2019-2020年高三英语 虚拟语气复习.doc

2019-2020年高三英语 虚拟语气复习条件句 真实条件句:假设的情况是可能发生的. 虚拟条件句:假设的情况不可能发生或可能性很小.、虚拟语气在条件句中从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实可能相反If she knew as much about music as you do , my daughter would play the piano much better.You wouldnt have caught cold if you had put on more clothes.If it rained /should rain /were to rain , the crops would be saved.注意：省略if的虚拟条件句:从句谓语中有_、_、_时，可以省略if，且将其放在主语前。 If I had known, I might have joined in your discussion. _, I might have joined in your discussion.If I were in your place , I wouldnt give it up. _, I wouldnt give it up.If it should rain tomorrow ,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. _, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.Would Ma Li e to Brunei, I would meet her at the airport.(改 错)错综时态虚拟条件句 If he had followed the doctors advice, he would be quite all right now. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I hadnt fallen in love , at the age of seven, with the library in my hometown. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election , he _our chairman now. A.must have been B. would have been C. were D. would beIf you _Jerry Brown until recently , youd think the photograph on the right was strange. A. shouldnt contact B. didnt contact C. werent to contact D. hadnt contactedI would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible , but I _fully occupied the whole of last week. A. were B. had been C. have been D. wasIf you hadnt taken such a long time to get dressed, wed _there by now. A. be B. have C. are D. wereIf I had seen the movie, I _you all about it now. A. would tell B. will tell C. have told D. would have told含蓄虚拟条件句：句中不含条件句，而是通过介词短语、连词、 分词或上下文表示一个隐含的条件，常用的介词及连词有 otherwise, without , but for , under, or , but ,were it not for等。We could have done better under more favorable conditions . _we had been provided with _ _ _, We could have done better. Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she might have offered some better suggestions._Jane _ _ _ the discussion, she might have offered some better suggestions. Were it not for the snowy weather , we _all right . A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be Without electronic puters, much of todays advanced technology. A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achievedHe was very busy yesterday , otherwise he _to the meeting. A. would e B. came C. would have e D. had e-Congratulations. -Thank you .But for your help , we _in the experiment. A. will never succeed B. shouldnt have succeeded C. couldnt have succeeded D. mustnt have succeeded用if only 引出虚拟条件句，表示一个强烈的愿望。 要是我知道这个问题的答案该多好！ _ Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _your advice. A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed不用if引导的状语从句 虚拟语气除了用于if 引导的状语从句外,还可以用于as if , unless, in case , for fear , on condition 等引导的状语从句. Ill keep a seat for you in case you should change your mind. He can use the bicycle on condition that he should return it tomorrow. Hes working hard for fear that he _. A. should fall behind B. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fall behind 、虚拟语气在主语从句 谓语动词用“（should） + 动词原形” ，表示必要、重要、建议、命令、要求、需要、惊奇、怀疑、惋惜等。It is important /necessary/ strange /natural/ surprising + thatIt is a pity / a shame / no wonder + that It is suggested /ordered / demanded/ requested /decided +that It is suggested that something _ _ _(do) to reduce pollution.It is important that we _ _(unite) with all that can be united in the struggle .、虚拟语气在宾语从句wish 表示未能实现或不可能实现的愿望 谓语动词 现在不可能实现的愿望过去不可能实现的愿望将来不可能实现的愿望 I wish we had paid more attention to our pronunciation. How I wish I could fly! I wish that I _with you last night. A. went B. had gone C. could go D. could have gone I wish I _with her. A. would be B. am C. was D. were “ I wish you _me to put these things away ,”he said. A. will help B. help C. are helping D. would help would rather 表示一种主观愿望 谓语动词过去的愿望现在或将来的愿望 I would rather I hadnt told him the news. -Do you feel like walking there or shall we take a bus? - Id like to walk . But since there isnt much time left , Id rather you took a taxi.-I failed again . -Regretful now ? I would rather you _that much time on puter games. A. wont spend B. didnt spend C. havent spent D. hadnt spentId just as soon _rudely to her. A. that you wont speak B. you not speaking C. you not speak D. you didnt speakinsist / order /mand / suggest/ advise / propose / require / demand / request /ask / desire/ intend 之类表示“建议，命令，要求，欲望”等的动词后的宾语从句：谓语用（should）+动词原形The workers demanded that their pay (should ) be raised by 20.