2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解月练（1）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解月练（1） 史地自然型阅读理解(二)Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grasseating animals. Holly leaves on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grasses may contain a sandy material; eating such grasses wears down the animals teeth.Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom (毒液). A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.1The holly plant has more spines on the lower leaves because most animals_Aare not tall enoughBlike the lower leaves onlyCare not clever enoughDcan get the lower leaves easily2To defend themselves, oak trees use_Achemical meansBphysical meansCbitter chemicalsDsandy materials3How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar?AIts leaves fight against the attack by physical means.BIts roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar.CIts roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked.DIts leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away.4What would be the best title for this passage?APlants and animalsBHow plants defend themselvesCAttacks and defensesDHow animals eat plant leaves【要点综述】本文主要讲述的是不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的。1D细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“For example，the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grasseating animalsbecause the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.”可知D项正确。2B细节理解题。根据第三段中“Some plants，such as the oak tree，have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.”可知。故B项正确。3C细节理解题。根据第四段中“When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf，the leaf produces a chemical messenger.This messenger sends to the roots the information to produce more nicotine.”可知树根分泌出更多的nicotine。故C项正确。4B主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的。故B项正确。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Linda Evans was my best friend like the sister I never had. We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special times like my wedding and Lindas. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back，stamped “Address Unknown”. I had no idea about how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day, I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman Lindas married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans.” I thought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.”Minutes later I heard a voice that I recognized at once, even after 40 years. We laughed and cried and caught up on each others lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And theres one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We wont lose each other again!26. The writer went to piano lessons with Linda Evans _.A. at the age of 13 B. before she got marriedC. after they moved to new homes D. before the writers family moved away【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据开始的时候作者与Linda总是一起去上钢琴课、看电影、游泳、骑马等，但后来在作者13岁的时候，作者一家搬走了，两人只能通过书信联系。故选D。27. They didnt often write to each other because they _.A. got married B. had little time to do soC. didnt like writing letters D. could see each other on special time【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第2段中的Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often根据文可知，她们之所以没经常写信，是因为她们要忙于照顾孩子，又要搬新家，也就是说，她们没有时间写信。28. There was an empty place in the writers heart because she _.A. was in troubleB. didnt know Lindas addressC. received the card that she sentD. didnt have a friend like Linda to share her happiness and sadness【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died.作者没有像琳达这样的朋友来分享她的快乐和悲伤，故选D。29. The writer was happy when she _.A. read the newspaperB. heard Lindas voice on the phoneC. met a young woman who looked a lot like LindaD. wrote to the woman whose last name was Wagman【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。真正让作者感到高兴的是当她在电话上听到老朋友Linda的声音的时候。而读到报纸的时候和写信的时候都还只是在猜测，那时还谈不上高兴。故选B。30. They havent kept in touch _.A. for about 40 years B. for about 27 yearsC. since they got married D. since the writers family moved away【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years可知她们40年没有联系了，故选A。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap. Some call it the summer learning setback. Simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget. The only thing they might gain is weight. Most American schools follow a traditional nine-month calendar. Students get winter and spring breaks and about ten weeks of summer vacation. Some schools follow a year-round calendar. They hold classes for about eight weeks at a time, with a few weeks off in between. The National Association for Year-Round Education says there were fewer than three thousand such schools at last count. They were spread among forty-six of the fifty states.But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school. Lead researcher Paul von Hippel said, “Year-round schools dont really solve the problem of the summer learning setback. They simply spread it out across the year.”Across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students. Experts say this can be prevented. They note that many schools and local governments offer programs that can help.But calling them “summer school” could be a problem. The director of the summer learning center at Johns Hopkins, Ron Fairchild, said research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term “summer school”. In American culture, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood. The parents weled other terms like “summer camp”, “enrichment”, “extra time” and “hands-on learning”.31. According to the first paragraph the summer learning gap .A. helps children to gain weightB. leads children to work harderC. improves childrens memoriesD. affects childrens regular studies【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据Simply speaking, it means the longer kids are out of school, the more they forget.