2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 A healthy life素材 新人教版选修6.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 A healthy life素材 新人教版选修6话题词汇1balance n平衡2strength n长处；力量3healthy adj.健康的4energy n精力；活力5positive adj.积极的6keep sb.fit/healthy 使某人保持健康7win.back赢回8take regular exercise进行有规律的运动9keep a good mood保持乐观心态10remove heavy burdens减轻负担经典语篇你的网友Mike由于长期上网，出现了视力下降、病态肥胖等多种健康问题，并染上了一些疾病，住进了医院。现在请你以李明的身份给他写一封信，希望他早日康复，并给他一些保健的建议。注意：1.语言通顺、连贯；2词数100左右。参考词汇：病态肥胖：obesity佳作欣赏Dear Mike，Im very sorry to hear that you are in hospital with eyesight decreasing and obesity and some other diseases.I hope that you will recover soon.You said that your illness was caused by surfing the Internet too much.Thats true.Some of my friends，who often do such things，are beginning to feel bad too.They say that they cant see now as clearly as before.And my teachers often tell us that its bad for us to stay late surfing the Internet every day.Therefore，I think that we should spend less time on the Internet from now on.Instead，we should work out to keep healthy，because nothing is more important than health.Only when we are healthy can we study better.Follow the doctors advice and dont worry，and you will be well soon.Best wishes!Yours，Li Ming思维发散1仿照第句用“with复合结构”完成句子因为有那个男孩领路，我们很容易地找到了那座老房子。With the boy leading the way we found the old house easily.2仿照第句用it作形式主语翻译句子对我们来说学好英语非常重要。It is important for us to learn English well.3仿照第句完成句子How about your trip to Hainan?It couldnt have been better(不可能再好了)Sometimes I went swimming in the sea；sometimes I lay on the sand.4仿照第句用“only状语从句”放于句首完成句子只有当我们完成作业了，我们才能休息。Only when we finish the work can we have a rest.5仿照第句用“祈使句and陈述句”翻译句子努力学习，你一定会成功。Work hard and you will succeed.重点单词A写作单词1ban (vt.)禁止；取缔；(n.)禁令；谴责2accustom (vt.)使习惯于3quit (vt.)停止(做某事)；离开4ashamed (adj.)感到惭愧或羞耻的5stress (n.)压力；重音；(vt.)加压力于；使紧张stressful (adj.)产生压力的；紧张的6mental (adj.)精神的；智力的mentally (adv.)精神上；智力上7effect (n.)结果；效力affect (vt.)影响；感染8strengthen (vt.)加强；巩固；使坚强；(vi.)变强strength (n.)力气；体力strong (adj.)坚强的；强壮的9survival (n.)幸存survivor (n.)幸存者survive (vt.& vi.)幸存；幸免于难B阅读单词10abuse (n.& vt.)滥用；虐待11tough (adj.)困难的；强硬的12awkward (adj.)局促不安的；笨拙的13sex (n.)性别；性14pill (n.)药丸；药片15prehension (n.)理解(力)16chemist (n.)化学家；药剂师17desperate (adj.)绝望的；拼命的18abnormal (adj.)畸形的；异常的19pregnant (adj.)怀孕的20withdrawal (n.)收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程21alcohol (n.)酒；酒精alcoholic (adj.)酒精的22adolescent (n.)青少年；(adj.)青春期的adolescence (n.)青春期23automatic (adj.)无意识的；自动的automatically (adv.)无意识地；自动地24breathless (adj.)气喘吁吁的；屏息的breath (n.)呼吸breathe (v.)呼吸25unfit (adj.)不健康的；不合适的；不合格的fit (adj.)健康的；合适的；(v.)适合26illegal (adj.)不合法的；违法的legal (adj.)合法的27male (adj.)男性的；雄性的；(n.)男人；雄性动(植)物female (adj.)女性的；雌性的；(n.)女人；雌性的动(植)物28prejudice (n.)偏见；成见；歧视prejudiced (adj.)有偏见的；有成见的29judgement (n.)看法；判断；判决judge (n.)法官；裁判；(v.)断定；判断；审判30embarrassed (adj.)尴尬的；陷入困境的embarrass (vt.)使尴尬；使窘迫；使不安embarrassing (adj.)令人不安的；让人难堪的；令人尴尬的embarrassment (n.)尴尬；难堪.重点短语1due to由于2addicted to对有瘾3accustomed to习惯于4decide on对作出决定5feel like (doing)想要(做)6in spite of不顾；不管7take risks (a risk)冒险8get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)9at risk处境危险；遭受危险10have an effect on对有影响.经典句式1It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.很惊异吧，像我这样的年纪，身体还很健康，而且能在一个下午骑车20公里。2Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding it difficult to give it up.你妈妈告诉我，许久之前你已经开始吸烟了，而且现在你觉得很难把它戒掉。3When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit，I knew it was time to quit smoking.当我因为身体不健康而被校足球队除名时，我才知道我该戒烟了。4I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望你把烟戒掉，因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。5Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒自己：你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。.