比较：Her pale face suggests that she_(be) in poor health. Why do you suggest _( sent) to work there? The young man insisted that he _(do) nothing wrong. The people present at the meeting all insisted that the river _(not pollute) again.、虚拟语气在其他句型虚拟语气在表语从句表示间接的命令，要求，请求，建议，决定等，主句的主语通常为suggestion, decision , order ,idea, advice , request , plan ,proposal 等词，从句谓语用(should)+动词原形。His suggestion is that we should hold a meeting to discuss the problem. 虚拟语气在同位语从句 当同位语从句修饰的名词为order ,suggestion ,advice, plan ,idea ,proposal等词时,谓语动词用(should)+动词原形All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory (should) be closed down.虚拟语气用于even if /though 引导的让步状语从句:谓语形式与虚拟条件句中相应的谓语形式一样.We couldnt have finished the work even if he had been here yesterday.虚拟语气用于as if/though 引导的方式状语从句或表语从句 谓语动词 现在没能实现的事情过去不能实现的事情将来不能实现的事情I remembered the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday .The man looked worried as if something would happen to him.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. Looking around the town , he felt as though he _away for ages.A. has been B. was C. is D. had been John is so strongly built that he looks as if he _an elephant.A. lifts B. is lifting C. lifted D. could lift He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _a Chinese.A. were B. had been C. is D. has been 虚拟语气在定语从句常在“It is (high) time + (that).”句型中，谓语动词用“过去式”或“should+动词原形”It is high time that you got down to your studies. It is time that the government _measures to protect the rare birds and animals.A. takes B. took C. has taken D. taking虚拟语气在简单句中的应用 情态动词过去式（would和could）用于现在时态的句子中：表示说话人的客气，、谦虚、礼貌、委婉语气等。Would you be kind enough to open the door? 过去式用在某些习惯表达法中，表示现在的情况，如:had better ,would rather 等。Which would you rather have ,tea or coffee? may置于句首表示祝愿May you be happy! 谓语动词用动词原形表示强烈的愿望或祝愿。God bless you! 练习、用正确形式填空1. I _(ask) my parents for help if I _(be ) you.2. If you _(e ) to my house yesterday , you _(see) my cousin John.3. He _(show) you the pictures he took in the summer holidays if you _(be ) to see him tomorrow . But it seems you are too busy to go.4. _Dr Smith _(travel) to Paris ,he _(take) some pictures before the Eiffel Tower.5. _I _(meet) Andy Lau some day, I _(ask) him for a signature.6. Given more time, Ben _(do) the work much better.、改错1. If I am a fish ,I could swim freely in the sea.2. If he goes to Vienna , he would go boating on the Rein.3. Are you to explore the Sahara Desert, you could see some wonderful sunsets there.4. If I could have told you about the differences between ancient China and Rome , I will have.5. Have you told me about it earlier, I would have finished the whole task before the due date.6. When Edison died ,it was suggested that the Americans turned off all power in honour of this great man .7. If he didnt choose to save the girl , he wouldnt have drowned.8. If he had lain quietly as the doctor instructed , he will suffer so much now.9. Without air, the surface of the Earth will be very hot in the day but cold at night .10. He shook his head as if he is against the plan.、句型转换用虚拟语气完成下列各句。1. Its a pity that I cant be with you in the next three months.How I wish I _ _ with you in the next three months.2. You are badly ill because you didnt see the doctor.If you _ _the doctor , you wouldnt be badly ill.3. It is wet outside . So we dont allow the children to play in the garden.If it _ _wet outside , we would allow the children to play in the garden.4. I didnt take his advice , and now I regret a lot._ _ I _ _his advice.5. We usually go to bed at 10:00 . But now its 11:30.It is _time we _to bed.6. He made many mistakes and he didnt pass the test.If he _ _many mistakes , he _ _ _the test .同义句改写。1. If it were not for the rain , the crops would die .The crops would die _ _ _.2. If they hadnt offered us potatoes they offered, we would have died._ _the potatoes they offered, we would have died.3. How I wish it were Sunday today._ _it were Sunday today.4. If Tom had e , we would have caught the thief._ Tom _, we would have caught the thief.