2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习话题语篇专攻练26降饮食一外研版.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习话题语篇专攻练26降饮食一外研版. 阅读理解AHeres an experiment: take a bite of whatever food you have nearby and listen to some music, something with high notes. Now, take another bite, but listen to something with low notes. Notice anything? Researchers at the University of Oxford have been looking for a link between sound and taste. Theyve found that higher-pitched musicthink flutesenhances the flavor of sweet or sour foods. Lower-pitched sounds, like tubas, increase the bitter flavors. Charles Spence is leading that study into what he and his team call“multi-sensory food perception”. Spence tells how taste is the sense that unifies all of the others. “Flavor is probably one of the most multi-sensory of our experiences. . . because it does involve taste and more smell than we realize, ”Spence says. “But all of the senses e together to give us that one unified experience of flavor. ”“Texture is one of the more clear ways sound plays into taste, ”Spence says. “Think of the crackling of chips or the fizzy sounds of a carbonated drinksound plays a major role in our experience of those textures. ”“But the other place where sound affects taste, ”Spence says, “is in the environment; imagine listening to the sounds of the sea while youre eating fish at a seaside restaurant. ”Spences team is currently working on what he calls“synesthetic sounds”. By asking tasters to match flavors with sounds, they discovered the connection between high-pitched sounds and sweets and low-pitched sounds and bitter tastes. “You can then start creating experiences where you play particular kinds of music or sounds cape to diners or to drinkers while theyre tasting, ”he says. “Were able to show that we can change the experience in the mouth by about 5 or 10 percent. ”Another one of the projects Spences team has worked on was something called“sonic seasoning”. Theyd take the results of taste tests involving a myriad of flavors to posers and sound designers, whod then craft sound experiences to match those taste experiences. 【文章大意】想提高你对食物的感觉吗? 那么去听听音乐吧。高音调的音乐, 像长笛, 能增强甜味或酸味食物的味道。较低音调的音乐, 像大号, 能增强苦味食物的味道。1. The aim of the experiment is to find_. A. how eating speed influences tasteB. how musical sound affects your tasteC. what is the best music for a dining roomD. what makes high notes and low notes【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的内容和第二段的looking for a link between sound and taste可知, 这个研究的目的是想搞清楚音乐和味觉之间的关系。2. To get better taste, you can_. A. take some food without smellB. eat your sandwich at seasideC. eat your crisp chips loudlyD. drink a carbonated drink quietly【解析】选C。推理判断题。结合第五段的Think of the crackling of chips or the fizzy sounds of a carbonated drinksound plays a major role in our experience of those textures. 可知发脆的薯片发出的声音可以提高你对食物的口感。3. What most likely increases your flavor of sweet? A. The violin. B. The tubas. C. The guitar. D. The flute. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第二段的Theyve found that higher-pitched musicthink flutesenhances the flavor of sweet or sour foods. Lower-pitched sounds, like tubas, increase the bitter flavors. 可知, 高音贝的音乐可以提高食物的甜味感或酸味感, 低音贝音乐可以提高苦味感, 因此笛子的声音可以提高甜味感。4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Music destroys your taste for food sharply. B. Music can improve the flavor of your food. C. Music will replace the salt in your food. D. Music affects your satisfaction in food. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了音乐可以影响我们对食物的感觉, 比如高音贝的音乐可以增强甜味感或酸味感, 而低音贝的音乐则增强苦味感。B Why do many of us find plete pleasure in eating raw sea creatures but arent so inclined to chow down on uncooked birds, cows or pigs? “A big part of it is gravityor the effective lack of it in the ocean, ”says biophysicist Ole Mouritsen. “Fish are so soft. You can stick your finger through their muscles. Try doing that with a chicken or cow. Fish muscle is very different from that in land animals. Why? Because fish can afford to be lazier than land animals. Fish essentially float all the time. Fish dont have to support their body weight, so their muscle fibers are shorter and less tough than those in land animals. ”The same goes for the connective tissue holding the muscle fibers together: Its delicate and weak. By contrast, “Land animalslike ourselvesare always working to keep themselvesupright and keep their shape, ”Mouritsen says, “so our muscle fibers are thicker, tougher and firmer. ”In general, the more a muscle works, the tougher it gets. This idea explains why the belly of the tuna is very soft: The belly of the fish is the laziest muscle of them all. In contrast, those muscles that are more active in a tuna; the ones in its fins and tails, are a bit more chewier than other muscles. The muscle properties of fish also explain the rainbow of colors you see. “Fish that are constantly on the movelike a tunahave muscles that are always working and burning carbohydrates aerobically, ”Mouritsen says. The muscles need oxygen to make energy. And the molecule that carries oxygen to muscle contains iron. Guess what color iron is in the fish? Red. In contrast, fish that mostly hang out in one place or on the bottom of the ocean have muscles that dont rely on oxygen to create energy. No oxygen means no iron to carry it, which means the muscles tend to be white. So what about the salmon? They eat shellfish that are enriched with a pigment thats related to carotene in carrots. This pigment creates the characteristic bluish-gray or green color of raw shrimp and crabs. The molecule turns bright pink or orange when the salmon eats the shellfish or we cook it. 