2019-2020年高考英语北师大版一轮复习课时作业：语言朋友（51）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语北师大版一轮复习课时作业：语言朋友（51）If your preschoolers turn up their noses at carrots or celery, a small reward like a sticker for taking even a taste may help get them to eat previously disliked foods, a UK study said.Though it might seem obvious that a reward could encourage young children to eat their vegetables, the idea is actually controversial, researchers wrote in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.Thats because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked, said Jane Wardle, a researcher at University College London who worked on the study.Verbal praise, such as “Brilliant! Youre a great vegetable taster，” did not work as well.The study found that when parents gave their small children a sticker each time they took a “tiny taste” of a disliked vegetable, it gradually changed their attitudes.The children were also willing to eat more of the vegetableseither carrots, celery, cucumber, red pepper, cabbage or sugar snap peasin laboratory taste tests, the study said.Researchers randomly assigned(分派)173 families to one of these groups.In one, parents used stickers to reward their children each time they took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable.A second group of parents used verbal praise.The third group, where parents used no special vegetablepromoting methods, served as a “control”Parents in the reward groups offered their children a taste of the “target” vegetable every day of 12 days.Soon after, children in the sticker group were giving higher ratings to the vegetables and were willing to eat more in the research lab, going from an average of 5 grams at the start to about 10 grams after the 12day experience.The turn around also seemed to last, with preschoolers in the sticker group still willing to eat more of the once disliked vegetable three months later.Why didnt the verbal praise work? Wardle said the parents words may have seemed “insincere” to their children.解题导语：本文主要讨论了几种鼓励孩子吃蔬菜的方法。1The purpose of writing the passage is_Ato introduce a practical method of making children eat vegetablesBto show the procedure of an experiment on childrens dietCto explain why children hate to eat vegetablesDto present a proper way of verbal praise to parents解析：写作意图题。纵观全文可知主要介绍了使孩子吃蔬菜的实际可用的方法，故选A。答案：A2The underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”Ashoot from behind the backBmake a fire in the backyardCproduce an unexpected resultDachieve what was planned解析：词义猜测题。根据后面的“cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked”可推知它指“产生意想不到的结果”，故选C。答案：C3According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?AMost children are born to dislike carrots or celery.BIt remains a question whether rewarding is a good way to get children to eat vegetables.COral praise works quite well in encouraging children to eat vegetables.DChildren in the sticker group will never lose interest in eating vegetables.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Though it might seem obvious that a reward could encourage young children to eat their vegetables, the idea is actually controversial”可知，通过奖励使孩子吃蔬菜的方式是否有效仍然是一个有争议的问题。答案：B4How did the researchers get their conclusion from the experiment?ABy parison. BBy asking questions.CBy giving examples. DBy discussion.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，研究人员通过比较的方式得出结论，故选A。答案：A5What can we learn from the last paragraph?AChildren like rewards, not verbal praise.BParents should praise their children in a sincere tone.CChildren are difficult to inspire.DParents should give up verbal praise.解析：细节理解题。根据“Why didnt the verbal praise work? Wardle said the parents words may have seemed insincere to their children.”可知父母应该以真诚的口气表扬孩子，故选B。答案：B语法填空Elias wrote a story in which he described his experiences with Nelson Mandela, 6._ is a brave and 7._ (respect) fighter for the freedom of the black people in South Africa.Mandela used to be 8._ lawyer, to whom a lot of black people, 9._ (include) Elias, went for advice.He offered guidance 10._ poor black people on the legal problems.At that time, the black people did not have the equal right 11._ the white people.The black people could not vote and the places where they lived were 12._ (poor) parts of the country.13._， a lot of black people, under Mandelas leadership, chose to attack the laws and government.In their opinion, only in that way 14._ (can) they succeed in achieving their dreams of 15._ (be) equal with the white people.解题导语：本文主要介绍了曼德拉为黑人争取平等权利做出的努力。6解析：先行词为人，且在定语从句中作主语，故用who引导非限制性定语从句。答案：who7解析：形容词作定语修饰名词fighter。答案：respectable/respected8解析：表泛指“一位”律师，故用a。答案：a9解析：此处表示“包括”，故用ving形式，相当于介词。答案：including10解析：offer sth. to sb.“为某人提供某物”。答案：to11解析：as意为“和一样”。答案：as12解析：由句意可知，黑人居住在全国“最穷的”地方，故用最高级。答案：the poorest13解析：前后是因果关系。答案：Therefore14解析：only接状语位于句首时句子应部分倒装，因时态为过去时，故用could。答案：could15解析：介词后接ving形式。答案：being