、单项选择1. He was denied by the university this semester, but if he _before August 15, he _. A. applied ; would be accepted B. applied; had been accepted C. had applied; should have been accepted D. had applied ; would have been accepted2._ for the doctors careful treatment , he _ till last year. A. If it is not ; cant live B. Were it not ; couldnt live C. Had it not been; couldnt have lived D. If they were not; couldnt live3._listened to me , Thomas would not have failed in the exam. A. If he has B. Had he C. If he D. As soon as4. We missed you at this mornings meeting , Charles. -Im sorry , but if I _to meet a friend , I _there. A. were not to have ; would be B. shouldnt have ; would have been C. hadnt had ; would have been D. hadnt had ; should be5. If Williams _ here last Sunday, he _me from losing my temper. A. had been ; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented6. If I had worn my overcoat , I _ a cold . A. wont have caught B. wont catch C. couldnt have caught D. wouldnt catch7. If it _ another five minutes , the concert would have been postponed. A. had rained B. would have rained C. have rained D. rained8. If the safety precautions against the accidents _, the miners _ a chance of surviving then. A. were taken; would have B. were taken ; will have C. had been taken ; didnt have D. had been taken ; would have had9. I have no time now. If I _time , I _fishing with you. A. had ; may go B. had had ; would have gone C. had; would go D. have ; shall go 10.If you _ here a bit earlier, you would have caught the train. A. had arrived B. arrived C. would arrive D. arrive11. If I _in the 21st century , I _my holiday in a very different way. A. well live; should spend B. are living; should have spent C. will be living ; would have spent D. should live; would spend12. _, I would take an umbrella with me. A. Had I been you B. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you 13. If I _out of ink, I might have finished writing the paper. A. hadnt run B. shouldnt run C. didnt run D. havent run14. _the work , he would do it some other way. A. Was he doing B. If he does C. Were he to do D. If he is doing15. Did you go to see the football match yesterday? -No . I didnt feel well , but I would have gone if I _. A. did B. would C. had D. have16. It would be impossible for him to leave hospital tomorrow if he _first aid when the accident happened. A . hadnt been given B. wasnt be given C. shouldnt be given D. wouldnt be given17. Jack cant have arrived , otherwise he _ me. A. would have telephoned B. would telephone C. must have telephoned D. should have telephoned18.A few minutes earlier and we _ the train. A. have caught B. had caught C. could have caught D. were to caught 19.The boy died in the hospital . He _if he _to hospital two hours earlier. A. might have save; was sent B. could have saved; had sent C. could have been saved; had been sent D. had been saved ; would be sent20. Recently quite a lot of experts _that another law on wildlife protection_ as soon as possible. A. suggested; must be passed B. have suggested; be passed C. were suggesting; was passed D. suggested ; being passed21.If you _that movie last night , you wouldnt be so sleepy now. A. havent watched B. didnt watch C. hadnt watched D. wouldnt have watched22.He _ the job well, but he _so careless. A. had done ; had been B. could do ; was C. could have done; was D. hadnt done ; had been23. -Look at the black clouds. It _soon. -Sure . If only we _out/ A. is raining ; didnt start B. is to rain ; wont start C. will rain; havent started D. is going to rain ; hadnt started24.Look at the terrible situation I am in ! If only I _your advice. A. follow B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed25.Im glad I went over all my notes ,otherwise _. A.I may have failed B. Id fail C. Id have failed D. Ill have failed 26. Dont you think it necessary that he _to the USA to study? -I agree, but the problem is _he has refused to. A. will be sent; that B. be sent; that C. should be sent ; what D. should send ; what27. Some women _a good salary in a job instead of staying at home , but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. A. could have made B. should have made C. would make D. must make 28. Thomas sometimes wishes that he _in a small town . A. not live B. had not lived C. does not live D. were not living29. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _badly wounded and that he _at once . A. should be ; be operated on B. were; must be operated on C. was ; should be operated D. was ; be operated on 30. His failure in the experiment suggested that he _his teachers proper instructions. A. should not have followed B. should not follow C. must have followed D. hadnt followed