2019-2020年中考英语书面表达专题《方式、方法说明文》.doc

2019-2020年中考英语书面表达专题方式、方法说明文【写法指导】【题型设置与意图】 在英语中考书面表达题目中，方式、方法类的说明文占据相当大的比例，这类说明文题目中通常有“how to”。这类说明文主要是介绍为达到什么目的应怎样做，说明方法常采用举例子、分类别、作比较、下定义、引资料等方式。这类文章旨在考查学生说明方式方法的能力，主要以一般现在时态为主。【写作角度与注意事项】 写作时侧重对方式、方法、原因、理由、如何做的说明。在写作结构的谋划上常采用总分式结构。写作时要注意以下几点： 1写作目标明确，事实准确。目标是使读者容易读懂并易于实践，所以不要啰嗦。 2说明过程时，要将完整的过程分成若干个步骤，按照正确的顺序说明，不要遗漏。 3表达要清楚，逻辑性要强。要多使用一些表示顺序的词，从而使文章条理清楚。写 作 演 示【真题再现】 (xx淮安)随着家庭生活条件的提高，现在的孩子或多或少会有一些零花钱。请以“How to spend our pocket money”为题写一段话，内容必须包括以下要点，词数：80100。 要点：1你从哪里得到零花钱； 2你平常用零花钱做些什么(至少两点)； 3你觉得用零花钱还可以做些什么更有意义的事(至少两点)。 注意：1文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名； 2文章的标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数。 How to spend our pocket moneyAs families are now living a better 1ife，we kids can have some pocket money. 【写作思路】 1中心人称：第一人称 2主体时态：一般现在时态 3要点梳理：从哪里得到零花钱；用零花钱做些什么(至少两点)；用零花钱还可以做些什么更有意义的事(至少两点) 【语句构建】 引入话题We kids have some pocket moneyI usually get the money frombyBut how do we spend the money? 介绍方式I usually use the money to I can spend the money doingon sth 建议或倡议I hope we can use the money to do more meaningful thingsLets donate the money to【写作模板】提出问题：How do we save water? How do we learn English?How do we protect the environment? 提出希望：I hope that【范文展示】 How to spend our pocket money As families are now living a better life，we kids can have some pocket moneyI usually get my pocket money from my parentsSometimes I can get some by selling waste paper and bottlesI often use my pocket money to buy breakfast on my way to schoo1I also buy some books to help me with my lessons with my pocket moneyI think I can do something more meaningfulFor example，I can go traveling to a tourist attraction to enjoy myself in the summer holidaysI can also donate my pocket money to help poor children in western areas of China so that they can live happily 【名师点评】 范文围绕零花钱展开说明，先说明零花钱的来源，然后说明零花钱的用途，并提出了零花钱更有意义的用途。范文说明目标明确，条理清楚，层次分明。【实战演练】 (一) 安全对每个人都很重要。请根据以下信息内容提示，写一篇关于校园安全的英语小短文。 提示：1体育锻炼；2上下楼梯；3交朋结友；4食品卫生。 要求：1语句通顺，表达准确，内容连贯； 2短文可以适当发挥；但要包含以上要点； 3词数：80100；短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。Safety has bee the focus to us a11How to be safe at school is especially important to us students (二) 健康的生活习惯对于成长中的我们非常重要。请以“How to keep healthy”为题谈谈你的看法。 要点梳理：1饮食健康；2锻炼身体；3良好的生活习惯 要求：1词数：80100(标题已给出，不计入总词数)； 2字迹工整，语言流畅，表达准确，逻辑清晰； 3文章内容可适当发挥。 How to keep healthy (三) Life is just 1ike a mirrorYou smile at it，and it smiles at you，too请你以“Learn to smile”为题，根据下表所列的要点写一篇100词左右的文章(文章开头已给出)。1参考词汇：对某人微笑smile at sb 误解misunderstand2短文必须包括所有内容要点，不要逐字翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯通顺。Learn to smileI remember a song by WestlifeThe first sentence of it is“Just a smile and the rain is gone”Do you like smiling? I think you should learn to smile (四) 以“How to protect your eyesight”为题，写一篇短文，说明保护视力的重要性和主要措施。主要措施如下： 1用眼时间不能过长； 2阅读时，眼睛与书应保持1英尺左右的距离； 3不要在昏暗的光线或强烈的阳光下看书，也不要在车上、床上看书； 4坚持每天做眼保健操。 要求：词数80左右，不要逐条翻译。How to protect your eyesight （五）最近学生会在初三开展了“How to relax after class ”的调查活动，你与好朋友Zhang Nan讨论了这一话题，请根据他的观点和你自己的观点，给辅导老师Mr Yang写一篇有关这次讨论的英语汇报材料。字数90字左右。（下图为Zhang Nan的观点） Mr Yang，_（六）加入你校将举行“中学生自我保护”为主题的英语征文活动，请根据下面的体会是写一篇短文。（1） 内容提示：1.不带管制刀具（restricted knives）到校； 2.上下楼梯不要拥挤； 3.注意饮食安全； 4.注意交通安全，遇到紧急情况（emergency）要报警。（2） 要求：1.短文应包括所提示的内容，可适当发挥； 2.短文中不得出现真实的人名、地名及能够透露你个人身份的信息； 3.词数：80词左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。How to protect ourselves How to protect ourselves is especially important to us students. （七）在日常生活中，你看到身边有哪些不良现象？请列举一些并就某些方面说说你的做法和想法。提示：speak loudly, cut in line(插队), waste food, unfriendly(冷漠的), offer no help要求：1. 参考提示语，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整。 3. 文中不得出现真实姓名和地名； 4. 词数：不少于80词。（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）One possible version:In our daily life, I usually see some bad behavior around us. For example,（八）你即将升入高中，面临寄宿(a boarding school) 和走读(a day school)两类学校的选择。请你以 “A boarding school or a day school?” 为标题，写一篇 80-120 词的短文，内容须包括：1. 读寄宿学校的利和弊各一点；2. 读走读学校的利和弊各一点；3. 你的选择和理由(理由不得与上述两点内容重复)。注意：1. 短文必须包括所有要点；2. 可根据内容要点适当添加有关细节，使行文连贯；3. 书写规范，卷面整洁。（九）体育运动是中学生的共同爱好。请你根据下列提示写一篇题为 What We Get from Sports 的短文，短文应包含以下要点:1. 学生参加体育运动的兴趣不同，理由各异。2. 多数学生学习疲倦时，通过运动来放松自己。3. 男孩们参加各项体育活动，希望运动能使自己更强壮。4. 女孩们也喜欢运动，希望运动能帮助自己减肥和保持苗条。5. 你对运动的观点。注意：* 文中不能出现自己的姓名和学校名称。* 短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。字数：80词左右，不可逐字翻译。 * 参考词语：lose weight，keep slim （保持苗条）What We Get from SportsStudents in our school have one thing in mon - an interest in sports._ _参考答案 (一) Safety has bee the focus to us a11How to be safe at school is especially important to us studentsFirst，we should take care not to get ourselves injured while we are having sportsSecond，there are too many students at school，and our hallways are too narrowSo dont crowd with each other especially when we go upstairs or downstairs，or there may be an accidentBesides，we should be friendly and get on well with othersDont quarrel or even fightLast but not 1east，we should eat healthy food and keep away from junk food，which is harmful to our health In a word，its important to remember these for us a11 (二) How to keep healthy As we all know， it is very important to keep health But do you know how to keep healthy? Firstly，I think we must have enough food to keep us healthyBreakfast is necessaryIt gives us energy for the whole morningWe must also have the right kind of foodRemember to eat more fruit and vegetables，but less junk foodDont forget to wash your hands before mealsSecondly，its necessary for us to take exerciseExercise will keep us active and strongThirdly，I think staying up is bad for our healthIf we cant get enough sleep，we may have a headacheWe should go to bed early and get up earlyLastly。listening to music or chatting can also make us feel relaxed (三) Learn to smile I remember a song by WestlifeThe first sentence of it is“Just a smile and the rain is gone”Do you like smiling? I think you should learn to smile First，learn to smile at yourself when something unpleasant happens in your 1ifeIf you fail an exam or you are misunderstood by others，dont be sadJust smile at yourselfSmiling at yourself brings back your confidenceSometimes the one who beats you is not others，but yourselfAnd smile can also keep you healthy Second，learn to smile at othersIt will make you municate better with other peopleSmiling at others can make yourself and them happy as well In a word，smile is a kind of 1anguage belonging to everyoneIt passes love and friendship and helps shorten the distance between you and other peopleLive with a smile，and it will be shiny every day（四）How to protect your eyesightEveryone know how important the eyes areBut do you know how to protect your eyesight? First，you should not keep your eyes working for a long timeAfter you have studied for a long time，youd better have a rest Second，you should keep your book about a foot away from your eyes when you read ItDont read in weak light or in the sun and dont read in the moving bus or in bed Third，do eye exercises twice a dayIt will help you Reed good eyesight（五）Mr Yang,Recently I have had a discussion about the ways for students to relax with my friend, Zhang Nan. In his opinion, the best ways are Chatting with friends and playing puter games with friends . He also believes that Listening to music isnt a bad way.But I think playing puter games isnt a good way to help us relax. I think listening to music and playing sports are good ways because they can help us keep healthy. I often play ping-pong after class because its helpful to both my health and my study. Besides, I think chatting with our friends isnt a bad way. It can help us get along better with our friends.（六）How to protect ourselves How to protect ourselves is especially important to us students. First, dont take restricted knives to school.They might hurt our classmates or ourselves .Secondly,there are too many students at school, and our hallways are too narrow.So dont crowd with each other especially when we go upstairs or downstairs.Or there may be an accident.Thirdly,we should eat more healthy food and wed better keep away from junk food,At last, we must pay attention to the traffic.Remember to call the police for help when we have an emergency. Its our duty to protect ourselves.Lets start from today.（七）One possible version:In our daily life, I usually see some bad behavior around us. For example, I often hear people speak and laugh loudly in public. It is too noisy. Some people cut in line while others are waiting. It makes me unhappy. And in our school dining hall, I often see students waste food. At times, people seem unfriendly and offer no help when others are in trouble. For me, my parents are strict with me. They often tell me to behave well. So I never drop litter about. And I never draw on the desk or on the wall. I am polite to old people. I think if everyone can think more of others, well have a better living environment.（八）（九）Students in our school have one thing in monan interest in sports. But different students have different reasons for taking part in sports.Many students have sports when they feel tired after study. They just want to relax themselves and have fun. Most boys love sports. They take part in all kinds of sports in order to bee stronger. They join in the sports that interest them most, such as soccer, basketball and volleyball. Girls also like sports. Some of them they want to lose weight, to be slim and pretty by doing sports. In my opinion, no matter what reasons we have, we all can get a lot from sports.