2019-2020年高考英语仿真模拟试题全解全析（10）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语仿真模拟试题全解全析（10） 注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。. 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空 （共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。For many people today, reading is no longer relaxation. To keep up their work they must read letters, reports, trade publications, interoffice munications, not to mention newspapers and magazines: a never-ending flood of words. In 1 a job or advancing in one, the ability to read and prehend 2 can mean the difference between success and failure. Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are 3 readers. Most of us develop poor reading 4 at an early age, and never get over them. The main deficiency 5 in the actual stuff of language itself words. Taken individually, words have little meaning until they are strung together into phrases, sentences and paragraphs. 6 , however, the untrained reader does not read groups of words. He laboriously reads one word at a time, often regressing（退回） to 7 words or passages. Regression, the tendency to look back over what you have just read, is a mon bad habit in reading. Another habit which 8 down the speed of reading is vocalization sounding each word either orally or mentally as one reads.To overe these bad habits, some reading clinics use a device called an 9 , which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined（预先确定的） speedThe bar is set at a slightly faster rate 10 the reader finds fortable, in order to “stretch” him. The accelerator forces the reader to read fast, 11 word-by-word reading, regression and sub-vocalization（默读）practically impossible. At first 12 is sacrificed for speedBut when you learn to read ideas and concepts, you will not only read faster, but your prehension will improve. Many people have found 13 reading skill drastically improved after some training . 14 Charlie Au, a business manager, for instance, his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute before the training, now it is an excellent 128 words a minute. He is delighted that how he can 15 a lot more reading material in a short period of time. 1Aapplying Bdoing Coffering Dgetting 2Aquickly Beasily Croughly Ddecidedly 3Agood Bcurious Cpoor Durgent 4Atraining Bhabits Csituations Dcustom 5Alies Bbines Ctouches Dinvolves 6AFortunately BIn factCLogically DUnfortunately 7Areuse Breread Crewrite Drecite 8Ascales Bcuts Cslows Dmeasures 9Aaccelerator Bactor Camplifier Dobserver10Athen Bas Cbeyond Dthan11Aenabling Bleading Cmaking Dindicating12Ameaning Bprehension Cgist Dregression13Aour Byour Ctheir Dsuch a14ALook at BTake CMake DConsider15Amaster Bgo overCpresent Dget through1-15 DACBA DBCAD CBCBD1 D 本句意思是“谁如果想谋得一份差事”。applying需加for, 意思是“申请”；doing做；offering提供; 此三项均不符题意，只有getting (获得)适合。2 A 本句意为 “快速阅读与理解的能力，是关系到成败的关键所在”。只有quickly与原意吻合。easily(容易地)；roughly (粗略地)；decidedly(果断地)均与原文内容不符。w3 C 英语中，阅读能力强的人称为good reader，反之，就是poor reader。根据上下文的能力内容，多数人都属于poor reader，因此选poor(差的)。其它选项不妥。4 B 此处的意思是“大多数人早期养成了看书慢的习惯”。因此选habits(习惯)。training (训练，培训)；situations(形势)；custom(风俗习惯)。5 A 此处说的是“主要的困难在于语言的自身要素，即单词”。bines联合；touches接触；involves包括；这三项的词义与原文不符。而lies与in构成搭配，意为“在于”。6 D 此句意为“然而遗憾的是未受过阅读训练的人就不会按意群阅读”。Fortunately幸运地；In fact事实上；Logically合乎逻辑地,均不妥。Unfortunately(不幸地)合乎句义。7 B 此句意为“在阅读时经常重读(反复读)”因此，选reread重读。reuse再使用；Rewrite改写；recite背诵。8 C scales down按比例减少；cuts down削减；此两项不合题意。measures不能与down搭配。只有slow与down搭配的意思“放慢, 减速”，在此合适。9 A 此句意为“训练快速阅读所使用的工具必然与提高阅读速度有关”，因此选accelerator (快读器)。actor演员；amplifier放大器；observer观察者。10 D 前面的faster决定了应当选than，构成比较级。11 C make impossible (使不可能) 。此句意为“快速阅读器迫使你加快阅读速度，使你再也不能逐字阅读，回顾前文内容或者默读”。 12 B 这里的意思是“速读最初会影响理解”，所以选prehension(理解力)。meaning意义，意思，指词或词组表示的意义；gist大意，要旨；regression回顾。13 C 本句中的主语是第三人称复数，物主代词必然是their。14 B take与后面的for instance构成短语，意为：“以例”，其它三项不能构成搭配。