课文语法填空Its easy for you to start smoking，but 1.once you bee addicted to it，you may find 2.it difficult for you to quit.Firstly，you may bee 3.physically(physics) addicted to nicotine，one of the hundreds of harmful chemicals 4.that consist in cigarettes.Secondly，you may develop the habit of smoking and finally bee mentally addicted 5.to it.Smoking may have all kinds of harmful effects on the health of both the smokers themselves and nonsmokers around them.It not only affects your physical fitness，but also 6.does harm to your heart and lungs and causes a variety of diseases.7.Being(be) a smoker，the offensive smell and appearance of you may drive people around you away.So，its important that one quit smoking and live a healthier life.To quit smoking，you should be wellprepared and make a list of all the benefits you may get after quitting.8.Developing(develop) some new habits like listening to music，reading novels or doing housework may distract your attention and help you to forget your need for a cigarette.But if you really feel bad，you should consult 9.a doctor or chemist to get some professional help.Remember，if you 10.keep(keep) trying，you will eventually succeed.1. stress n.压力；强调；紧张(pressure)；重要性(emphasis)；重音；vt.强调(emphasize)；使紧张；加压力于(press)；用重音读多词一义stress，emphasize，underline，lay/put/place stress (emphasis) on(1)under stress在压力之下under the stress of在的压力下lay/place/put stress on强调(2)stress the importance of强调的重要性(1)The spokesman stressed the measures did not amount to an overall ban.该发言人强调这些措施并不等同于全面禁止。(2)Katy could think clearly when not under stress.在没有压力的情况下凯蒂思路清晰。多维训练(1)单句语法填空More stress should be placed on the cultivation of creativity.Under the stress of bad weather the ship had to return.He stressed the importance of a good education.(2)同义句改写The mice died because they became stressed by the repeated changes to their body clocks.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)Stressed by the repeated changes to their body clocks，the mice died.2. effect n.结果；效力；影响，作用have an effect on/upon对有效；对有影响e/go into effect生效,take effect生效；奏效bring/put.into effect实施of no effect没有效果的in effect实际上(1)The medicine had a good effect on me.那种药对我有很好的功效。(2)The medicine soon took effect.药很快见效了。多维训练(1)短语填空So in effect the government have lowered taxes for the rich and raised them for the poor.My parents divorce had a big effect on me.The morphine(吗啡) was starting to take effect and the pain eased.If a class is of no effect，then teaching means nothing.The regulations came into effect days after last weeks incidents.(2)完成句子The remendations will soon be put into effect/e into effect(付诸实施)3. ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的(feeling shame or embarrassment about)(1)be ashamed of sb.为某人羞愧be ashamed of oneself for doing.某人因做了而感到羞愧be ashamed to do.耻于做；因做而羞愧(2)Its a shame that.是令人遗憾的事。(1)He is ashamed of his failure.他对自己的失败感到羞愧。(2)He was ashamed of himself for being behind his work.落下了工作，他感到很惭愧。(3)Its a shame that she isnt here to see it.真可惜她不能在这儿亲自看看。词义辨析ashamed，shameful(1)ashamed是“感到羞耻的”、“觉得惭愧的”，表示主语主观认为可耻的，只能作表语。(2)shameful表示事物本身的客观性质是“可耻的”，可作表语或定语。多维训练(1)用ashamed，shameful填空We thought his behavior was shameful.Im ashamed to leave you this way.(2)同义句改写He was ashamed of what happened and bowed his head.(用过去分词短语作原因状语改写)Ashamed of what happened，he bowed his head. 4. be/bee addicted to对有瘾；热衷于应试指导非谓语动词句法功能的考查(1)addict v.使沉溺；使成瘾；n.入迷的人addict oneself to沉溺于(2)addiction n.入迷；上瘾(3)addictive adj.上瘾的；使人入迷的I went through about four years of being addicted to video games.我大约有4年时间沉迷于电子游戏中。多维训练(1)用addict的正确形式填空The boy became addicted to puter games and didnt want to study.She helped him fight his drug addiction.I took up skiing a couple of years ago and I found it quite addictive.They are rock music addicts.(2)同义句改写上题句Addicted to puter games，the boy didnt want to study.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Addicting himself to puter games，the boy didnt want to study.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)5. be accustomed to习惯于应试指导作为高级词汇替换be used tobe/get/bee accustomed to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事accustom oneself to (doing) sth.