。3.B考查冠词用法。句意:那是一个寒冷的冬夜,月光照亮了那晚的天空。根据句意可知,第一空泛指“一个寒冷的冬夜”,所以用不定冠词a;第二空特指“那天晚上的天空”,所以用定冠词the。故B项正确。4.D考查冠词用法。句意:据说在十三世纪,马可波罗在去爪哇岛的途中曾在太平洋上航行。第一空,Pacific Ocean是一个专有名词,其前要用定冠词the;第二空,表示世纪、年代的名词前面要加定冠词the。故答案为D。5.C考查冠词用法。句意:父母被他们的儿子需要在膝盖处动手术的消息震惊了。由句意可知,“ news”特指他们的儿子需要手术的消息,故第一空应用定冠词the;operation是单数可数名词,此处表示“一次手术”,故第二空应用不定冠词,又因operation以元音音素/开头,故用an。因此选C。6.A考查冠词。句意:很明显,动物是比人类更低级的生命形态。第一空用a修饰form,意为“一种”,man在此处表示“人类”,不加冠词,故选A项。7.B考查冠词。句意:“中国梦”就是一个提高人们的幸福感的梦想,一个(追求)和谐、和平和发展的梦想。dream为可数名词表泛指,两处均用不定冠词。故选B项。8.C考查冠词用法。Sarah满意地看着那幅已完成的画,完成的画是特指,应用定冠词the,satisfaction是不可数名词表状态,用零冠词。9.A考查冠词。句意:Carl正在大学学习食品科学,希望将来有一天开一家自己的肉食加工厂。第一空表示某种专业或者学科,表抽象概念的名词不用冠词;第二空表示“一家肉食加工厂”,中心词为factory,需用不定冠词。故选A。10.C考查冠词。第一空指“一个循序渐进的过程”,故用不定冠词;第二空指“人类存在”属抽象概念,不加冠词,故选C。11.D考查冠词。句意:人们说我们生活在信息时代,一个充满了新发现和伟大变化的时代。the Information Age信息时代,可看作普通名词构成的专有名词,故前用定冠词the;a time of.表示“一个的时代”,此时time意为“时代”。12.C句意:我醒来就头痛得厉害,但是到晚上为止疼痛已消失了。第一个空用a表示泛指;第二个空用the表示特指。13.A句意:被人们广为接受的是男孩必须学会站起来像个男子汉一样去迎战。根据句意,体会出“男孩”和“男子汉”都是泛指,所以其前都用不定冠词a,故选择A。14.B考查冠词用法。句意:慢慢来从这里到饭店只是很短的距离。distance是可数名词,表示“一段距离”时,用不定冠词a;第二空表特指,所以用定冠词the。15.D句意:在大部分国家,一张大学文凭能让你有一个高的人生起点。most是形容词,在此意为“大多数”,而不是最高级,其前不用the;第二空修饰start,泛指起点,开端;是可数名词,用不定冠词。【技巧点拨】 本题主要考查a most与the most的用法。此处考生应弄清a与most连用时,most是副词,相当于very;与the连用时,most是形容词/副词最高级形式;而与名词连用时,most是形容词,表示“许多,大多数”。16.D句意:凡事都有代价,世界上没有免费的午餐。price“价格,代价”,是可数名词;第二个空不用冠词,是因为前面的no是一个具有否定意义的数量词,no such thing相当于not such a thing。17.D考查冠词的用法。第一空为短语:get a +adj.+idea of sth.;第二空为特指,特指双方都知道的那个project plan。考点二:冠词的活用1.B句意:在那些艰苦的岁月里,能够买得起一杯饮料就是一件舒适的事情。第一个空用不定冠词a,表示泛指;第二个空在fort前用不定冠词a,表示一件具体的事,即“抽象名词具体化”。2.C考查冠词。句意:他在跳高比赛中痛失金牌,但是在跳远中他还有一次机会。第一空是特指,用定冠词;第二空是泛指,在此表示“再一次”,用不定冠词。3.A考查冠词。headmaster等表示官衔的名词,作同位语时,不加冠词;根据pupils及go可知不是第几个学生,可排除定冠词the,a fifth of pupils表示五分之一的学生。【技巧点拨】 题目中出现官衔一类的名词时,要根据其在句中所作成分,选择冠词。