2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit8Adventure讲义北师大版必修.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit8Adventure讲义北师大版必修.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写 1*safari n (尤指在东非或中非的)游猎，探险旅行2*raft n. 木排，木筏3whitewater rafting 激流漂流4*horizon n. 地平线5*bungee jumping n. 蹦极 6*snowboarding n. 单板滑雪7*snowrafting n. 动力雪橇滑降 第二屏听写 8*the Antarctic南极地区9*sledge n. 雪车，雪橇10*Norwegian adj. 挪威的n. 挪威人11Arctic n. 北极，北极区12*philosophy n. 哲学13*canoe vi.&n. 乘独木舟；独木舟_ .高频词汇(汉译英)第三屏听写 1adventure n奇遇，冒险的经历2desert_n. 沙漠，荒原 3maximum adj. 最大的，最多的4*hike v. & n. 徒步旅行，远足5take_off 起飞6presenter n. 节目主持人7major adj. 较重要的；较严重的 第四屏听写 8wild_adj. 野生的；狂热的9tiring_adj. 令人疲劳的10extra adj. 特别的；额外的11optional_adj. 可选择的，非强制的12organisation n. 团体，组织，机构13unfortable_adj. 不舒服的，不自在的14*route_n. 路程，路线 第五屏听写 15porter_n行李搬运工16luggage_n. 行李17acmodation n. 住所，住处18*hostel_ n. 旅社，招待所19altitude_n. 高度，海拔20right_now 就在此刻21differ_vi. 不同于，有区别 第六屏听写 22footprint_n 脚印，足迹23anxious_adj. 忧虑的，担心的24extreme_adj. 极度的，极端的25in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便26gymnastics_n. 体操，体操训练27similarity_n. 相似性，类似性28upside_down 颠倒地，倒置地 第七屏听写 29exactly_adv.确切地，精确地30risk_vt. 冒的危险 31excitement_n. 兴奋，激动32various_adj. 不同的，各种各样的33flow_vi. 流动，涌出34equipment_n. 配备，设备35dull adj. 枯燥无味的；暗淡的；迟钝的 第八屏听写 36preference n较喜欢的东西，偏爱 37turn_up 出现，到场38back_out 决定不履行(允诺的事)39get_across 使理解(某事)40jog vi. 慢跑41traveller n. 旅行者，旅客42emperor n. 皇帝 第九屏听写 43court_n宫廷；法庭44in_turn 轮流45amaze_vt. 使惊愕(惊奇)46goods n. 商品，物品47confuse_vt. 使困惑48fuel n. 燃料49wealthy_adj. 富有的，富裕的 第十屏听写 50break_out(坏事)突然发生，爆发51put_._into_prison 把关进监狱52author n. 作者53dictation n. 口述；听写54stand_by 坚持(某种说法)55statement_ n. 陈述56quantity_n. 量，数量 第十一屏听写 57professor n教授58hunter_n. 猎人59skin_n. 皮，皮肤60on_ones_way 在途中 61preparation_n. 准备，预备62break_down 损坏，不能运转 63shock n. 震惊，惊骇 第十二屏听写 64goal n目的；目标65ambition_ n. 志向，抱负66*exhausted adj. 疲惫的67run_out_of 用完，耗尽68hopeless adj. 没有希望的69cheerful adj. 愉快的，高兴的70distant_adj. 远处的；久远的 第十三屏听写 71carry_on 继续做某事72within_prep. 在之内，在内部73sadness n. 悲哀，忧伤74function vi. 运转；发挥作用75patience n. 耐心；忍耐力76nationality_ n. 国籍77aim n. 目标；目的 第十四屏听写 78transport_ n运输，运送79observe_vt. 观察，观测80disadvantage_ n. 不利，不利条件 81staff n. 员工，全体工作人员82survival_ n. 幸存，残存83shelter_ n. 遮蔽，庇护所84limit n. 边界；限度 二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读单词1.safari n(尤指在东非或中非的)游猎，探险旅行2.raft n. 木排，木筏3.whitewater rafting 激流漂流4.horizon n. 地平线5.bungee jumping n蹦极6.snowboarding n. 单板滑雪7.snowrafting n. 动力雪橇滑降8.the Antarctic 南极地区9.sledge n雪车，雪橇10.Norwegian adj. 挪威的 n. 挪威人11.Arctic n. 北极，北极区12.philosophy n. 哲学表达单词1.adventure_ n奇遇，冒险的经历2.major adj. 较重要的；较严重的3.wild adj. 野生的；狂热的4.extra_adj. 特别的；额外的5.altitude n. 高度，海拔6.exactly adv. 确切地，精确地7.risk vt. 冒的危险 8.excitement n. 兴奋，激动9.statement_ n. 陈述10.quantity n. 量，数量11.sadness n. 悲哀，忧伤12.function vi. 运转；发挥作用13.nationality n. 国籍14.aim_n. 目标；目的15.transport_ n. 运输，运送16.disadvantage n. 不利，不利条件 17.staff n. 员工，全体工作人员18.survival n. 幸存，残存19.shelter n. 遮蔽，庇护所语境活用1.Your work has improved in quantity (数量) and quality this term.2.The brave soldier risked (冒的危险) his life to save the drowning boy.3.The government is taking measures to turn the school into a good shelter (庇护所) for all the students.4.The two Frenchmen went through strange adventures (奇遇) in the African forests.5.Upon reaching this level, temperature no longer increases with altitude (高度)6.There were so many people that the pany put on extra (额外的) buses.7.Saunders lawyer made a brief statement (陈述) to the press outside the court.8.They are now facing a major (较重要的) problem how they finish the work on time.9.Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function (正常工作) normally.10.Judging from what he has just said, the pany will reduce the staff (员工)拓展单词1.distant adj.