15 D 此处意为：在较短时间内，读完众多的材料。master掌握；go over复习；present呈现，展现；此三项均不妥只有get through (读完)最恰当。第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Money really cant buy happiness. According to a new survey, lawyers and _16_ well-paid white-collar workers are more likely to suffer depression. A national survey of more than 7500 professionals has found that almost one _17_ ten reported moderate (中度) to severe depressive symptoms. The legal profession had the worst result, _18_ almost 16 percent reporting symptoms of clinical depression (临床抑郁症). Next _19_(be) accountants and insurance underwriters, both on 10 percent. People in IT services, architecture and engineering also had depression rates above the average.The survey _20_ (conduct) by Beyondblue, an organization devoted to fighting depression, also showed that _21_ under 30 who had the _22_ (high) rates of depression were the most likely to “self-medicate” with drugs and alcohol. Beyondblue deputy chief executive and _23_ (psychology), Dr. Nicole Highet, said the survey was first to reveal the extent of the problem. “We often associate depression with the most socially disadvantaged and people under financial pressure, _24_ heres a whole different group.” Dr. Highet said, She said while it was difficult to know exactly _25_ made some groups more prone to depression, it was likely to bedriven by work pressures. 全解全析本文主要通过抗抑郁症组织Beyondblue开展的调查，介绍了当今社会上律师和其他一些高薪白领易患抑郁症的情况。16. other 律师和“其他的”高薪白领工作者。17. in 近“十分之一”的受访者。18. with 能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)的只有介词with。19. were 因主语accountants and insurance underwriters是复数，所以谓语动词也用复数形式。20. conducted 由conduct a survey(进行调查)可知，The survey与conduct是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作定语。21. those 宾语从句中缺主语填名词或代词，由语境可知，这里是指30岁以下的“那些人”。22. highest 从上下文意思，可以知道30岁以下的人患抑郁症的比例最高，所以要用最高级。23. psychologist 由与之并列的副首席执行官可知，应为“心理学家”。24. but 由前句的often和后面的different很易容看出前后两分句之间是转折关系。句意为：海耶特博士说：“我们常把抑郁症与最弱势的社会群体以及有经济压力的人联系在一起，但事实上是另一个完全不同的人群存在这个问题。”25. what 引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语。.阅读第一节阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。AA couple of years ago, before a trip to China, Nicole Davis and her US womens volleyball teammates were warned about the prominence (显著、突出) of coach “Jenny” Lang Ping in her native country.“I was pushed over by Chinese journalists while I was just trying to put my luggage on the bus,” said Davis.Known as the “Iron Hammer” for her punishing spikes(扣球),Lang made it possible for China to dominate in the sport in the early 1980s. She was a key player on Chinas 1984 Olympic gold medal winning team.When the US team arrived for the Olympics, Lang, 48, who is from Beijing, had to take a different route to avoid a crowd of reporters and fans.Then came the greatest moment to Lang：While the US team was playing in a packed gym, at least 8,000 Chinese fans unfurled an American flag.“That really says it all,” Davis said. “They look at her as an icon(偶像)Im sure its hard for them to see her coaching another country, but they love her so ly that her success is their success.”The loyalty of the Chinese fans was tested on Friday, when China lost a match to the US.“Its a pity that China lost the match, but Im still glad that Lang Pings team won, since she is the pride of Chinas volleyball,” said Liu Chengli, a spectator. “We also cheered for Langs victory.”Lang said she just tried to stay professional when the two teams meet. “It doesnt matter if we play China or any other team. Its the same.” Lang said.Davis said she and her teammates could not have imagined the passion for volleyball among Chinese because the sport was lack of popularity in the US. The reception from Chinese fans has touched the US players, said US volleyball player Lindsey Berg.