2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 专题五 非谓语动词分层训练.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 专题五 非谓语动词分层训练专题五 分层训练知能双升高考回顾1_(ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.解析：句意：那天晚上我因被要求加班错过了一场好看的电影。考查非谓语动词作原因状语的用法。非谓语动词与主语I之间为逻辑上的被动关系，又因ask先于missed发生，故用现在分词的完成被动式。答案：Having been asked2He got up late and hurried to his office, _(leave) the breakfast untouched.解析：句意：他起晚了，然后匆忙赶去办公室，早饭根本没动。根据句子结构可知空格处的非谓语动词和逻辑主语he是主动关系，所以此处用现在分词leaving作结果状语。答案：leaving3_(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.解析：句意：更多地凭借情感而不是理智作重要决定，你迟早会后悔的。本题中既无从属连词又无并列连词，由此可见设空处为非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语you与base之间为逻辑上的主动关系。答案：Basing4_(use) with care, one tin will last for six weeks.解析：句意：如果小心使用，一罐可维持6个星期。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。空格处的非谓语动词与逻辑主语one tin之间为被动关系。答案：Used5When _(ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.解析：句意：当被问及对他的教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他发现教学非常有趣而且很值得做。主语Philip与ask之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。When asked相当于状语从句When he was asked。答案：asked6The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _(watch) anything that happened to be on.解析：句意：每天晚上这个老人都坐在电视机前，高兴地看着电视上正好在演的任何东西。表示情感的词如happy，glad等后用动词不定式作状语。答案：to watch7_(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.解析：句意：这所学校建立于20世纪早期，一直激励孩子们热爱艺术。该空在句中作状语，与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系。答案：Founded8_(stay) warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.解析：句意：为了在夜里取暖，我总是把火炉填满，然后把闹钟设定在午夜，以便我能再填满一次。根据语境可知设空处表示目的。答案：To stay9The sun began to rise in the sky, _(bathe) the mountain in golden light.解析：句意：太阳开始在空中升起，使山峦沐浴在金色光辉之中。主语the sun与bathe(使沐浴)之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故填bathing。本句中bathing相当于and bathed。答案：bathing10Lionel Messi, _(set) the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.解析：句意：里奥内尔梅西创下了年度进球最多的纪录，因此他被认为是欧洲最有天赋的足球运动员。根据句子结构可知设空处要用非谓语动词作状语，set和主语Lionel Messi之间是主动关系，而且该动作先于is considered发生，所以用having done形式。答案：having set11A good listener takes part in the conversation, _(offer) ideas and raising questions to keep the talk flowing.解析：句意：一个好的听众会参与对话，他提出观点和问题以使谈话保持流畅。offering与raising为并列关系。答案：offering12I stopped the car _(take) a short break as I was feeling tired.解析：句意：由于感到累了，我就停下车来稍微休息了一下。根据语境可知设空处作目的状语。答案：to take13_(eat) at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again.解析：句意：因为之前在这家自助餐厅吃过饭，所以Tina再也不想去那儿吃了。本题考查非谓语动词作原因状语。主语Tina与eat之间为逻辑上的主动关系，再根据语境可知空格处的动作应该发生在句子谓语动词didnt want to eat之前，故用现在分词的完成式。答案：Having eaten14I got to the office earlier that day, _(catch) the 7：30 train from Paddington.解析：句意：那天我比平时到办公室的时间要早，因为我赶上了7：30从帕丁顿开来的火车。I是catch的逻辑主语，两者之间是主动关系；having caught是现在分词的完成式，表示该动作先于句子谓语动词动作发生，在此处作原因状语，符合语境。答案：having caught15The sunlight is white and blinding, _(throw) hardedged shadows on the ground.解析：句意：阳光又亮又刺眼，把棱角分明的影子留在了地面上。主语the sunlight与throw之间为逻辑上的主动关系，并且由句意可判断设空处作伴随状语，所以用现在分词形式。答案：throwing考点二非谓语动词作定语1Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _(make) at the meeting will influence the future of our pany.解析：句意：我们半个小时以后开会。即将在会上作出的决定将会影响我们公司的未来。根据题干中的in half an hour和will influence可知是即将作出的决定，故答案为to be made。答案：to be made2John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _(offer) him it.解析：句意：约翰的确得到了这份工作，因为他给我看了提供他工作的正式信函了。the official letter与offer之间为逻辑上的主动关系。答案：offering3After pleting and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _(provide)解析：句意：在填完表格并署名以后，请把它放在提供的信封里返还到我们这里。设空处的非谓语动词和envelope之间是被动关系。