2019-2020年高中英语专项突破 完形填空 固定短语搭配和句式.doc

2019-2020年高中英语专项突破 完形填空 固定短语搭配和句式技能考查简介普通高中课程改革英语学科教学指导意见指出：高中英课程的总目标之一是培养学生的综合语言运用能力；语言技能和语言知识是综合语言运用能力的基础。并因此而着重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力；形成跨文化交际的意识和基本的跨文化交际能力。高中英语考试说明的命题要求明确指出：“完形填空考查学生的阅读理解能力和词汇的综合运用能力，所选语言材料要有利于考生进行语篇分析，要保证本大题有较好的区分度。”因此，高考完形填空题这种题型的设置是检验课程实施效果的方法之一。该题形要求高中生必须具备快速阅读理解一篇抽去相当数量词汇文章的内容领悟能力和分析推断能力，综合运用所学语法知识、词汇辨析能力，常识和逻辑推理能力，和具有一定的跨文化交际意识和能力。具体考查技能如下： 二、 语法知识掌握能力：语法知识的考查主要体现在某些常见的语法结构和固定句式当中。（一）语法知识（二）固定短语与句式（八）固定短语搭配和句式固定短语搭配和句式：在这方面要注意：逻辑搭配(过渡词，连接手段，指示代词，肯定，否定等)；语义搭配(区别同义词、近义词、反义词等)；结构搭配(名词，动词，形容词等在句中或文中和其他词的搭配)；惯用搭配(即通常说的固定短语结构)；固定句式也是较长出现的考查方向。e.g. By bad luck, my purse strap (带子) got 28 on a chair and the tray (托盘) that Afixed B. caught C. cut D .tied【解析】考查固定短语搭配。句意为：作者端着食物托盘走向空桌子时，他的钱包带子挂住了一把椅子，get caught on 挂住，为固定短语。一、小试牛刀： 1、At the state petition, Lola didnt fall 47 the beam. In fact, she got 8.1 out of 10- her highest score yet.47. A. toB. onC. offD. against2、 “You should mind your own 46 !” Diane replied and walked into the gentle waves.46.A. businessB. swimsuitC. friends D. parents3、Dad 23 . Just think, my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then were 24 .”23. A. apologizedB. criedC. plainedD. laughed24. A. lostB. doneC. goneD. touched4、I became a member of the pany _41_ back to 1925.41. A. bouncing B. dating C. turning D. tracking5、Then it 11 me- I had been giving all of my 11. Ahurt B. hit C. caught D .moved【答案解析】1、【解析】C。考查固定动词短语搭配。fall off掉下；从.跌落，由下文Lola得了最高分，此处指 Lola没有从平衡木上掉下来（成功了）2、【解析】B。 此处考查固定结构。mind your own business意为管好你自己的事，或不要多管闲事。3、【解析】B。考查固定搭配。本句意思是：我们每人“仅仅”需要摘十打，然后我们就结束了。be done是固定用法，意思是“结束，做完了”。4、【解析】B。考查固定搭配，date back to 追溯至。5、【解析】B。考查固定句式。it hits/strikes/occurs to sb. 为一个固定句式，意为：某人突然想起。此句意为：然后我脑海里突然想起某事. 故 B 为正确选项。二、基础巩固： 1、The tray, and its contents, 30 on a man who was just about to 31 a bite of his sandwich.31. A. take B. taste C. swallow D. chew2、That is why exercise has been shown to _53_ your self-respect.53. A. tear downB. build upC. set asideD. give out3、“What are you doing ?” a voice asked. Diane jumped. She did not know that the man was there 44 he spoke .44.A. whenB. untilC. afterD. once4、A moment later, the man came out of the washroom and_38_our table, my heart almost stopped _39_.38. A. pushed B. approached C. drew D. laid 39. A. beating B. breaking C. sinking D. trembling 5、Through the strict rehearsal period of dancing six days a week, I found it vital to _47_ up the material fast with every last bit of concentration.47.A. put B. mix C. build D. pick 【答案解析】1、【解析】A。考查固定动词短语搭配。take a bite of =bite.2、【解析】B。考查固定动词短语搭配。build up ones self-respect 增强个人的自尊心，所以选B。3、【解析】B。 考查固定句型: notuntil(直到才)。直到那个人说话，她才知道他在那里。4、【解析】A。考查动词短语固定搭配。描述“心脏跳动”的词只有beat。