远处的；久远的distance n遥远2.differ vi.不同于，有区别difference n不同之处different adj.不同的3.anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的anxiety n焦虑，不安4.extreme adj.极度的，极端的extremely adv.极其地，极端地5.similarly adv.同样地；类似地similar adj.同样的；类似的similarity n相似；类似6.amaze vt.使惊愕(惊奇)amazed adj.惊愕的，吃惊的amazing adj.令人惊异的amazement n吃惊，惊愕7.confuse vt.使困惑confused adj.困惑的confusing adj.令人困惑的confusion n混乱；困惑8.preparation n准备，预备prepare vt.准备；预备9.patience n耐心；忍耐力patient adj.耐心的n.病人patiently adv.耐心地语境活用1.Every family is busy preparing for the Spring Festival, for there are lots of preparations to do.(prepare)2.Similarly,_we can see this report is similar to that one. The similarity between them suggests that one person wrote both.(similar)3.With the extreme weather ing, people felt extremely cold and many got ill.(extreme)4.It is an amazing discovery so we are amazed at it; to our amazement,_it is a disabled man who made the discovery.(amaze)5.He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)6.Hes a good doctor. He always has patience with his patients and talks with them patiently.(patient)7.He was anxious to leave and he could not hide his anxiety.(anxious)8.From the appearance, we can not tell the differences between the twins, though they always have some different ideas. And as for this phenomenon, ideas differ among many people.(differ)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.right_now就在此刻2.in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便3.upside_down 颠倒地，倒置地4.turn_up 出现，到场；调高声音5.back_out 决定不履行(允诺的事)6.get_across 使理解(某事)7.in_turn 轮流8.break_out (坏事)突然发生，爆发9.put_._into_prison 把关进监狱10.stand_by 坚持(某种)说法；袖手旁观11.on_ones_way 在途中12.break_down 损坏，不能运转；失败13.run_out_of 用完，耗尽14.carry_on 继续做某事15.take_off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱掉；开始成功1.Mr.Brown is a good coach because he can get_across the play.2.It was a surprise that Richard turned_up on Christmas Eve with Tony.3.Suddenly, he found that he had run_out_of salt and had to buy some.4.First my car broke_down,_then I lost my key. It never rains but it pours！5.We eventually took_off at 11：00 am and arrived in Venice at 1：30 pm.6.After he left I just tried to carry_on as usual in spite of some difficulty.7.A big fire broke_out in the hotel last night, but all the people were able to escape from it.8.We are not prepared to stand_by and let them close our schools.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.Why do you think people would want to go on this trip？你认为人们为什么会想去进行这次旅行？do you think为插入语，结构：特殊疑问词do you think陈述语序？你认为这本书中哪一部分最有趣？Which part of this book do_you_think is the most interesting？2.When I turned up for my first jump I was so nervous that I tried to back out, but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.我第一次站在跳台上紧张得真想退缩下来，但是朋友们说服了我。“so . that”引导结果状语从句。(四川高考满分作文)每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，所以我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。Keeping a learning diary every day is so_important_that I would like to introduce it to you.3.Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.虽然人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可写的关于中国的东西太离奇而不可信。too . to .“太而不能”。我们本打算旅游两天，但是太忙了，抽不出时间。We had intended to take a twoday trip, but we were_too_busy_to_afford it.4.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.接下来极地冬日的极夜时期到来了。全部倒装句。(xx上海高考满分作文)在图画中，三个学生围坐在桌子周围，桌子上有三本书。In that picture, around the table with three books on it sit_three_students.5.The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking.接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走不便。