答案：provided4The lecture, _(start) at 7：00 pm. last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.解析：句意：讲座于昨晚7点开始，接下来是用望远镜观测月球。被修饰词the lecture与start(不及物动词)之间为逻辑上的主动关系，现在分词短语starting at 7：00 pm last night相当于一个非限制性定语从句which started at 7：00 pm last night。答案：starting5Birds singing is sometimes a warning to other birds _(stay) away.解析：句意：鸟的歌声有的时候是警告其他鸟与之保持距离。warning后通常跟不定式作定语，表示“的警告”。答案：to stay6The witnesses _(question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.解析：句意：警察刚才询问的那些证人对这次斗殴事件给出的描述大相径庭。空格处的非谓语动词和被修饰词the witnesses之间是被动关系且表示完成，故用过去分词形式作定语。答案：questioned7The airport _(plete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.解析：句意：明年即将竣工的机场将有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。动词不定式的被动式to be done在此作后置定语，表示“将被的”。答案：to be pleted8You cannot accept an opinion _(offer) to you unless it is based on facts.解析：句意：你不能接受别人提供给你的意见，除非它有事实依据。offer与其逻辑主语an opinion之间为被动关系且表示完成，故用过去分词形式作定语。答案：offered9Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail _(wait) for her.解析：句意：Laura去巴黎待了一周多的时间。当她返回家的时候，有一堆邮件等着她(处理)。因为wait“等待”与mail“邮件”之间为主动关系，所以用wait的现在分词形式waiting，相当于定语从句that was waiting for her。答案：waiting10The room is empty except for a bookshelf _(stand) in one corner.解析：句意：除了在一个角落里立着的一个书架外，这个房间空空如也。被修饰词为a bookshelf，stand与bookshelf之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式作定语。答案：standing11In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _(use) in daily conversations.解析：句意：在有些语言中，100个词就占了日常对话用词的50%。use和words是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式作定语。答案：used12Volunteering gives you a chance _(change) lives, including your own.解析：句意：志愿者工作让你有一个可以改变生活的机会，包括你自己的生活。被修饰词chance为抽象名词，通常情况下由不定式作后置定语，表示“的机会”。答案：to change考点三非谓语动词作宾语、补语、主语、表语1Having finished her project, she was invited by the school _(speak) to the new students.解析：句意：完成了她的项目后，她应学校的邀请给新生演讲。本题考查非谓语动词作主语补足语。根据“invite sb.to do sth.sb.be invited to do sth.邀请某人做某事/某人被邀请去做某事”，可知应该用不定式。答案：to speak2The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _(follow) them.解析：句意：这对老夫妇经常晚饭后在公园散步，他们的宠物狗跟着他们。考查非谓语动词作宾补。在with复合结构中，非谓语动词的逻辑主语their pet dog与follow是主动关系。答案：following3Weve had a good start, but next, more work needs _(do) to achieve the final success.解析：句意：我们已经有了一个很好的开始，但是为了取得最后的成功，接下来会有更多的工作需要去做。考查非谓语动词作宾语。more work与do之间为逻辑上的被动关系，动词need后加不定式的被动式(to be done)或动名词的主动式(doing)表示被动。答案：to be done/doing4China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from _(attack) in the South China Sea.解析：句意：最近，中国加强了对黄岩岛附近水域的管控，以防止中国渔船在南海受到攻击。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。prevent sb./sth.from doing为常用结构，逻辑主语Chinese fishing boats与空格处非谓语动词之间为被动关系。答案：being attacked5One learns a language by making mistakes and _(correct) them.解析：句意：一个人语言的学习是通过不断地犯错误并改正错误来实现的。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。介词by后为动名词making，and表示并列关系，因此and前后的非谓语动词形式应保持一致。答案：correcting6I remembered _(lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.解析：句意：离开办公室之前，我记着要锁门了，但是忘了关灯。考查非谓语动词作宾语的用法。remember to do sth.记着要做某事，根据语境可知空格处为“to lock”。答案：to lock7Let those in need _(understand) that we will go all out to help them.解析：句意：让那些需要帮助的人们明白，我们会竭尽全力去帮助他们。宾语those与understand为逻辑上的主动关系，且let后加省略to的不定式作宾补。答案：understand8Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _(reduce) to ruins, the city took on a new look.解析：句意：在经历了一次强烈地震化为废墟之后不久，那座城市呈现出了新面貌。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语。设空处与suffering from .并列，作介词after的宾语，所以要用doing的形式；根据短语reduce sb./sth.to sth.使某人/某事物陷入更坏的境地，可知主语the city和reduce之间是被动关系，所以要用being done的形式。答案：being reduced9_(hear) how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.