《可数名词与不可数》PPT课件.ppt

可数名词与不可数名词,HF02 Cheer,1.可数名词,能独立存在的个体人、事物和以集体形式出现的人、事物。,个体名词,集体名词,2.可数名词的用法,当人或事物只有一个的时候，成为单数。习惯上，我们用a ,an 或 one 来表示这种单个的数量。,a peach,a strawberry,a watermelon,a cherry,an ice-cream,an egg,an apple,an orange,4.可数名词的构成和用法,1)一般在名词的后面加上-s,在清辅音后发-s,在浊辅音和元音后发-z.如：,a biscuit,five biscuits -s,a watermelon,three watermelons-z,a pear,eleven pears-z,2) 以-ch,-sh,-s,-x结尾的单数名词后加-es,读作-iz.如：,a bus,three buses -iz,a peach,two peaches -iz,3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的单数名词，把y改成i, 再加-es, 读作-iz.如：,a city,two cities-iz,4)以-o 结尾的，有的加-s,有的加-es,读作-z.如：,a tomato,two tomatoes -z,a radio,two radios -z,5)以-f或-fe结尾的，有的直接加-s,有的改-f或-fe为-v,再加-es,读作-vz.如：,a leaf,two leaves -vz,a knife,four knives -vz,6)少数名词的复数形式是不规则变化,a man,two men,a child,two children,a sheep,two sheep,four people,3.不可数名词,1) 物质类不可数名词：,液体类不可数名词： tea, ink, juice, coffee,B.食品类不可数名词： fish, chicken, chocolate, honey,2) 抽象名词：,work, wealth, homework,a glass of orange juice,a cup of tea,a glass of milk,a bowl of soup,water,some fish,some beef,some bread,a bowl of rice,1.不可数名词没有复数形式,rice(不能说rices),bread(不能说breads),2.不可数名词前面一般不直接加a或an，但可用不同的量词来搭配,a box of milk(不能说a milk),a bottle of water(不能说a water),3.some,any可以与不可数名词连用,some tea some bread,4.不可数名词只作单数看待,1)Some soup is in the bowl.,2)A: Whats on the plate? B: Theres some chicken.,这些不可数名词你都记住了吗？,4.名词的单复数与主谓一致,普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，而可数名词和又有单复数之分。名词的数与主语有什么关系呢？,A: Whats this? B: Its an egg.,A: What are those in the basket? B: They are grapes.,A: Guess whats in the glass? B: There is some coke.,Oh,我明白了，谓语是随名词数的变化而变化，名词的数与谓语保持一致，即主谓一致。,1)当名词是单数时，谓语用单数形式。 There is a cake on the plate.,2)当名词是复数时，谓语用复数形式。 There are two biscuits on the plate.,3)不可数名词当作单数对待。 There is some beef on the plate.,