此类名词作补语、同位语时,不用冠词,在句首作主语时,可加定冠词the。4.C句意:第一印象最持久。毕竟,你不会再有机会去形成第一印象。第一空后有second,在此表示“再一次”,而不是表顺序,应用不定冠词;第二空后的first impression是泛指,也不是表示顺序,又根据题干可以判断impression在此处是可数名词,可数名词单数表泛指时需用不定冠词,故选择C项。考点三:习语及固定搭配1.A本题考查固定搭配中的冠词。题干的意思是:“人们在很小的时候就养成了对某种特定的学习方式的偏爱,并且这些偏爱会影响学习。”develop a preference for养成对的偏爱/偏好;at an early age在很小的时候,均为固定搭配,所以正确选项为A项。2.D考查冠词用法。句意:Sam已经被任命为工程部经理来代替George。第一空表示官衔,在句中作补语、表语、同位语时,其前省略冠词。第二空考查固定短语,take the place of代替。故D项正确。3.B考查冠词。句意:据说John将会从事一份年收入超过6万美元的工作。是的,他也是按周计薪的。第一个空为泛指,意为每年;by the week固定短语,by按照,以计算。【技巧点拨】 by意为“按照,以”时,后面若为具体名词如kilogram,meter,week,day.时要加冠词the;而后面若为抽象名词如weight,length,height.时则不加冠词。4.B考查冠词。in space“在太空中”,为固定搭配;earth表示世界上独一无二的事物,前面需用定冠词the。三年模拟实战考点演练考点一:冠词的基本用法1.B第一空relief为不可数名词,前不加冠词。第二空用the特指双方都知道的人或物。句意:当飞机最终安全着陆时,我们都松了一口气。2.D考查冠词。第一空指作为一位奥运会羽毛球金牌获得者,表泛指,而且Olympic发音以元音音素开头,故用an;第二空a bestseller泛指一本畅销书,故选D项。3.B考查冠词。第一空表示“一种”的概念,故用a;第二空也表示“一张成功的通行票”的含义,也用a。答案选B项。4.D考查冠词。第一空表示“特指”,而且truth前面一定要用定冠词the;第二空则表示泛指概念“生活”,所以不用冠词,综合选D项。5.A考查冠词。句意:你认为广告对你搜寻大学是个帮助吗?噢,那得看情况。不管如何,它给了我多了解那个大学的机会。第一空为“一个帮助”;第二空为“一次机会”,均表示泛指,因此用不定冠词。6.C考查冠词用法。句意:在中国,找工作的压力导致一些农村学生放弃了上大学的梦想。第一空由于有动词不定式to find jobs 作后置定语修饰名词pressure,所以“压力”表示特指,因此用定冠词the;第二空是复数名词jobs 表示泛指的用法,故不加任何冠词。7.A考查冠词。句意:当我听说他在竞赛中获得了一等奖时,一种幸福之情油然而生。第一空表泛指,指“一种幸福之情”;第二空为特指,表示“一等奖”。【技巧点拨】 序数词前面一般加定冠词the 表示排序。当表示获得“几等奖”时,序数词后面如出现名词,则序数词前往往带定冠词the;否则往往省掉。如:He got first in the game.他在比赛中得了第一。8.D句意:第二天早上我们去听关于Pompei的讲座,Pompei建于公元前8世纪。lecture指“演讲、讲座”是可数名词,此处泛指“关于Pompei”的讲座,故第一空填“a”。第二空表示在“公元前8世纪,”序数词前加定冠词the。考点二:冠词的活用1.A第一空为抽象名词具体化,指一件令人震惊的事;第二空指昨天在上海发生了一场大火,用a表泛指,故选A。2.B考查冠词。第一空attention为不可数名词,所以前面不用冠词;第二空则表示“一个受欢迎的品牌”,所以用a,综合选B项。3.D句意:当地人说黎明前在Gaza city北部的Beit Lahiya镇上看到了以色列军队。第一空特指在这个城市里用the,第二空当方位词同of连用构成方位副词短语时,前面不用冠词。因此答案为D。