暑假影响了学生的正常的学习，故选D。32. pared to traditional schools, students in the year-round ones .A. perform better and have more learning gainsB. have much less time for relaxation every yearC. have generally the same number of class daysD. hold more classes with more free weeks off【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据But many experts point out that the number of class days in a year-round school is generally the same as in a traditional school.全年的学校与一般的学校都有相同的天数的授课时间，故选C。33. Which of the following statements is true?A. Students from poor families often fall behind after the vacation.B. Year-round schools can solve the problem of the learning gap.C. There are schools in each state following a year-round calendar.D. Nothing can help the students who fall behind after the vocation.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Across the country, research shows that students from poor families fall farther behind over the summer than other students.来自贫困家庭通常在假期过后学习要落后其他孩子，故选A。34. Why did almost all parents dislike the term “summer school”?A. They cherish the childrens rights of freedom very much.B. They are worried about the quality of the “summer school”.C. They want their children to be forced to make up the gap.D. They cant afford to the further study during vacation.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据research with groups of different parents in Chicago and Baltimore found that almost all strongly disliked the term “summer school”. In American culture, the idea of summer vacation is connected to beliefs about freedom and the joys of childhood.父母认为这样剥夺孩子的自由的权利，故选A。35. What would be the best title of this passage?A. Opening Summer CampsB. Forbidding Summer SchoolsC. Spreading Year-Round EducationD. Minding the Summer Learning Gap【答案】D【解析】标题归纳题。根据Each new school year brings fresh reminders of what educators call the summer learning gap.及短文的内容可知注意暑假假期学习的退步，故选D。史地自然型阅读理解(二) If you are afraid of the dark，its not a big deal.Its perfectly normal to feel afraid. After all，animals do，too. “Fear matters，”says Karen Warkentin，an ecologist.“Its a good thing，” she adds, “because fear makes you do things that keep you alive.”Like kids，many animals experience fear and they respond to the feeling in variety of ways.A frightened turtle pulls its head and legs inside its shell.A small fish will swim away when a big，hungry fish approaches.Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect.The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs. Warkentin made the surprising discovery while studying redeyed tree frogs in Costa Rica.In this species，female frogs attach jellylike clumps(果冻一样的块状物)of their eggs to the undersides of leaves.The leaves hang on branches that dangle(悬挂)over ponds.After they hatch from the eggs，the tadpoles(蝌蚪)then fall into the water，where they eventually grow into adult frogs.Tree frog eggs usually grow for 6 days before hatching.If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule. As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.If hatching early helps protect redeyed tree frogs from snakes，you might wonder why their eggs dont always hatch sooner.It turns out that hatching early brings its own danger.Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them, too.Staying in their eggs for 6 days，then，allows frog embryos(胚胎)to grow big and strong.This extra growth improves their chances of surviving in the water.1It can be inferred from the passage that fears_Ahelp animals grow bigger and strongerBare less mon among young animalsChelp animals move a lot to fit the environmentDare more or less important for animals to survive2We are told in the passage that tree frogs_Aface danger both inside their eggs and in the waterBwill grow fast if they fall into the water laterCare surprisingly clever when inside their eggsDstay in their eggs longer if they are frightened3Why do the tadpoles hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule？Because_Athey like falling into the water earlyBthey want to grow into adult frogsCthey sense a hungry snake is about to attackDfrog embryos can grow strong4What is the best title of the passage?AWhat is fear?BWhy do we feel afraid?CYou feel afraid；animals do, tooDFear is a good thing5What would be discussed in the following paragraph?AFurther explanations as to why tree frogs hatch ahead of the schedule.BHow the unborn frogs know when a snake is about to attack them.CAnother example of animals that respond to fear in an unexpected way.DHow tree frogs improve their chances of survival before falling into the water.(二)【要点综述】本文主要论述的是恐惧是人类和动物常见的一种现象，有时恐惧是一件好事。动物对于恐惧的反应是不同的，有些反应方式甚至超乎人们的想象。1D推理判断题。根据“because fear makes you do things that keep you alive.”可知D项正确。2A细节理解题。根据“If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of schedule.”和“Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them，too.”可知，它们在孵化期间害怕蛇的攻击，在水里害怕被其他动物吃掉。故选A项。3C细节理解题。根据“If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule.As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.”可知，因为对它们有威胁的蛇不会游泳，所以提前孵化出来，掉到水里，蝌蚪就能够逃离蛇的攻击了。故选C项。4D主旨大意题。文章通过举例说明害怕是一件好事。故选D项。5C篇章结构题。根据“Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect.The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs.”可知，既然这是举例，有了第一个例子，那么它的后面还会有例子。故选C项。