解析：句意：聆听别人对你刚才所读的书的反应会增加额外的乐趣。本题考查非谓语动词作主语。答案：Hearing10The engine just wont start. Something seems _(go) wrong with it.解析：句意：发动机就是启动不起来。看来它是出毛病了。本题考查非谓语动词作表语。seem后接不定式，根据发动机不能启动的事实，说明发动机已经出现了问题，所以用不定式的完成式。答案：to have gone11When we saw the road _(block) with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.解析：句意：当我们看到马路被大雪堵住时，我们决定在家度过假期。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。非谓语动词的逻辑主语为road，两者为被动关系。答案：blocked专题模拟考点一非谓语动词作状语1People from all the corners came to the city center, _(make) it very crowded.解析：句意：来自各个角落的人都来到了市中心，这使市中心非常拥挤。本题考查非谓语动词作结果状语。make与前面的句子为逻辑上的主动关系，故答案为making。答案：making2_(take) according to the instructions, the medicine will work for your headache.解析：句意：按说明吃药，这药会对你的头疼有效。本题考查非谓语动词作条件状语。take与主语the medicine之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故答案为taken。答案：Taken3He survived the crash, only _(die) in the desert.解析：句意：飞机失事他逃过一劫，但却在沙漠中丧了生。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。“only不定式”表示事与愿违的结果。答案：to die4It is typical of students to stay up _(read) deep into the night for the final exam.解析：句意：为了期末考试学生们总是熬夜读书直到深夜。stay up与设空处间没有并列连词，故判断设空处需为非谓语动词作状语。stay up与read同时发生，故答案为reading。答案：reading5The speaker, Professor Davie, _(know) for his impressive achievements in physics, was warmly received by all the students in our school.解析：句意：Davie教授因他在物理方面骄人的成就而闻名。作为演讲者，他受到了我们学校全体学生的热情接待。主语the speaker与know为逻辑上的被动关系，故答案为known。答案：known6._(amaze) at his final score, he decided to treat himself to a big dinner.解析：句意：得知自己的最终分数后，他喜出望外决定吃顿大餐来犒劳自己。此处表示“人”喜出望外，故用amazed。答案：Amazed7.Li Chen and Fan Bingbing have fallen in love with each other, _(make) a hot topic in the entertainment industry.解析：句意：李晨和范冰冰相爱了，这成了娱乐界的一个热门话题。此题考查非谓语动词作结果状语。此处也可用一个非限制性定语从句来表达。答案：making8._(judge) from his accent, he is from the south of China.解析：句意：从他的口音判断，他来自中国南方。judging from为独立成分，意为：根据判断。Judging from作状语时不必考虑它和句子主语是主动关系还是被动关系。答案：Judging9._(struggle) with depression, eating disorders and alcohol abuse for years, he now understands how important being healthy is.解析：句意：在与抑郁、进食障碍和酗酒抗争多年后，他现在知道了健康的重要性。此题考查非谓语动词作状语。struggle与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系；又因为struggle表示的动作应发生在understands之前，所以用现在分词的完成式，故填Having struggled。答案：Having struggled10._(give) a push, an object will move forward and do work.解析：句意：施加一个推力，物体就会向前移动并做功。主语an object与give之间为被动关系，且表示条件，故用过去分词作状语。答案：Given考点二非谓语动词作定语1The quarrel _(lead) to the fight started from their disbelief in each other.解析：句意：造成打架的那场争执源于他们彼此间的不信任。被修饰词为the quarrel，与lead之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。答案：leading2It is said that sixty percent of all energy _(produce) in the world today is being lost as waste heat.解析：句意：据说现在世界上被生产的所有能源中有百分之六十正被作为废热而丢失掉。被修饰词energy与produce之间为逻辑上的被动关系且表示完成，故用过去分词形式。答案：produced3Experts insist that packets of cigarettes e with a health warning _(attach) to them.解析：句意：专家坚持认为香烟的包装要附带健康警告。考查with复合结构中的过去分词作定语。health warning与attach之间为被动关系，所以填attached。答案：attached4Yanan, a city _(locate) in northern Shaanxi province, has seen great progress in its tourism industry over the past few years.解析：句意：延安，坐落在陕西省北部的一座城市，在过去的几年中见证了该地旅游业的巨大发展。被修饰词a city与locate之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故答案为located。答案：located5His first book _(publish) next month is based on a true story.解析：句意：他下个月要出版的第一本书是根据一个真实的故事写的。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词his first book与publish之间为逻辑上的被动关系，又根据next month可推知设空处表示将来，故答案为to be published.答案：to be published6.Any danger for the patient _(operate) on by Dr. Smith?Hard to say. Doctors are trying their best.