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Welcome,Learning Aims: 1. To summarize and review the the Attributive Clause. 2. To master The Attributive Clause.,The Attributive Clause 定语从句,一、定语 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。,his desk Toms father a beautiful city three teachers women teachers in the room above a developing country a developed country There is nothing to do today. an article about how to learn English a city which is beautiful,物主代词,形容词,名词,现在分词,过去分词,不定式,介词短语,从句,名词所有格,数词,副词,二 定语从句,1. 含义 修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词之后。,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,修饰girl,This is the classroom where we study.,修饰classroom,2. 如何改写成定语从句？,写法： 找出两个简单句的共有成分； 将从句中的共有成分去掉； 用关系词引导剩下的从句，并紧接在被修饰词之后,I love the girl. The girl has long hair.,I love the girl who has long hair.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,3. 相关术语,关系代词,关系副词,which, who, whom, whose, that, as,Where, when, why,5. 关系代词,Look at the kites which are flying in the sky. The pen which Im using is pretty good. The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker. The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher. Whos the boy that is reading a book? Can you show me the photo that you like best? I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. The house whose windows are closed is mine.,which：指物，作主语或宾语,who：指人，作主语；whom：指人，做宾语,whose：指人或物，做定语,that：指人或物，作主语或宾语,做题技巧： 1. 确定定语从句 2.看先行词是指人还是指物 3. 确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分 4. 确定关系代词,The boys _are playing football are from Class One. Football is a game _is liked by most boys.,who,which/ that,1. Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 2. Yesterday I helped an old man _ had lost his way. 3. Mr. Liu is the person _ you talked about on the bus. 4. Li Ming is just the boy _ I want to see. 5. The factory _ makes computers is far away from here. 6. He likes to read books _ are written by Shakespeare. 7. This is the pen _ he bought yesterday.,who,who,whom,whom,Which/ that,Which/that,Which/ that,8. The number of people _ come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 9. Where is the man _ I saw this morning? 10. The season _ comes after spring is summer. 11. I visited a scientist _ name is known all over the country. 12. Do you like the book _ cover is yellow? 13. The classroom _ door is broken will soon be repaired.,who,whom,Which/ that,whose,whose,whose,Could you still remember the time when the train left ? This is the factory where my father works? Do you know the reason why he was late for school?,when the train left,the time,the factory,where my father,works?,the reason,why he was,late for school?,when,where,why,（指时间，作状语）,（指地点，作状语）,（指原因，作状语）,6. 关系副词,1. The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable. 2. I dont know the reason _ he quarreled with you. 3. Ill never forget the day _ we spent together. 4. Ill remember the day _ we stayed together. 5. This is the hotel _ we visited last year. 6. This is the hotel _ Lincoln once lived.,总结： 关系代词和关系副词的选择关键看关系词 在定语从句中做的成分而定。,why,that/which,that/which,when,that/which,where,关系代词和关系副词的区别,1. The reason _ he gave us sounded reasonable. 2. I dont know the reason _ he quarreled with you. 3. Ill never forget the day _ we spent together. 4. Ill remember the day _ we stayed together. 5. This is the hotel _ we visited last year. 6. This is the hotel _ Lincoln once lived.,总结关系词的用法：,关系词在定语从句中做_时，用关系代词(which, who, whom, that, whose)引导定语从句。 关系词在定语从句中做_时，用关系副词(when, where, why)引导定语从句。,主语、宾语、或定语,状语,注意事项,当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage, degree，occasion等词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where。,He had to face the condition where pressure was heavy. They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other. Its helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.,当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage, degree，occasion等词，表示情况、方面、处境时用关系副词where。, that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is the very book that belongs to him.,(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。,(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。,7. that 和 which 的区别：,(5)先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。. (6)先行词是who或who引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished (7)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that. Which is the book that you bought last week? (8)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语时，关系代词用that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago. (9)主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didnt know the thing.,下列情况不能使用that,而用which that 不能引导非限制性定语从句 Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用which,指人用whom） The person _I am speaking just now is our English teacher. The prize _he worked so hard was a new bicycle.,to whom,for which,4. 分类,限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 分割性定语从句,定语从句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,Last night I saw a very good film, which was about the Long March.,She is doing experiments in the lab which are important to her research.,1) 限定性定语从句: 紧跟先行词无逗号和主句隔开,2) 非限定性定语从句: 有逗号与先行词隔开,3) 分隔定语从句: 定语从句和先行词间有其他成分隔开,1. God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 2. He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。 3. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。,
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