使自己习惯于(做)某事be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事(1)I was accustomed to being the only child at a table full of adults.我已经习惯了作为唯一一个小不点坐在一桌大人中间。(2)He quickly accustomed himself to this new way of life.他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式。多维训练(1)同义句改写He was accustomed to the custom and didnt want to change it.Accustomed to the custom，he didnt want to change it.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Accustoming himself to the custom，he didnt want to change it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)(2)单句改错Growing up in the country，he is used to get up early.getgetting6.feel like想要(want to have or do)；感觉像；摸起来像多维训练(1)单句语法填空Use it to remind yourself of why you want to stop，whenever you feel like smoking(smoke)How many of you would like to have(have) something like that?(2)短语填空I dont feel myself today.I hope you feel at home here.I dont feel like going any more.I felt my way in the dark.7. get into陷入；养成，染上(某种习惯)(develop a habit of.)；开始(某事)(start sth.)；参与(bee involved in多维训练用get into短语完成句子(1)He has got into the habit of(染上的习惯) smoking.(2)Be quiet unless you want to get into trouble(惹麻烦)(3)Never get into debt(欠债) if you can avoid it.(4)He was eager to get into politics(进入政界)8.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望你把烟戒掉，因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。句型公式：do的强调用法“do/does/did动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下条件：(1)句子是肯定句；(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时；(3)只能用来强调谓语动词，若强调主语、宾语、表语、状语等，则应用It is/was.that.进行强调。 (1)He does enjoy listening to classical music.他的确喜欢听古典音乐。(2)Do be quiet.务必安静。多维训练翻译句子(1)今天晚上一定要来呀。Do e this evening.(2)上周他的确给你写信了。He did write to you last week.9. Do not be disappointed if you have to try several times before you finally stop smoking.即使你非得经过多次戒烟才能最后把它戒掉，你也不要失望。句型公式：before引导时间状语从句(1)before用作连词，引导时间状语从句，除了表示“在之前”以外，还可以表示“(之后)才；不久就；不等就；以免”。(2)句型归纳：It wont be.before.用不了多长时间就会(before从句用一般现在时)It will be.before.得过多久才(before从句用一般现在时)It wasnt.before.没过多长时间就(before从句用一般过去时)It was.before.过了多长时间才(before从句用一般过去时)(1)Write down the telephone number before you forget it.记下电话号码以免忘记。(2)It wasnt long before he learned to use the puter.不久他就学会了使用计算机。多维训练(1)写出下列句子中before的汉语意思Before he came here，he was in England.在之前It will be some time before we know the full results.得过多久才Before we had walked five miles，Anne plained of sore feet.不到就Put that away before it gets broken.以免(2)完成句子The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times before it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”(直到最后它才包含pleasant的含义)The young couple，who returned my lost wallet，left before I could ask for their names(还没有来得及问他们的名字).语境填词1It was then that I started to appreciate the tough(艰难的) choices she had to make on balancing family and work.(xx天津)2It dealt with issues such as drug abuse(滥用)，violence and unemployment.(xx福建)3However，instead of devoting themselves to their work，they find themselves working to support the lifestyle to which they have so quickly bee accustomed(习惯了的)(xx浙江)4I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately(拼命地) threw myself at that guy like a bullet.(xx天津)5If we tend to ignore the significance of elevators，it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief，boring，and even awkward(局促不安的) experience.(xx湖北).单句语法填空1Her research found that workers with access to nature at the officeeven simple views of trees and flowersfelt their jobs were less stressful(stress) and more satisfying.(xx浙江)2What Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.(xx北京)3A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending(send) and receiving(receive) messages.(xx山东)4Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.