解析：句意：由史密斯大夫主刀的那个病人有危险吗？很难说。医生们正在全力以赴。设空处作the patient的定语。根据语境可知，设空处表示被动且正在进行，故用being operated作定语。答案：being operated7.Amy, please tell the people seated and _(wait) for their turns to e to my office five minutes later.解析：句意：埃米，请告诉坐等轮到他们的人们五分钟以后来我办公室。设空处与seated一起作the people的定语。the people与wait之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且设空处表示正在进行，故用现在分词waiting作定语。答案：waiting8.There are more than 740 million Chinese _(expose) to secondhand smoking in public places now.解析：句意：目前在公共场所有超过7.4亿的中国人在吸二手烟。被修饰词more than 740 million Chinese与expose为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。答案：exposed9.Li Na, the first _(achieve) a ranking of world No.2 in Asia, retired from tennis in September.解析：句意：亚洲第一个获得世界排名第二的网球选手李娜在九月份退役了。被修饰词为序数词且与作定语的非谓语动词在逻辑上为主动关系时，需用不定式作定语。答案：to achieve10.The poor girl appeared so frightened. She must have seen something _(frighten) on her way home.解析：句意：那个可怜的女孩儿看上去如此恐惧。她一定是在回家的路上看到了什么可怕的东西。frightening令人害怕的。此处表示令人害怕的事，故用现在分词作不定代词something的定语。答案：frightening考点三非谓语动词作宾语、补语、主语、表语1My daughter stopped screaming immediately and looked up at me with tears _(roll) down her cheeks.解析：句意：我的女儿立即停止了喊叫，她抬头看着我，眼泪沿着她的面颊掉了下来。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。with的宾语tears与roll之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且表示正在进行，故答案为rolling。答案：rolling2How did you know the surprising news?I happened _(cover) the event then.解析：句意：你是如何得知那个令人惊奇的消息的？我当时碰巧正在报道那件事。happen作“碰巧”讲，后面需用不定式作宾语，又根据句意可知设空处表示正在进行，故答案为to be covering。答案：to be covering3The shop owner will get all these goods ordered _(deliver) to the customers today.解析：句意：这位店主今天将把所有这些订货送到顾客手中。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。首先要弄清题干中的ordered为后置定语，修饰these goods，设空处作宾补。宾语goods与deliver间为逻辑上的被动关系，故答案为delivered，构成get sth.done形式。答案：delivered4._(municate) on WeChat is a mon phenomenon, and more people hardly write letters.解析：句意：通过微信进行交流是一个普遍的现象，更多的人几乎不写信。设空处在本句中作主语，且句子是在介绍一种现象，故用动名词作主语。答案：municating5.If you have your kid _(behave) so badly, he may not get along well with others.解析：句意：如果你任由你的孩子这么没礼貌，他可能不会与他人和睦相处。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。宾语your kid与behave之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。答案：behaving6.With the exam _(take) place in ten minutes, they were asked to hand in their mobile phones.解析：句意：还有十分钟考试就要开始了，所以他们被要求交出他们的手机。此题考查非谓语动词作宾补。with的宾语the exam与take place为逻辑上的主动关系且表示将来，故用不定式作宾补。答案：to take7.What has made him so knowledgeable?_(expose) to domestic and foreign classics.解析：句意：是什么使他这么知识渊博的？接触国内外的经典作品。本题考查非谓语动词作主语，故设空处应该用动名词；be exposed to为固定短语，意为：接触。答案：Being exposed8I regret _(inform) you that your application has not been successful.Not successful? I performed pretty well in my interview!解析：句意：我很遗憾地通知你，你的申请没有成功。没成功？在面试中我表现得很出色呀！当某一动作后于regret时，regret后需加to do作宾语；当某一动作先于regret时，regret后需加doing/having done/to have done作宾语。本句中inform后于regret，故用to do形式作宾语。答案：to inform探究提升1.Ive worked with different kinds of people before, so I know what _(do) in my new job.解析：空格前面出现了特殊疑问词what，what to do在句中作know的宾语，what作不定式to do的逻辑宾语构成不定式的复合结构。答案：to do2_(weigh) the advantages against the disadvantages, I decided to take up the job as an assistant in the shop.解析：句意：权衡了利弊之后，我决定开始在这个商店当一名助理。根据句意可知，weigh所表示的动作先于decided所表示的动作，故此处用现在分词的完成式作状语。答案：Having weighed3_(lose) in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.解析：be lost in sth.为固定搭配，意为“全神贯注，沉浸于”。过去分词短语Lost in thought在句中作原因状语。答案：Lost4_(dress) in her favorite skirt, she seemed to be more confident.解析：句意：穿着她最喜欢的裙子，她看起来更自信了。be dressed in“穿着”，表示一种状态，故用过去分词作状语。