5、【解析】D。考查动词短语固定搭配。pick up 固定搭配，表示学习。三、能力提高：1、I found myself homeless and alone. I had my truck and $56. I _38 the countryside for some place I could rent for the 39 possible amount.38. A. crossedB. leftC. touredD. searched39. A. fullestB. largestC. fairestD. cheapest2、 48 she got off her bike and put it against the gate post, she focused on the path 49 to the house and then on the house itself.48. A. UntilB. AsC. WhileD. Because 49. A. gettingB. introducingC. leadingD. moving3、Before long, a car came 44 the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate.44. A. across B. from C. off D. up4、Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes _52_ youre much less likely to make them again.52. A. if B. and C. but D. before5、As I grew older and was _37_ to more, my interests in the world of dance _38_ varied but that little girls dream of someday being a _39_ in the pany never left me.37.A connected B. expanded C. exposed D. extended38. A. rarely B. certainly C. probably D. consistently39.A. director B. trainer C. leader D. dancer【答案解析】1、【解析】D。考查固定短语。A. crossed通过，B. left 离开，C. toured 旅游，D. searched寻找，根据句意：在穷困潦倒时，作者只得到乡村找个便宜的居所，此处搭配为searchfor 其余均不符。2、【解析】C。考查固定短语搭配。get to 到达；introduce to 介绍给；lead to 通向； move to 朝移动。本句要表达的是道路与房子的关系，应该是这条路通向那所房子，所以选择C。3、【解析】D。考查固定短语搭。利用短语分析解题。本段描述新搬来的住户，因此是路上出现了一辆汽车。A项e across 偶遇 B项e from 来自 C项e off （计划等）实现D项e up 走近 ，根据短语含义及上下文语境，可推知本空D项up正确。4、【解析】B。考查固定句形：祈使句+ and。句意：放松并自我解嘲一下自己的错误，这样你就不太可能再次犯这些错误。两句间为顺承关系。5、【解析】C。固定搭配，expose to，引申为越来越多的接触到dancing。四、终极挑战：1、On one of those hot mornings I was picking sweet with my dad to fill the last 18 from the grocery store.18. A. orderB. formC. gapD. position2、_37_ perhaps you are interested in the _38_, films or the music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a _39_ of the language.37. A. After B. So C. Though D. Or38. A literature B. transport C. Agriculture D. medicine39. A view B. knowledge C. form D. database3、The most valuabe lesson I gain from studying in France wasnt just to respect the French people 39 to respect all people, for your next best friend could be just a continent away.39. A. andB. butC. orD. so4、At that time my family lived a stones _40_ from Ismails. 40.A. drop B. throw C. move D. roll5、He 38 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder.38. A. led B. put C. drove D. shone【答案解析】1、【解析】A。考查动词固定短语。fill an order是一个固定短语，意思是“交付订货”，此句的意思是，我跟父亲正在田里摘玉米，以便交付杂货店定的货。2、【解析】B。考查动词固定短语。have a good knowledge of something意为：精通，掌握，对很熟悉。3、【解析】B。考查固定句型表达。A. and 并且；B.but但是；C.or或者；D.so。 所以。not but （不是而是）是一个常用的句形，意思是，不能单单要尊重法国人，而是要尊重所有的人，转折意思明显，故选项A正确。4、【解析】B。考查固定短语。a stones throw 近在咫尺，本句指的是我家当时离Ismail的家很近。5、【解析】D。考查固定短语。他用电筒往丛林中照。此处shine the flashlight为固定说法，意为“用电筒照”。故选D。