【文章大意】为什么我们喜欢生吃鱼肉, 而不是其他的肉类呢? 主要是因为鱼肉柔软, 纤维短。造成这种情况的原因是鱼类可以在海里漂浮, 而不用活动来支撑自己的体重等。5. According to Mouritsen, fish are soft because_. A. they are too lazy to move all the timeB. they dont have a heavy body weightC. they dont work constantly to fight gravityD. they have tough connective tissues【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的Fish muscle is very different from that in land animals. . . are shorter and less tough than those in land animals. 可知, 鱼可以在水中漂浮着, 而不用担心引力的问题。6. paring with the muscle in tunas belly, that in its tails is_. A. silkierB. smootherC. weakerD. firmer【解析】选D。推理判断题。结合第四段的The belly of the fish is the laziest muscle of them all. In contrast, those muscles that are more active in a tuna, the ones in its fins and tails, are a bit more chewier than other muscles. 可知, 金枪鱼的尾巴总是活动, 因此那里的肉要比腹部的肉坚韧一些。7. The writer develops the fifth paragraph mainly by_. A. making a parisonB. providing an activityC. testing an idea by reasoningD. introducing a practical method【解析】选A。文体结构题。从第五段的In contrast, fish that mostly hang out in one place or on the bottom of the ocean have muscles that dont rely on oxygen to create energy. 可知, 在谈论鱼的颜色的时候, 这一段主要通过对比活动的鱼和不积极活动的鱼产生不同的颜色叙述的。8. When we cook the salmon, it bees_. A. greenB. pink or orangeC. bluish-grayD. red and white【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后一段的The molecule turns bright pink or orange when the salmon eats the shellfish or we cook it. 可知, 烹调鲑鱼的时候, 它们会变成粉红色或橙色。9. What might be the most suitable title for the passage? A. Why fish bee a little colorfulB. Why gravity affects fishs muscleC. Why we get hooked on raw fishD. Why some fish have special colors【解析】选C。主旨大意题。本文主要说明了我们喜欢生吃鱼肉, 而不会生吃其他肉类的原因, 因此C符合主题。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How can we live better? Its a big question for xx, what with financial belt-tightening and the need to bee more green. Its an opportunity to seize, not shirk; a chance to focus on what really counts. Diet, but not to lose weight. For theres a more interesting and enriching reason for eating less. Enjoy less, not more. _1_Thats the real test for us in a consumer age. Work to live, dont live to work. In a year that will be marked by more job insecurity and credit crises, it will be even easier to work so hard that you miss what you want. Meet a friend face to face, when you might have chatted online. Friends sit down with each other, not just over the occasional meal, but frequently and often. _2_Texting and websites are part of modern friendship, but alone, they are not enough. Start each day by considering the worst that can happen. _3_But the odd thing is that it isnt. In fact, the day will never look better. So hug the worst; it probably wont happen. And enjoy the day. _4_There is a source of knowledge and insight all around us, and yet we barely notice its there. Its not Google. Its the strangers with whom we share our world. What is friendship, what is happiness, what is love? It was an extraordinary thing to do, and led to nothing less than the invention of philosophy. _5_If theres one quality that you need not just to live, but to live well, its curiosity. With that, youll really see the world, and your life, and imagine it in a different light. Poetry is hard, so turn your observations into a blog. And see how you see things differently. A. Then, you see each others body and soul. B. Do something that will surprise your friends. C. It sounds like a recipe for pessimism. D. Talk to a stranger. E. Take a technology. F. Pleasure in small things. G. Write a blog for one week. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍了在新的一年里, 怎样生活得更好的一些实际方法。1. 【解析】选F。与空格前面的Enjoy less, not more信息相一致。2. 【解析】选A。与空格前面的Friends sit down with each other朋友们经常在一起, 和A的信息相符。3. 【解析】选C。与前面的by considering the worst“考虑坏事”相符。4. 【解析】选D。与下文的Its the strangers with whom we share our world中的strangers一致。5. 【解析】选G。与下文的so turn your observations into a blog中的blog一致。. 短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线(/)画掉。修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。Dear Peter, Im very grateful for your concern about my ing exam. To tell you truth, I have been busy prepare for the exam recently. Some classmates are feeling real stressed due to the exam, but I dont take them so seriously. I always learn in a relaxing mood and Im making a great progress. Now that I had tried my best, it doesnt matter much to me what the result is. In my opinion, we should keep a good balance among our study, rest or exercise. I believe we can be succeeded if we prepare for the exam in a proper way. Id appreciate it if you could give me some good advices. Yours, Li Hua答案: 1. 【解析】第二句truth前加the。根据词组to tell you the truth说实话, 故truth前加the。2. 【解析】第二句preparepreparing。考查短语be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事。3. 【解析】第三句realreally。此处stressed是过去分词, 应用副词修饰。4. 【解析】第三句themit。根据此处应用it代替前文的the exam。5. 【解析】第四句relaxingrelaxed。in a relaxed mood以放松的心态, 表示“感到的”应用v. -ed形式。6. 【解析】第四句great前的a去掉。progress是不可数名词, 故应去掉a。7. 【解析】第五句hadhave。根据前后文可知应用现在完成时。8. 【解析】第六句orand。rest和exercise是并列关系。9. 【解析】第七句succeededsuccessful。系动词后用形容词作表语。10. 【解析】第八句advicesadvice。advice是不可数名词, 无复数形式。taste v. 尝起来flavor n. 味; 香料chew v. 咀嚼muscle n. 肌肉lose weight减肥fiber n. 纤维delicate adj. 娇弱的occasional adj. 偶尔的