答案：Dressed5Almost all metals are good conductors, silver _(be) the best of all.解析：句中的两部分由逗号分隔，无连词，逗号前面是含有谓语动词的句子，逗号后的部分有主语silver，由此可推断逗号后需要用独立主格形式。本句Almost all metals are good conductors，and silver is the best of all，故用现在分词构成独立主格。句意：几乎所有的金属都是良好的导体，其中银是最好的。答案：being6The light in the office is still on.Oh, I forgot _(turn) it off.解析：句意：办公室的灯还亮着。噢，我忘记关灯了。此处用动词不定式作宾语。forget to do sth.表示“忘记去做某事”；forget doing sth.表示“忘记做过某事”。答案：to turn7_(walk) in the street yesterday, I saw a friend of mine.解析：此题应该填Walking作状语。受句中时间状语yesterday的干扰，很多学生会误填Walked。因为句中没有连词，所以应该将所填词写成非谓语动词形式，又因I与walk之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填Walking。答案：Walking8The railway bridge _(plete ) by xx will provide a faster route to convey goods.解析：根据空后面的时间状语by xx可知，动作是表示将来的，句子的主语与所填词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，所以此处应该用动词不定式的被动语态作后置定语修饰The railway bridge。答案：to be pleted9A student will be immediately punished if he is found _(smoke) in the school.解析：主语he与动词smoke之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以要用动词的ing形式作主语补足语。句意：如果有学生被发现在学校吸烟，那么他将立即受到惩罚。答案：smoking10_(improve ) the workers working efficiency, the manager will permit them to have a coffee break.解析：句意：为了提高工人的工作效率，经理允许他们有一个休息时间。根据句意可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。答案：To improve11A simple 30minute operation _(develop) by scientists now is hoped to cure blindness in six years.解析：此处是动词ing形式的被动式作定语，根据时间状语now可知，此处develop这个动作正在进行，又因为operation与develop之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处用现在分词的被动语态。答案：being developed12The government has done everything that it can _(save) the buried miners.解析：此句can后省略了do，原句结构为：The government has done everything that it can do to save the buried miners.本题易误认为情态动词后接动词原形而填save。句意：政府已经做了所有能做的事来解救被埋的矿工。答案：to save13He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _(lose) the good opportunity.解析：risk后面须接动词ing形式，故应填losing。答案：losing14The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _(lay) for a meal to be cooked.解析：with复合结构的构成是“with宾语宾语补足语”，由于table与lay之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空格处用过去分词。答案：laid15What made you worried?Our not _(know) how to help the people in the snowstorm in the South.解析：句意：什么使你们担心？我们不知道怎样去帮助南方暴风雪中的人们。此处是省略结构，是动名词的复合结构作主语，其完整形式为“Our not knowing how. South made us worried.”。答案：knowing16_(admit) to a key university, all the students in Senior 3 are making great efforts to study.解析：句意：为了能被重点大学录取，所有高三的学生都在努力学习。根据句子结构可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，由于students与admit之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。答案：To be admitted17Nearly everybody looks forward to _(educate) in a wellknown university.解析：look forward to意为“盼望”，其中to是介词，后边需要接动词ing形式作宾语。educate与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以需要用被动语态。答案：being educated18When _(ask ) about his ments on the mine accident, the boss said much remained to be done to make it clear.解析：the boss和ask之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。when引导的状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，且含有be动词时，常可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，该省略句可以还原为“When he was asked about his ments on the mine accident”。答案：asked19Paul doesnt have to be made _(learn). He always works hard.解析：make后接动词不定式作宾补时需要省掉to，但是此处make用于被动语态，应该要还原to。答案：to learn20_(remind) not to drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.解析：句意：尽管被提醒不要酒后开车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。remind和主语some drivers之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词作状语。答案：Reminded