2019-2020年高中英语必修9Module4Period1Introductionandreading.doc

2019-2020年高中英语必修9Module4Period1IntroductionandreadingGoals To improve fast and careful reading skills To widen vocabulary To improve speaking skills To improve writing ability To learn something about languages of the worldPeriod 1: Introduction and reading(The Worlds Top Ten Languages)ProceduresStep: Warming up1. Warming up by introducingHello boys and girls. Today we are going to learn a lesson Languages of the World. And Ill first introduce something about languages of China.There are 236 languages in China, 235 are living languages and 1 is extinct. We often hear of such dialects as Chinese Min Bei, Chinese Min Nan, Chinese Min Dong, Chinese Min Zhong and Chinese Yue. But the most spoken language is Chinese Mandarin. About 837,014,298 people speak Chinese Mandarin and they are from the following districts: north of the Changjiang River, a belt south of the Changjiang from Qiujiang (Jiangxi) to Zhenjiang (Jiangsu), Hubei except the southwestern corner of Hunan, Sishuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, the northwestern part of Guangxi and the northwestern corner of Hunan. It is also spoken in Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mongolia, Philippines, Russia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom, USA and Viet Nam.Its alternate names are: Guanhua, Beifang Fangyan, Northern Chinese, Guoyu, Standard Chinese, Putonghua and Hanyu.2. Warming up by discussingWell, as we all know, in spite of so many dialects, now more and more people only speak Chinese Mandarin. Do you think Mandarin is more important than dialects?Do you think dialects should be preserved and used to the maxium by local people?To some degree, yes. Of course, if you talk with non-local people, speaking Mandarin can show your respect to them. But we know there are particular cultures in different local munities. Dialects are used to pass the cultures from generation to generation. If a dialect is lost, then a culture will also be damaged beyond repair.Do you think Mandarin should be learned and used in most cases? That depends. If you are in your own munity municating with a local person, you can use your dialect pletely. But if you are out of your munity in a working environment and you need to talk with people from different places, you should speak Mandarin as possible as you can to show your respect to others and to make the talk easy.Should regulations be passed to force people to speak Mandarin?Both dialects and Mandarin are part of our Chinese culture. Its hard to definitely value one much higher than the other. They are equal. People who are speaking will surely make a proper choice. Laws and regulations can not reverse the trend of culture. So its unnecessary.3.Warming up by learning vocabularyTurn to the vocabulary list for Module 4 and go over the words. Find the relationship between the spelling and the pronunciation.Step2: Pre-reading1. Discuss the following questions.1) Whats your mother tongue?2) In your opinion, which are the most important world languages and why?3) Whats the point of learning foreign languages?2. Finish Part 3. (Page 43)3. Introduce some key new words.Make sure of the meaning and spelling of the following words and fill in the gaps. Change the form where necessary.ethnic minority estimate include status predict overtake furthermoreexpand establish border romantic 1) This is an e restaurant, so many people prefer eating there. 2) I was moved to tears by the r loving story. 3) Many young people desire s and security. 4) I e his ine at 5000. 5) It is p that there will be an earthquake. 6) The weather was terrible and f everything was beyond expectation. 7) He is an excellent driver, so he can always o other cars on the road. 8) The small pocket dictionary was e into a larger volume. 9) E customs are difficult to change. 10) Im in a m of one, so my proposal was turned down. 11) If a b incident cant be solved correctly, it may result in a war. 12) Your duties will I putting the children to bed. (Keys: ethnic, romantic, status, estimate, predicted, furthermore, overtake, expanded, Established, minority, border, include)Step3: Reading1. Leading inBy now we have known some information about the languages of the world. Now, lets read the text The Worlds Top Ten Languages to get some detailed information. Please read the text fast and then answer the following questions:1) Which languages are among the six official languages of the United Nations? (Putonghua, Russian)2) Which language is often called the most romantic language in the world? (French)2. Fast reading for the general ideaNow, please read the text again and decide which is the main idea of the text.A. A language may be spoken in different countries, by different people but may have the same root with another language.B. Different languages are spoken in different countries and have different roots.C. A language is mainly spoken in a