4.B第一空特指说话双方都知道的那次数学测试,用定冠词the;第二空a second chance表示再一次,又一次,因此答案为B。5.C考查冠词。第一空表示“特指乔布斯的死亡”,所以用the;而第二空则表示“抽象名词具体化”的用法,所以用a。6.D考查冠词。第一空指“去年12月的一个星期天”,表示泛指,故用不定冠词a;第二空指“她结婚40周年的庆祝”,表示特指,故用定冠词the。【技巧点拨】 周日、周六等表示“星期”的词前面一般不用冠词,但当此类词有了前置或后置修饰语时需加冠词,如表示泛指用不定冠词,如表示特指则用定冠词。7.A本题考查序数词与冠词连用。句意:德拉已下定决心放弃,但又一想,他决定再尝试一次。第一空考查固定用法:on second thought(又一想);第二空考查“不定冠词与序数词连用”表示“又一个,再一次”,此时表示“再试一次”,并不强调是第几次。【技巧点拨】 序数词前面用不定冠词还是定冠词取决于语境中所要求表达的含义。“a+序数词”表示“又一,再一”,不强调按顺序第几的概念;而“the+序数词”强调从顺序、重要性等方面是第几次。考点三:习语及固定搭配1.B句意:据报道,数以百万计的人那天在电视上观看了威廉王子和凯特的婚礼。an audience of为固定用法,指看着或听着同一事物的一些人;第二空特指威廉王子和凯特的婚礼,用定冠词the。2.C第一空go to church为固定短语,意为“去做礼拜”,第二空指在数个星期天里,应用复数形式。3.D句意:毫无疑问,钓鱼岛是中国的一部分,最近有些日本人所作所为实际上是对中国人民的冒犯。第一空part of sth.为固定短语“的一部分”。第二空是对中国人民的一个冒犯,为泛指,且offence为元音音素开头要用an。4.Bmessage 是可数名词,leave a message for me“为我留了个口信”为泛指;in trouble是固定搭配,意思是“处在困难中”。5.B考查冠词。句意:烟草和酒精对健康非常有害以至于它们很容易导致我们身体衰弱。第一空为固定搭配,do harm to sb./sth.对有害;第二空后的weakening 后有介词短语of our bodies 修饰,表示特指,因此用定冠词the。6.A考查冠词。句意:清晨我们会站在城东的山顶,看灿烂的日出。第一空east 是方位名词,其前要加定冠词;第二空表泛指,指“日出”。故选A。【技巧点拨】 要注意表示方位的词既可作名词也常用作副词。如go to the east “向东走”,其中east 为名词;go east “向东走”,其中east 为副词。7.C句意:让我们假定你处在一个父母的位置,你会让你的孩子做这样的事吗?in the position of“处在位置上”,是固定用法;第二空parent是单数可数名词,且表泛指“一位父亲或母亲”,故用不定冠词a。8.B句意:关于怎样改善我们的商业管理你能提些建议吗?如果能充分利用现代设备,你们在生产上还会有一次大飞跃。第一空是固定用法make the most of“充分利用”;第二空rise是可数名词“飞跃,提高”,且表示泛指,故答案为B。实战模拟1.A句意:在刚刚过去的30年里,现代农业取得了重大进展。advance作“进展”讲为可数名词,make a significant advance意为取得了重大进展。第二空农业为不可数名词,且前有形容词修饰,不用冠词。2.B句意:莫言,这位xx年诺贝尔文学奖得主,是一位当代中国多产的作家,出版了一系列与农村生活有关的短篇小说。第一空特指xx年诺贝尔文学奖,要用定冠词the;第二空泛指一位当代中国多产的作家,应用a,因此答案为B。3.A句意:公园是人们参观的好地方,也是每个人能玩得开心的地方。两空都表示泛指,因此用不定冠词a。4.B考查冠词。单数名词前用a,表示事物的类别;in the air意为“在空中”。5.C本题考查冠词。the accident指的是说话双方都知道的那起事故;a Saturday指的是某一个星期六。6.B考查冠词。第一空根据语意知,表示“的数量”,所以用the number of,而第二空则表示“一个很明显的增长”,所以用a,选B项。