2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解摸底精练（4）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解摸底精练（4）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。They were just grasshoppers(蚂蚱). But there were millions of them, which was why dad was so anxious to get rid of them. “Theyre totally destroying our beans, ”he told Mom over lunchtime one Saturday. “Ive been trying to keep them out of the tomatoes, but I dont know if I can make it. ”“Isnt there something you can do about them? ”Mom asked. She was mostly concerned about the tomatoes. “I think theres a spray(喷雾)or something, ”Dad said. “Im going down to the garden center after lunch and see if they have any suggestions. ”Im pretty sure thats what he said. But what I heard was, “While Im gone, why dont you and George e up with your own plan for getting rid of the grasshoppers? ”And so thats what we did. It was the summer between fifth and sixth grade, so we were feeling pretty clever and mature. Certainly we knew how to get rid of these grasshoppers. That seemed simple enough. Finally Ron and Don joined us but then, things got a little crazy. Before we knew it we were doing terrible experiments. I wont describe our experiments. Lets just call it“The Adventures of the Marquis de Orkin”. Dad came home and saw these different deaths. We were laughing, but the laughter quickly turned to silence when we saw the look on my Dads face. “What are you boys doing? ”he asked. “Were just sort of helping to get rid of the grasshoppers, ”I said. “This isnt getting rid of grasshoppers, ”Dad said. “This is killing. ”I was confused. I looked at the insecticide he was carrying. “But arent you going to kill grasshoppers with that? ”I asked. “Yes, because its something we need to do for the protection of our garden, ”he said seriously. “But Im not going to enjoy it. ”【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者家的菜园遭到蚂蚱的破坏, 天真的作者想帮助父亲除掉蚂蚱, 不想他和同伴使用的方法让父亲很生气, 父亲告诫他们: 不能杀生取乐, 要学会仁慈。1. It can be inferred from the text that. A. the tomatoes in the garden were badly damaged by grasshoppersB. the father was advised to get rid of grasshoppers with insecticideC. the father asked the author to help catch grasshoppersD. the authors way of treating grasshoppers was interesting【解析】选B。推理判断题。由文章第三段中提到的父亲午饭后要去花卉商店寻求帮助以及倒数第二段中的I looked at the insecticide he was carrying. 可知, 花卉商店建议父亲使用杀虫剂。故选B项。2. The underlined sentence“And so thats what we did. ”means that. A. we killed the grasshoppers for funB. we carried out an experiment on the grasshoppersC. we thought of a way to deal with the grasshoppersD. we were clever enough to get rid of the grasshoppers【解析】选C。推理判断题。在上一段中提到作者认为父亲的言外之意是让作者想办法除掉蚂蚱, 因此此句承接上文, 指“我们就是那样做了”, 即“我们自己想出了除掉蚂蚱的办法”。3. How did the authors father feel when he saw what the children were doing? A. Angry. B. Confused. C. Satisfied. D. Fearful. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。由文章第五段中的最后一句We were laughing, but the laughter quickly turned to silence when we saw the look on my Dads face. 以及文章最后一句But Im not going to enjoy it. 可知父亲看到孩子们残杀蚂蚱取乐很生气。4. In which magazine would you most probably find this passage? A. American Laboratory. B. Accounts of Chemical Research. C. Readers Digest. D. Technology. 【解析】选C。文章出处题。本文的主题是“仁慈, 不杀生取乐”。此类题材的文章最有可能来自读者文摘这样的期刊。【上海市虹口区xx模拟】阅读理解 Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.。Western airliner manufacturers seem to be tripping over (绊倒) themselves in their eagerness to sign cooperative agreements with Asian partners as a low-cost route to developing new airliners. Their potential Asian partners seem to be tripping over themselves to sign such agreements, as a low-cost route to acquiring new airliner technology. If they are not careful the two sides will end up tripping over each other: the one by selling its birth-right for short-term gain, the other by trying to break into a market which isnt big enough to sustain (忍受) it. Technology transfer works in a growing market, where the aspirations of the new entrant receiving that technology can be met through expansion. The airliner market is not such a device. Even the most optimistic projections of airliner sales for the next 20 years show that airliner manufacture can only be profitable if a small number of aircraft builders share the available sales. It follows that if new manufacturers e into the market and take sales, their sales must e from substitution, not expansion.Given the plexity of todays airliners, it is unlikely that any new entrant will have both the financial and technical resources to e into the market without the involvement of an established manufacturer. In the short term, such involvement may not be to the exclusive benefit of the new entrant: most of the established manufacturers are searching for ways to reduce costs of manufacture. In the short term, it can be of benefit to an established Western manufacturer to have either ponents of plete airframes made or assembled in lower-wage economics such as China, Taiwan or Korea, while retaining the design, development and marketing of aircraft for itself. It would be a very unwise Western manufacturer which did not notice the fact that these developing economies are acquiring skills (like puting) at least as quickly as they are acquiring skills in metal bashing (猛击).The danger es when the new entrant no longer needs the established Western partner because it has acquired the technical and intellectual ability to design and