country.D. Languages are connected with religion.3. Careful reading for detailsNow, read the text carefully and answer the following questions:1)Whats the western name for Putonghua? (Mandarin)2)Why do westerners call Putonghua Mandarin? (Because it was the language used by the imperial mandarins or officials.)3)How many people speak English as a second language? (375 million)4)Why cant Hindustani bee the most spoken language of the world even if the population of India could one day overtake the population of China? (Because the importance of English in India would prevent Hindustani from being the most spoken language of the world.)5)Why are there speakers of Arabic in non Arabic countries? (Because Arabic is the language of the Koran, millions of Muslims in other countries speak it as well.)6)Which languages have the same roots in Latin? (French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish)7)How did the use of Portuguese expand? (When Portugal gained independence, the use of Portuguese expanded all over the world.)8)What languages are spoken in the Caribbean? (French, English and Spanish)9)Which of the names of the languages are also nationalities? (English, Russian, Bengali, Portuguese, Indonesian, French)4: Listening to the recordingNow please listen to the recording of the text The Worlds Top Ten Languages. Pay attention to the pronunciation of each word and the pauses within each sentence. I will play the tape twice. And at the same time, please fill in the form.LanguagesPutonghuaEnglishHindustaniSpanishRussianSpeaking populationLanguagesArabicBengaliPortugueseMalay-IndonesianFrenchSpeaking populationKeys:LanguagesPutonghuaEnglishHindustaniSpanishRussianSpeaking populationMore than one billion750 millionNearly 500Million425 million277millionLanguagesArabicBengaliPortugueseMalay-IndonesianFrenchSpeaking population256 million215 million194million176 million129 millionStep4: Reading practiceRead the following passage within 5 minutes and choose the best answers to each problem.(xx Beijing)Language as a System of SymbolsOf all systems of symbols (符号), language is the most highly developed. It has been pointed out that human beings, by agreement, can make anything stand for anything. Human beings have agreed, in the course of centuries of mutual (相互的) dependency, to let the various noises that they can produce with their lungs, throats, tongues, teeth, and lips systematically stand for certain happenings in their nervous systems. We call that system of agreements language.There is no necessary connection between the symbol and that which it stands for. Just as social positions can be symbolized by feathers worn on the head, by gold on the watch chain, or by a thousand other things according to the culture we live in, so the fact of being hungry can be symbolized by a thousand different noises according to the culture we live in.However obvious these facts may appear at first glance, they are actually not so obvious as they seem except when we take special pains to think about the subject. Symbols and the things they stand for are independent of each other, yet we all have a way of feeling as if, and sometimes acting as if, there were necessary connections. For example, there are people who feel that foreign languages are unreasonable by nature: foreigners have such funny names for things, and why cant they call things by their right names? This feeling exhibits itself most strongly in those English and American tourists who seem to believe that they can make the natives of any country understand English if they shout loud enough. Like the little boy who is reported to have said:“Pigs are called pigs because they are such dirty animals,”they feel that the symbol is inherently(内在地) connected in some way with the things symbolized.1. Language is a highly developed system of symbols because human beings . A. have made use of language for centuries B. use our nervous systems to support language C. have made various noises stand for any events D. can make anything stand for anything by agreement2. What can we conclude from Paragraph 2? A. Different noises may mean different things. B. Our culture determines what a symbol stands for. C. The language we use symbolizes our social positions. D. Our social positions determine the way we are dressed.3. In Paragraph 3, “take special pains”probably means“ ”. A. try very hard B. take our time C. are very unhappy D. feel especially painful4. The example of the little boy is used to show that . A. adults often learn from young B. “pig”is a dirty word because pigs are dirty C. words are not connected with the things they stand for D. people sometimes have wrong ideas about how language works(Keys: )Step5: Homework1. Finish Part 4 and then check your answers with your partner. (Page 46)2. Try to get as much information about the countries where the top ten languages are spoken as you can.3. Learn the new words again, using the dictionary if necessary.