(xx山东)5Items like Tshirts that allow volunteers to be recognized publicly for their contributions can help strengthen(strong) role identity.(xx江苏)6He thought about all of the survival(survive) shows he had watched on TV.(xx北京)7Her husband was with her，but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed(embarrass) and clearly in shock.(xx福建)8Fining drivers who are in areas where cars have been banned(ban) can also tend to encourage them to leave their cars behind.(xx山东)9Its a waste of time playing games and it will have a bad effect on their study.(xx广东)10While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses，many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.(xx辽宁).短语填空1Lack of sleep could put the birds health at risk.(xx四川)2According to Alex Goldberg，it is difficult for schools to offer the mentoring due to the shortage of money.(xx福建)3Some students are addicted to playing puter games and some often cheat in the exams.(xx广东)4Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time.(xx福建)5Its quite hot today.Do you feel like going for a swim？(xx陕西)6In spite of the largescale construction of roads and highways，there is still much room for improvement，because of the ever increasing number of cars these years.(xx江苏).完成句子1当你正在看一个你最喜欢的电视节目，这时有个人进来，一声不吭地关掉电视，你会怎么想？How would you like it if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you？(xx浙江)2只要你坚持练习，你就不会觉得剪纸难了。You wont find paper cutting difficult as long as you keep practicing it.(xx北京)3像其他生物一样，我们的确需要黑暗。Like most other creatures，we do need darkness.(xx浙江)4总统能采取什么措施来结束这场罢工根本不为人所知。It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.(xx新课标全国)5说实话，尽管我作了很好的准备，但当我进入考场时，我还是感到有点紧张。To be honest，in spite of my good preparation，I felt a little nervous when I was entering the exam room.(xx四川)写作素材(关于毒品)1现在有些青少年滥用毒品。2那些吸毒上瘾的，很难活下来。3他们会感到不安、可耻、失望甚至绝望。4他们想戒毒，但是效果不好。5他们感到巨大的压力，需要帮助。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用who引导的定语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Nowadays some adolescents abuse drugs.Those who are addicted to drugs can hardly survive.They feel embarrassed，ashamed，disappointed and even desperate.They want to withdraw/quit，but it has little effect.They feel greatly stressed and need help.阅读理解AHealth experts have long worried about the increasing rate of obesity in kids.Its an important concern: Being weight or obese during childhood can lead to serious problems normally seen in adults，such as diabetes and high blood pressure.Poor diets and a lack of exercise are usually the causes.But would you ever have imagined there might be a connection between the bacteria that lived in your guts(内脏) when you were a baby and the chance that you would bee overweight?Scientists in Finland recently found just such a link.In a recent study，they showed that overweight kids had different species of bacteria living in their guts.You probably think of bacteria only as germs that can make you sick.While its true that some bacteria can make people ill，your body actually depends on some types of bacteria to help you digest food and extract nutrients from it.These “good” bacteria live in your guts，where they process the food you eat.Human babies get these bacterial helpers from their moms.When a baby is born，some of the bacteria in the mother move into the babys body.Growing babies get additional “good” bacteria from the milk their mothers produce.And it turns out the bacteria might play an important role in regulating weight just six years later.So how could these bacteria affect weight？The researchers still havent tested that question，but future tests might lead to an answer.1The “link” in Paragraph 2 refers to the relationship between .Abacteria and the chance of being overweightBobesity and diabetesCdiets and the chance of being overweightDbacteria and exercise答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“But would you ever have imagined there might be a connection between the bacteria that lived in your guts(内脏) when you were a baby and the chance that you would bee overweight？”