“Its such an honor to be here and play for our coach here in China,” she said. “The amount of support that the Chinese give to her and us has been tremendous. The whole event has been unbelievable.”26Whats the passage mainly about?AStaying professional.BCheering for the Iron Hammer.CA match between China and the US.DLang Pings career as a coach.27Lang Ping avoided meeting the reporters and fans probably because she _.Awas afraid to be questioned about her strategyBdidnt want to be paid much attention toCdisliked to be with her fansDdidnt want to disturb public order28What does the underlined word “unfurled” exactly mean?Adestroyed pletelyBtore into piecesCspread out to the windDrolled up29What does Lang Ping mean by saying “It doesnt matter if we play China or any other team.”？AAmerican Volleyball Team will beat any team.BChinese Volleyball Team is the same as other teams.CShe just tried to stay professional.DThe results of each match will be the same.30What impressed the US team players most?AThe tolerance of Chinese people.BThe popularity of volleyball in China.CLang Pings coaching skills.DThe loyalty for volleyball of the Chinese. 全解全析26答案B解析本篇文章无明显的主题句,但字里行间都在讲述我国著名排球运动员,现美国女排主教练郎平带队到中国参加奥运会并受到了人们的热烈欢迎,故应选B；而D项意为“郎平的教练生涯”,显然不合题意。但多数学生误选此项,是由于只注意到了局部信息,犯了以偏赅全的错误,而没有真正理解文章主旨。27答案B解析推理判断题。从文章第四段的内容可以推断出朗平希望不要太被关注。28答案C解析词义猜测题。由文章第五段和第六段可以知道,这里的中国球迷应该是“打开、展开”了一面美国国旗,所以选C项。29答案C解析推理判断题。从文章内容可以知道,朗平认为不论是对阵中国队还是其他队,对她来说,这仅仅是一场比赛而已。由此推断选C项。30答案B解析细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段的内容可以知道,排球在中国非常受欢迎,所以选B项。BWere all connected. You can send an e-mail message to a friend, and your friend can pass it on to one of his or her friends, and that friend can do the same, continuing the chain. Eventually, your message could reach just about anyone in the world, and it might take only five to seven e-mails for the message to get there. Scientists recently tested that idea in a study involving 24,000 people. Participants had to try to get a message forwarded to one of 18 randomly chosen people. Each participant started by sending one e-mail to someone they knew. Recipients could then forward the e-mail once to someone they knew, and so on. Targets, who were randomly assigned by researchers from Columbia University in New York, lived in 13 countries. They included an Australian police officer, a Norwegian veterinarian, and a college professor. Out of 24,000 chains, only 384 reached their goal. The rest petered out, usually because one of the recipients was either too busy to forward the message or thought it was junk mail. The links that reached their goal made it in an average of 4.05 e-mails. Based on the lengths of the failed chains, the researchers estimated that two strangers could generally make contact in five to seven e-mails. The most successful chains relied on casual acquaintances rather than close friends. Thats because your close friends know each other whereas your acquaintances tend to know people you dont know. The phenomenon, known as the strength of weak ties, explains why people tend to get jobs through people they know casually but arent that close to. So, start networking and instant messaging now. As they say in show business: Its all about who you know. 31. If you want to get into touch with a stranger in the world, how many e-mails might it take for the message to reach him/her?A. 5 to 7B. 18C. 13D. 38432. Which of the following is Not true about the test?A. 24,000 people took part in the study and sent e-mails to people they knew.B. The 18 targets were chosen by chance.C. About 98.4% of the mails didnt reach their goal because some people were too busy or they mistook the message for junk mail.D. The targets e from 13 countries, such as Australia, Norway and New York.33. What does the word “estimate” mean in the passage?A. make sureB. supposeC. think overD. imagine34. Why do people tend to get jobs more easily through casual acquaintances than close friends?A. Because close friends dont talk with each other so much.B. Because casual acquaintances can help you know more people and make more friends.C. Because close friends dont spend so much time gathering together.D. Because casual acquaintances are kinder and more willing to help others.35. In which part of a newspaper will readers read this passage?A. Culture B. EntertainmentC. Information and TechnologyD. Health 全解全析本文主要讲述电子邮件将人们的联系拉近。