have difficulty (in) doing sth.“在做某事方面有困难”。由于缺乏独立，目前大部分学生很难适应大学生活。For lack of independence, most students have_difficulty_(in)_adapting_to college life at present.(四)初中考点再回顾高频考查类记熟文化差异类辨清易忘易错类勤览1.by_asking_the_teacher_for_help通过求助老师2.close_to_home 离家近3.cant put . down 爱不释手4.caring adj.体贴人的；关心他人的5e over 过来；拜访6.connect . with . 与联系1.something_else别的东西2.at_the_same_time 与此同时3.keep . to oneself 保守秘密4.make careless mistakes 犯粗心的错误5.Im not available. 我没有空。6.run away from problems 逃避问题1.Mickey Mouse米老鼠2.Donald Duck 唐老鸭3.Snow White 白雪公主4.Cinderella 灰姑娘5.Santa Claus 圣诞老人6.Thumbelina 拇指姑娘一、过重点单词1differ vi.不同于，有区别教材原句How do the tourists differ from local people?旅游者与当地居民有什么不同呢？(1)differ from . in . 在方面与不同differ with sb. 与某人意见不同(2)different adj. 不同的，有差异的be different from . 不同于(3)difference n. 差异，差别make a/no difference 有/无影响tell the difference between A and B指出A与B的不同多角练透单句语法填空Old English is different from the English we speak now.I differ with him on that point, though he may be right.Can you tell the difference (differ) between an ape and a monkey?完成句子Even though we pletely_differ_from_each_other_in_character,_we are still great friends. 虽然我们在性格上完全不同，但我们仍然是很好的朋友。Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a lowcarbon life can we make_a_difference.只有我们知道在日常生活中做什么，过一种低碳生活，我们才能有所作为。2risk vt.冒的危险 n冒险；危险；风险教材原句What makes people risk their lives to do them?是什么使人们冒着生命危险去做这些事呢？(1)risk (doing) sth. 冒险(做)某事(2)at the risk of (doing) sth. 冒着(做)某事的风险take/run the risk of (doing) sth. 冒的危险；冒险做某事take/run a risk/risks 冒险at risk 处境危险；遭受危险at all risks/at any risk 无论冒什么风险，无论如何多角练透单句语法填空By criticizing her boss, she risked losing (lose) her position.He was determined to do it even at the risk of being_laughed (laugh) at.完成句子Whoever you are, dont take/run_the_risk_of_doing_a_job like that.无论你是谁，都不要冒险做那样一份工作。The passerby saved the boys life_at_the_risk_of_losing_his_own_life.路人冒着失去自己生命的危险，救下了这个男孩的命。3confuse vt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆教材原句He was also confused by the black stones people used to burn for fuel.他也对人们用来当燃料燃烧的黑色石头感到困惑。(1)confuse A with/and B将A和B混淆(2)confused adj. 困惑的，糊涂的；不清楚的be/get confused 被弄糊涂confusing adj. 令人迷惑的(3)confusion n. 混乱；困惑in confusion 困惑地，困窘地；乱七八糟，处于混乱状态多角练透单句语法填空His writing is so confusing (confuse) that its difficult to make out what he is trying to express.As teenagers grow, it is normal for them to bee confused (confuse) about the changing world.完成句子I always confuse_you_with_your_sister you look so alike.我总是把你和你妹妹搞混你们太像了。He looked at me in_confusion and did not answer the question.他困惑地看着我，没有回答问题。4quantity n量，数量教材原句He went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities.他去了一个大量生产铁的城市。许多/大量in quantity 大量地题点全练单句语法填空We can offer you a better price if you can buy it in quantity/large quantities.As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has_covered (cover) the land.A large quantity of good earth is_washed (wash) away in this area every year.Large quantities of good earth are_washed (wash) away in this area every year.5preparation n准备，预备教材原句During the polar summer of 19101911, both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.在19101911年的南极夏季期间，两个探险队为准备第二年的旅行组建了食品储存处。为(做)某事做准备 (be) in preparation 在准备中(2)prepare vt. 预备；筹备；调制；为做准备 vi. 准备；预备；作准备prepare to do sth. 准备做某事prepare (sb.) for sth. (使某人)为某事做准备(3)prepared adj. 有准备的，事先准备好的愿意做某事；为(做)某事做好准备多角练透单句语法填空The children had been prepared to_show (show) me their latest projects.The best preparation (prepare) for tomorrow is doing your best today.完成句子The teacher is_preparing_the_reviewing_quiz,_while the students are_preparing_for it.老师正在准备复习测试题，而学生正在为测试做准备。