7.A句意:从历史来看,制造桌子的主要材料是木头,但是金属和石头也被用了。前一空中:main material后有介词短语for making tables修饰限制,表特指,故用定冠词;后一空中,and连接两个并列的物质名词,metal 和 stone并列,表抽象概念,不用冠词。8.A句意:中国可以从全球金融危机中汲取什么样的教训已经成为我们学生中的热点话题了。global financial crisis是特指的,所以前面用定冠词the;第二空表示数字一的概念,所以要用不定冠词。9.C句意:协助犬被培训来帮助残疾人过一种更自立的生活。the+adj.表一类人,因此第一空用the;live a.life过的生活,为固定搭配,因此答案为C。10.A本题的第一空为特指概念,特指朱之文的成功,故用the;第二空“是家乡的一个荣耀”。故用a。11.D句意:在新年前夕共进晚餐是我家的大事,它给了我们乐趣。a big deal为固定短语,意为“大事,了不起的事”。pleasure在此为抽象名词“乐趣”,前不用冠词,因此答案为D。12.C句意:中国的年轻人在计算能力方面排名第一,但是在想象力方面排名最后,在创造性方面排名倒数第5。imagination想象力,是一个抽象名词,单独使用,不用冠词。bottom后面有介词短语修饰,说明是特指,故使用the表示特指。故选C项。13.A句意:为何不打开窗子让冷空气吹进来?我宁愿你别这样做。我们城市的空气污染太重了。第一空为泛指空气,不用冠词,如fresh air新鲜的空气。第二空特指我们城市的空气,应用定冠词the。14.A句意:我们中国人有一个梦想,一个在2020年实现过上富裕生活的梦想。第一空a dream.是前面a dream的同位语,表泛指;第二空turn.into reality为固定搭配,把变为现实。15.C句意:最近的科学研究报告称:在行驶途中打电话的司机更可能出事故。on the road为固定搭配,意为“在途中”。第二空accidents为复数名词,前不加冠词。16.C考查冠词。句意:很多年轻人在IT领域打拼,希望成为比尔盖茨一样的人物,既挣更多的钱又在世界范围内出名。第一空表特指,指IT领域;第二空表泛指,人名前加不定冠词,指“样子的人物”。故选C。17.B考查冠词。句意:沿曲江两岸骑车一游会是一件非常令人愉快的事情。听起来像个好主意。第一空为抽象名词转化为具体名词的用法。抽象名词fun “乐趣”前加a表示“一件令人愉快的事情”;第二空为泛指,指“一个好主意”。故选B。【技巧点拨】 抽象名词转化为具体名词是高考中冠词考查的热点。可以这样记:抽象名词转具体,连冠意思随之变。再如:After many years struggle,he became a success in business.经过多年打拼,他成为商界中的一位成功人士。18.C考查冠词。句意:按照那位医生的说法,这个病人有一次很好的活下去的机会。第一空为特指,指给那位病人诊断的医生,因此用定冠词;第二空为泛指,指一次存活的机会,因此用不定冠词。19.A句意:由于我缺乏很好的方向感,如果在这个城市我独自开车的话,我很可能会迷路的。第一空考查固定短语a good sense of.表示“的良好感觉”。第二空中direction是不可数名词,表抽象意义“方向”,故不用冠词。20.D本题考查冠词的固定搭配。句意:约翰提出了一个非常具有挑战性的问题让我们回答。是的,的确是,我没听过(比这)更难的一个问题了。第一空后most不是最高级,而是一个副词,相当于very,表示“非常,十分,很”,故前面用a;第二空所在句子是I have never heard a harder one than this one的省略,故用“a/an+形容词比较级”表示“更加的一个”。【技巧点拨】 本题从冠词与形容词比较级或最高级角度来考查。“the most+形容词”是表示在一定范围内“最的”,属于最高级用法;“a most+形容词”中most意为“非常”,相当于very,不是最高级。第二个空是“a(an)+形容词比较级+单数名词”表示“比前面所提到的物更的一个”,是泛指意义。