31. A 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知。32. D 细节理解题。由第二段可知，A, B, C都正确；由第三段最后一句可知，D不正确。33. B 词义猜测题。estimate “估计”，与B选项suppose意思最接近。34. B 细节理解题。由第六段可知。35. C 推理判断题。因本文谈的e-mail与电脑有关，所以应与“信息和技术”相关。CBritish author JK Rowling was at the release of her latest Harry Potter book called “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows” at the Natural History Museum in London, Friday July 20, xx.J.K.RowlinghasbeenspottedatcafesinScotlandworkingonadetectivenovel,aBritishnewspaperreportedSaturday.TheSundayTimesnewspaperquotedIanRankin,afellowauthorandneighborofRowlings,assayingthecreatoroftheHarryPotterbooksisturningtocrimefiction.MywifespottedherwritingherEdinburghcriminaldetectivenovel,thenewspaperquotedRankinastellingareporteratanEdinburghliteraryfestival.ItisgreatthatshehasnotabandonedwritingorEdinburghcafes,saidRankin,whois knownforhisownpolicenovelssetinthehistoricScottishcity.RowlingfamouslywroteinitialdraftsofthePotterstoryintheScottishcityscafes.Backthen,shewasastrugglingsinglemotherwhowroteincafestosaveontheheatingbillathome.NowshesBritainsrichestwoman-worth$1billion,accordingtoForbesmagazine-andhersevenPotterbookshavesoldmorethan335millioncopiesworldwide.InaninterviewwithTheAssociatedPresslastmonth,RowlingsaidshebelievedshewasunlikelytorepeatthesuccessofthePotterseries,butconfirmedshehadplanstoworkonnewbooks.IlldoexactlywhatIdidwithHarry-IllwritewhatIreallywanttowrite,Rowlingsaid.36 What is JK Rowling famous for?A. detective novelsB. crime fictionC. Harry Potter booksD. love stories37 Which of the following is Not rue about Ian Rankin?A. He is a writer famous for police novels.B. Most of the stories in his novels happened in the historic Scottish city.C. It was Rankin himself who witnessed JK Rowing writing her Edinburgh criminal detective novels.D. He told the British newspaper The Sunday Times about JK Rowlings novels.38 Why did Rowling like to write the “Harry Potter stories” in the cafes?A. Because she was a romantic woman and the atmosphere in the cafes gave her lots of inspiration.B. Because she was a single mother at that time and she wanted to find a husband there.C. Because her children were so naughty at home and she had to go to a quiet place for her writing.D. Because she thought that writing in a cafes could help her save some money.39 What can we learn from the passage?A. The seven Harry Potter series made JK Rowling a success.B. JK Rowling had made enough money so she decided to stop writing.C. Rowling planned to write new books because Harry Potter was not exactly what she wanted.D. Ian Rankin and his wife earned money by telling reporters news about JK Rowling.40 What is the best title for the passage?A. Harry Potter and JK RowingB. Ian Rankin, A Neighbour of JK RowlingC. A Successful Woman JK RowlingD. JK Rowling writing Detective Novels 全解全析 本文介绍了哈利波特的作者JK Rowling被邻居发现改行写侦探小说的消息。36. C 细节理解题。她的成名作就是哈利波特系列。37. C 细节理解题。由第五段中的“said Rankin, who is known for his own police novels set in the historic Scottish city.”可知A，B是正确的；第三段中报刊引用了Rankin的话来说明JK Rowling的新动向，所以D是正确的；第四段中可知是Rankin的妻子发现JK Rowling在写犯罪小说，而不是Rankin亲自发现的，所以C不正确。38. D 细节理解题。 由第六段中的“Back then, she was a struggling single mother who wrote in cafes to save on the heating bill at home.”可知。