可知第二段中的link就是指细菌和超重问题之间的关系。故A正确。2Which of the following is NOT the function of “good” bacteria?AHelping to digest food.BHelping to take nutrients from food.CHelping to regulate weight.DMaking a person ill.答案D解析推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句“While its true that some bacteria can make people ill，your body actually depends on some types of bacteria to help you digest food and extract nutrients from it.”可知有些细菌的确对人体有好处，但是有些细菌也会让人生病。让人生病并不是细菌的好的功能。A、B、C三项都属于细菌好的作用。故D正确。3The purpose of writing this passage is to .Aintroduce the role of bacteria in childrens weightBanalyze the influence of obesity on kidsCgive advice on how to lose weight quicklyDexplain the function of bacteria in foods答案A解析写作意图题。根据文章主题段第一段最后一句“But would you ever have imagined there might be a connection between the bacteria that lived in your guts(内脏) when you were a baby and the chance that you would bee overweight？”可知本文主要讲述的是细菌在儿童体重问题上的作用。故A正确。BThe bed should be reserved as a place for sleep，but people tend to read an iPad a lot in bed before they go to sleep.Charles Czeisler，a professor at Harvard Medical School，and his colleagues got a small group of people for an experiment.For five days in a row，the people read either a paper book or an iPad for four hours before sleep.Their sleep patterns were monitored all night.Before and after each trial period，the people took hourly blood tests to paint a daylong picture of just how much melatonin(褪黑激素) was in their blood at any given time.When subjects read on the iPad as pared to the paper books，they reported feeling less sleepy at night and less active the following morning.People also took longer to fall asleep on the iPad nights，and the blood tests showed that their melatonin secretion(分泌) was delayed by an hour and a half.The researchers conclude in todays journal article that given the rise of ereaders and the increasingly widespread use of ethings among children and adolescents，more research into the longterm consequences of these devices on health and safety is urgently needed.Czeisler and colleagues go on，in the research paper，to note：“Reading an iPad in bed may increase cancer risk.”However，software has been developed that can reduce some of the blue light from the screens of phones and puters according to time of day，and there are also glasses that are made to filter (过滤) short wavelengths.While they seem like a logical solution for the nighttime tech users，it needs more research.4In Charles Czeislers experiment，all the subjects were asked to .Asit in a row and receive the strict testsBhave their sleep patterns observed all nightCread a paper book and an iPad at the same timeDhave their blood tested per hour during the trial答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Their sleep patterns were monitored all night.”可知，Charles Czeisler的实验就是针对睡觉方式组织的，故对他们进行观察，答案B合适。5The third paragraph tells us the iPad readers were likely to .Afeel less sleepy and tired in the dayBfall asleep more easily after readingCbee less energetic the next morningDhave a lot more melatonin secretion答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“.they reported feeling less sleepy at night and less active the following morning.”可知睡前用iPad阅读，第二天早上会精力不充沛。6The special software recently developed can .Aremove the blue light from your devices pletelyBhelp prevent eyes being harmed by short wavelengthCweaken the harm done by doing nighttime ereadingDbe used in all the ethings widely and safely答案C解析细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“.software has been developed that can reduce some of the blue light from the screens of phones.”可知这种软件能减少晚上时间进行电子阅读所造成的危害，故答案为C。7Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ANo Ereading in Bed Before SleepBNew Software for Night EreadersCWrong Behaviors B