build its own aircraft. An Asian partner may well find itself in the happy position of having the low-cost labour base, the high-cost technology base and the vital financial base to build a new airliner.74. The authors attitude towards Western/Eastern cooperation can be described as _.A. positive B. progressive C. conservativeD. negative75. “The airliner market is not such a device” means that the airliner market _.A. does not encourage technology transferB. is too limited to offer chances of successC. requires hi-tech rather than unaccepted devicesD. is full of petitions for new entrants76. According to the author, a wise established manufacturer should _.A. try to benefit from both financial and technical resourcesB. break up his partnership with the East once profits are madeC. keep a tight told over hi-tech development and marketing of airlinersD. cooperate with Asian partners for a short time77. The word “base” in the last paragraph represents _.A. a place for aircraft production B. the operation of aircraftC. a research institute D. a position where to build office 【参考答案】74. C 75. D 76. D 77. A【上海市黄浦区xx模拟】阅读理解CESP, Extra Sensory Perception, is a catch-all expression for the so-called ability of certain people to receive transmitted thoughts from others, to transmit their own thoughts, to see what will happen in the future or to be able to move objects from one place to another without physically touching them. These special people are called psychics. Some believe that we all have this ability to some degree but that most of us choose not to develop it.Many people are skeptical about ESP. Alongside the existence of documented evidence, there are plenty of claims that have turned out to be cheating. For most people, it is difficult to accept such claims without having had first hand experience. The lack of scientific evidence is another factor to take into account. On the other hand, most of us have, at some time, experienced a seemingly unexplainable occurrence; hearing the telephone ring and knowing who will be on the other end of the line or cases of coincidence that seem to be too extreme to be accidental.Over the years there have been numerous ESP experiments conducted by serious scientists in serious institutions. Joseph Banks Rhine, a botanist at Duke University published a famous book in 1934 called “Extra-Sensory Perception” in which he claimed to have enormous evidence of ESP. However, other scientists have been unable to copy his results since, which has resulted in the book losing much of its original credibility and fame.The Ganzfield Experiments are considered to have been the most carefully examined ESP experiments. So-called psychics had their eyes covered and ears blocked while a “sender” attempted to transmit messages. Later the psychics would pare the messages received to the original messages sent out. There was a great deal of excitement and interest at the time, but the research failed to produce convincing results.One of the strongest criticisms against ESP is that in order for it to exist, the fundamental laws of physics would necessarily have to be broken.Human beings are attracted to the whole range of supernatural phenomena. ESP will always continue to fascinate. This bees clear when we see how much of the media is dedicated to the topic: magazines, journals, web sites, television and radio programs. Some of the most successful films in recent years have fuelled interest among the younger generations who are starting to ask the same questions and to look for explanations for the same phenomena as their parents and grandparents before them. Who knows? One day we might just find these answers because one thing is certain: “The truth is out there! ”74. According to the 1st paragraph, a psychic can do the following EXCEPT _.A. read what his parents are thinking aboutB. transmit one friends thought to anotherC. predict whatll happen at tomorrows meetingD. change the position of a chair without touching it75. The underlined word “skeptical” in the second paragraph can be replaced with _.A. enthusiasticB. doubtfulC. particularD. curious76. What can be learned about the book “ExtraSensory Perception” and “the Ganzfield Experiments”?A. They both failed to prove the existence of ESP scientifically.B. They were both the products of casually-designed research.C. Others followed their examples and got the same consequences.D. The writer and the experiment operators lost their fame eventually.77. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. Whether ESP exists.B. How ESP works.C. Who ESP attracts.D. Why ESP fails.【参考答案】74 77 BBAA阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(xx全国，C)It happened to me recently. I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obamas Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President. A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was, in his words, “a brilliantly(精彩地)written book”. However, he then went on to talk about Mr. Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.And it seems that my friend is not the only one. Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they havent. In the World Book Days “Report on Guilty Secrets”， Dreams From My Father is at number 9.The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading, and as Im not one to lie too often (Id hate to be caught out ), Ill admit here and now that I havent read the entire top ten .But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwells 1984.I think its really brilliant.The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it. It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky (I havent read him, but havent lied about it either) and Herman Melville.Asked why they lied, the most mon reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to. This could be tricky if the conversation became more indepth!But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named JK. Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in other words)Fortytwo percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story (Ill e clean; I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)文章大意：在世界读书日的调查报告中显示有百分之四十二的人撒谎说读过某本书，通常的原因是给人留下印象。12How did the author find his friend a book liar?ABy judging his manner of speaking.BBy looking into his background.CBy mentioning a famous name.DBy discussing the book itself.答案：D推理判断题。根据短文第一段最后两句话可知，他们继续谈论奥巴马的书时，对方根本不知道奥巴马的背景，故作者知道对方是在撒谎。由此可知D项正确。13Which of the following is a “guilty secret”according to the World Book Day report?ACharles Dickens is very low on the topten list.B42% of people pretended to have read 1984.CThe author admitted having read 9 books.DDreams From My Father is hardly read.答案：B推理判断题。根据短文第二段最后一句话可知，我不像那百分之四十二的人那样，撒谎说读过George Orwell的1984，我是真的读过。由此可知B项正确。14By lying about reading, a person hopes to _.Acontrol the conversationBappear knowledgeableClearn about the bookDmake more friends答案：B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，他们撒谎的原因是给人们留下印象，由此可推断他们是想让人民知道他们知识渊博，故B项正确。15What is the authors attitude to 58%of readers?AFavorable. BUncaring.CDoubtful. DFriendly.答案：C作者态度题。根据短文最后一段可知，他们说出的这些作者，都是畅销书作者，所以作者对这百分之五十二的人持怀疑态度。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (xx山东，D)Sparrow is a fast food chain with 200 restaurants. Some years ago, the group to which Sparrow belonged was taken over by another pany. Although Sparrow showed no sigh of declining, the chain was generally in an unhealthy state. With more and more fastfood concepts reaching the market, the Sparrow menu had to struggle for attention. And to make matters worse, its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required. Sparrow failed to grow for another two years, until a new CEO, Carl Pearson decided to build up its market share. He did a survey, which showed that consumers who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain, while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them. Sparrow had to develop a new promotional campaign.Pearson faced a battle over the future of the Sparrow brand. The chains owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcys restaurants. Pearson resisted, arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun. Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a pany and the general public was unusual for that time. Pearson strongly believed that numbers were the key to success, rather than customers spending power. Finally, the owner accepted his idea. The campaign itself changed the traditional advertising style of the fastfood industry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers. Pearson also made other decisions which he believed would contribute to the new sparrow image. For example, he offered to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain increase in their turnover (营业额)These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fastfood chains in the regions where it operated. 文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，描述了Sparrow迅速成为了经营地区最成功的快餐连锁店的整个过程。16Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson became CEO? AThe number of its customers was declining. BIts customers found the food unhealthy. CIt was in need of financial support.DMost of its restaurants were closed. 答案：C细节理解题。从第一段的最后一句“its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.”可知Sparrow缺乏的是资金。17What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? ACustomers of Sparrow restaurants. BSparrow restaurants. CCustomers of other fastfood chains.DOther fastfood chains. 答案：D词义猜测题。我们从画线词所在句“while customers of other fastfood chains were unwilling to turn away from them.”可知，这里的while表示对比，其他快餐店中的顾客不愿意离开，这里是指从其他的快餐店离开，故选D。18For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign?ATo build a good relationship with the public. BTo stress the unusual tradition of Sparrow. CTo learn about customers spending power. DTo meet the challenge from Marcys restaurants. 答案：A细节理解题。从文章第三段的“arguing for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun”中可知，这场战役的目的是让Sparrow餐厅与大众搞好关系，故选A。19The TV ads of Sparrow _.Achanged peoples views on pop starsBamused the public with original songsCfocused on the superiority of its productsDinfluenced the eating habits of the audience 答案：B细节理解题。从文章第四段的“the TV ads of Sparrow focused on entertainment and featured original songs performed by a variety of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific product, the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of potential customers.”可知，广告歌曲为原创且目的是和大众搞好关系，故选B。20What was Pearsons achievement as a CEO? AHe managed to pay off Sparrows debts. BHe made Sparrow much more petitive. CHe helped Sparrow take over a pany. DHe improved the welfare of Sparrow employees. 答案：B细节理解题。从文章最后一段的“These efforts paid off, and Sparrow soon became one of the most successful fastfood chains in the regions where it operated.”可知，Pearson的努力获得了回报，使得餐厅业绩上升，变得更有竞争力，故选B。题型2 高考模拟题组