39. A 细节理解题。 由最后两段可知选项A正确，B和C不正确，文中没提及D。40. D 主旨大意题。本文重点在说JK Rowling想写侦探小说的事，所以D最合适。DYOUR mom might cook a bowl of noodles for you on your birthday. But in the US, a mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday.Cupcakes are small, round cakes topped with frosting (糖霜). It has been an American tradition that moms bring cupcakes to the classroom to celebrate their childs birthday.But recently some doctors have called for this to be banned. They believe cupcakes contribute to child obesity.Despite their good intentions, however, some people believe that experts are interfering (妨碍) with American culture. The cupcake is seen as American as apple pie only prettier.According to Marion Nestle, a professor of nutrition at New York University, the cupcake is the most democratic (民主的) of desserts. As they are small enough for one person, you dont have to share your cupcake with anyone its all yours. They are also all the same size, so there cant be any cries of “she got the bigger piece!”Each bite can taste different depending on how much icing you have. It is a lesson in self-determination. Some people eat only a little of the frosting every time, others have it all in just one bite.In recent years, eating a cupcake has bee as trendy as having a cup of Starbucks coffee.Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton jokingly promised on a talk show that if she was elected president, she would give everyone a cupcake on her birthday.Ruth Reichl, editor-in-chief of Gourmet magazine, explains that the rise of the cupcake is very much about going back to American national identity in food, which is all about fort. “People want to think about when they and their country were innocent,” she said.41. According to the passage, it has been an American tradition that _.A. a party for children on their birthdayB. A mom cooks a bowl of noodles for her children on their birthdayC. A mom makes a cupcake for her children on their birthday and brings it to the classroomD. parents go travelling with their children on their birthday42. Why do doctors ask people to ban cupcakes on childrens birthday?A. Because they themselves dont like cupcakes.B. Because they think cupcakes are not so delicious.C. Because they believe cupcakes will cause cries of “She got the bigger piece”.D. Because they believe cupcakes are one of the causes to make children bee fat.43. Which of the following is Not true according to Marion Nestle?A. The cupcake is more democratic than any other deserts in the US.B. The cupcake is too small to share with others.C. The sizes of cupcakes are the same so its equal to everyone.D. Cupcakes will lead to child obesity so they should be banned.44. The underlined word “trendy” in paragraph 7 probably means _.A. popularB. gentleC. deliciousD. different45. Why did the writer mention Hillary Clinton and Ruth Reichl?A. To arouse the readers attention.B. To show that cupcakes are being a popular to show kindness and fort.C. To make a parison between them.D. To give readers a general idea of cupcakes. 全解全析本文介绍了美国孩子生日吃杯型蛋糕的传统。41. C 细节理解题。第二段第二句可知C正确。42. D 细节理解题。题眼在第三段第二句，关健是理解obesity的意思，文中提到顶上还有糖霜，根据常识可知obesity是“肥伴”之意。43. D 细节理解题。因第五段中，只有D不是Marion Nestle说的话。44. A 词义猜测题。根据常识coffee在西方国家是非常流行的，故trendy意为“流行的”。45. B 推理判断题。由最后两段可推知B最合适。第二节 信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）请阅读下列应用文和相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。首先，请阅读下列关于名著简写本的介绍：A. The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (C.S. Lewis) Stepping into an old wardrobe, four English schoolchildren find themselves in the magical world of Narnia. On this delightful land, they find friends among the many talking creatures. The children soon discover, however, that Narnia is ruled by the White Witch. Edmund, one of the children, falls under her power.