In_preparation_for the 2020 Olympic Games, he trains hard every day.为备战2020年奥运会，他每天都刻苦训练。Well do everything in our power to help you, but you must get_prepared_to_meet_all_kinds_of_difficulties.我们将竭尽全力帮助你，但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。Mrs. White is busy making_preparations_for her daughters wedding.怀特夫人正忙着为女儿的婚礼做准备。6aim n目标，目的；瞄准 vi.& vt.瞄准；对准；针对；旨在；(向某方向)努力经典例句Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims.(牛津P36)要达到这些目标需要齐心协力。练牢基点写出句中aim的含义Theyre aiming at training everybody by the end of the year.(向某方向)努力Before the hunter could take aim, the deer jumped out of sight.瞄准Our aim is to make the students speech prehensible.目标，目的This antismoking campaign is mainly aimed at young teenagers.针对系统考点(1)take aim at向瞄准with the aim of 以为目标；旨在(2)aim sth. at sb./sth. 用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物aim at doing sth./aim to do sth. 意欲/企图/旨在做某事be aimed at 目的是；旨在(3)aimless adj. 无目的的aimlessly adv. 无目的地练通重点单句语法填空Im aiming to_lose (lose) 4 kilograms before the summer holidays.They will start their project, aiming at helping (help) the poor children to be educated in the west of China.Dont argue aimlessly (aim). Lets sit down and talk things over.The visit was aimed at expanding relations between the two countries.完成句子She visited the school with_the_aim_of seeing the library.她参观学校的目的是看看图书馆。Slowly he raised his bow and began to take_aim_at the bird.慢慢地他举起弓，开始瞄准那只鸟。7observe vt.观察，观测；遵守；庆祝高考佳句Observe carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.(xx北京高考)在实验室做实验时，要仔细观察是否有变化发生。练牢基点写出句中observe的含义Therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed.遵守He made a telescope through which he could observe the stars.观察Could you tell me how you usually observe Thanksgiving Day in your country？庆祝系统考点(1)observe sb.do/doing sth.看到某人做了/正在做某事observe sth.done 看到某事被做observe a rule 遵守规则observe the law 遵守法律(2)observer n. 观察者observation n. 观察；观察力；观测under observation 在观察中，在监视中练通重点单句语法填空She observed a man walking (walk) on the opposite side of the way.He is often observed to_cheat (cheat) at cards.完成句子All the citizens should observe_the_law without exception.所有的公民都要守法，没有例外。The police decided to put him under_observation because he looked dangerous.因为他看起来很危险，所以警察决定监视他。名师指津observe作“观察；注意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或v.ing形式作宾语补足语；但如果用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。8limit vt.限制；限定 n界限；边界；限度高考佳句The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.(xx全国卷满分作文)文章的长度应限制在四百词左右。(1)limit . to .把限定在范围内(2)set a limit to/on . 对规定限度within the limits of . 在范围内within limits 在一定范围内；有限度地without limit 无限地(3)limited adj. 有限的be limited to sth. 受限制于某物多角练透单句语法填空He was born in a poor family, and only received limited (limit) education in his childhood.There is a limit to ones life, but no limit to serving (serve) the people.Ive been asked to limit my speech to ten minutes maximum.完成句子Within_the_limits_of legal rights, people are free to do as they please.在法律权限范围内，人们可以自由地做他们高兴做的事。We must set_a_limit_to the expense of the trip.我们必须为此次旅游费用定一个限额。Our life has a limit, but knowledge is without_limit.生命有限，知识无涯。.单句语法填空1He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.2He stopped in confusion (confuse) as everyone turned to look at him.3When I passed his house, I observed him playing (play) in his yard.4How will you use the limited (limit) time you have?5Neither should we embrace online voting aimlessly (aimless) nor can we deny it pletely. 6Changing schools did make a difference (differ) to my life.7So far large quantities of information have_been_stored (store) in the puter.8The monitor assigned us to make preparations for the uping Christmas party.单句改错1Confusing by the question, the boy turned to his teacher for further explanation.ConfusingConfused2The thief was observed open the window and run away.observed后加to3People who can speak English are at the majority in this country.atin4A large quantity of money have been collected to help those suffering from the floods.havehas5The team have been training hard in preparations for the big game.preparationspreparation.句型转换/一句多译1A large quantity of water has been polluted already, which makes the river around the village smell terrible.Large quantities of water have been polluted already, which makes the river around the village smell terrible.2美国人和中国人在时间的处理上非常不一样。Americans_and_Chinese_differ_in_managing_time.(differ in)Americans_differ_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(differ from)Americans_are_different_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(different)3汤姆正在学习，为下次考试做准备。Tom_is_studying_in_preparation_for_the_next_examination.(in preparation for)Tom_is_studying_to_make_preparations_for_the_next_examination. (make preparations for)4为了通过驾照考试，他努力训练。He trained hard with_the_aim_of_passing_the_driving_test. (with the aim of)He trained hard, aiming_at_passing_the_driving_test.(aim at)He trained hard, aiming_to_pass_the_driving_test.(aim to do sth.)二、过短语、句式1take off起飞；脱去(衣服)；开始成功；休假；匆匆离去经典例句When he saw me ing he took off in the opposite direction.(牛津P2059)他见我走过来便赶快转身走了。一词多义写出句中take off的含义She got a cold as soon as she took off her coat when she got home from work.脱掉Hurry up. The plane will take off in about half an hour.起飞Congratulations, Paulo! Now maybe you can take a few days off.休假After his third film, his career of film performance took off.开始成功归纳拓展take over接任，接管；接收；取得主导地位take in_ 吸收，理解；受骗；接待take up 拿起；占据；对有兴趣；开始从事take on 呈现；雇用；承担He was homeless, so we took him in. 他无家可归，我们便收留了他。Im sorry Ive already taken up so much of your valuable time.对不起，我占用了你这么多宝贵时间。(天津高考满分作文)There will be many challenges ahead, but I have confidence that Ill take on the burden.尽管前面有很多挑战，但我有信心勇挑重担。2get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过(马路、河等)教材原句Its difficult to get across how exciting it is!要讲清楚这是多么令人兴奋的事并不容易！归纳拓展get across_to (sb.)/get sth.across_to (sb.)被传达/理解；把讲清楚get away from 逃离；远离；避开get down_to (doing) 开始认真处理/对待，开始(做)get through 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完；通过应用领悟We must get across to the public the simple fact that drugs are dangerous.我们必须让大众了解这个简单的事实：毒品很危险。Its time that I got down to thinking about my future.我该好好考虑一下我的未来了。After that, he knew he could get through any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.在此之后，他知道只要尽全力就能成功应对一切紧急事件。3break down损坏，不能运转；(身体)垮掉；失败；崩溃；拆毁，拆除；分解教材原句First, his two sledges broke down, and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.先是他的两个雪橇坏了，接着马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。一词多义写出句中break down的含义His health broke down under the pressure of work.(身体)垮掉The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached.(谈判)失败To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it down into parts.分解The firemen broke down the wall in order to gain quick access to the building on fire.拆毁，拆除He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the airconditioning system broke down.损坏，不能运转归纳拓展break into破门而入，强行闯入(后接宾语)；突然开始(哭、唱等)break in_ 闯入；插话，打断break away from 突然挣脱，摆脱break out_ (坏事)突然发生，爆发break up_ 结束；粉碎，破碎；解散break through 取得突破；克服Should another world war break out, what would bee of human beings?万一又一次世界大战爆发，人类将会发生什么事？In order to get some money, the man broke up that old machine and sold some parts.为了弄些钱，那个人拆散了那部旧机器，卖掉部分零件。Scientists think they are beginning t