2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit5Firstaid讲义新人教版必修.doc

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习Unit5Firstaid讲义新人教版必修一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1bleed vi.& vt.流血2ankle n. 踝(关节)3choke vi.& vt. (使)噎住；(使)窒息4cupboard n. 橱柜；衣柜5ray n. 光线；射线6liquid n. 液体 第二屏听写7radiation n辐射；射线8pan n. 平底锅；盘子9stove n. 炉子；火炉10tissue n. (生物)组织；薄的织物；手巾纸11swollen adj. 肿胀的12scissors n(pl.) 剪刀 第三屏听写13basin n盆；盆地14bandage n. 绷带15kettle n. (水)壶；罐16wrist n. 手腕17sleeve n. 袖子18blouse n. 女衬衫19throat n. 咽喉；喉咙 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写1aid n& vt.帮助；援助；资助2temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的3injury n. 损伤；伤害4skin n. 皮；皮肤5organ n. 器官6barrier n. 屏障；障碍(物) 第五屏听写7poison n毒药；毒害vt. 毒害；使中毒8plex adj. 复杂的9variety n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性)10mild adj. 轻微的；温和的；温柔的11mildly adv. 轻微地；温和地 第六屏听写12unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的13squeeze vt.& vi. 榨；挤；压榨14vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的15symptom n. 症状；征兆16pour vt.& vi. 倒；灌；注；涌17damp adj. 潮湿的18tight adj. 牢的；紧的；紧密的 第七屏听写19tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地20firm adj. (动作)稳定有力的；坚定的21firmly adv. 坚固地；稳定地22ceremony n. 典礼；仪式；礼节23bravery n. 勇敢；勇气24treat vt.& vi. 治疗；对待；款待n. 款待；招待 第八屏听写25apply vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi. 申请；请求；使用；有效26pressure n. 压力；挤压；压迫(感)27ambulance n. 救护车28swell vi.& vt. (使)膨胀；隆起29first_aid (对伤患者的)急救30fall_ill 生病 第九屏听写31electric_shock触电；电休克32squeeze_out 榨出；挤出33over_and_over_again 反复；多次34in_place 在适当的位置；适当35a_number_of 若干；许多36put_ones_hands_on 找到37make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 二、单元核心考点初热身提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词用时少功效高识记单词写对.知其意(英译汉)1.choke vi.& vt. (使)噎住；(使)窒息2.ray n. 光线；射线3.radiation n. 辐射；射线4.tissue n. (生物)组织；薄的织物； 手巾纸5.scissors n(pl.) 剪刀6.bandage n. 绷带7.throat n. 咽喉；喉咙.写其形(汉译英)1plex adj. 复杂的2.ceremony n. 典礼；仪式；礼节3.organ n 器官4.skin n. 皮；皮肤5.damp adj. 潮湿的6.ambulance n. 救护车7.temporary adj. 暂时的；临时的8.pour vt.& vi. 倒；灌；注；涌核心单词练通1.As everybody knows, cancer doesnt show any symptoms (症状) in its early stages.2.Cut the lemon in half and squeeze (榨；挤) the juice out into the bowl.3.The skin, whose functions are very plex, is our bodys largest organ which acts as a barrier (屏障) against disease and the suns harmful rays.4.One of the station staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid (援助)5.The nurse applied pressure (压力) to his arm to stop the bleeding.6.We find such rudeness quite unbearable (难以忍受的)7.It was vital (至关重要的) to show that he was not afraid.8.He applied (申请) to be sent to the northwest of China.拓展单词用活记全记牢1.tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地2.firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地3.bravery n勇敢；勇气brave adj.勇敢的；有勇气的bravely adv.勇敢地4.treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待treatment n治疗；疗法；对待；待遇5.variety n变化；多样(化)；多变(性)various adj.各种各样的vary v改变；使多样化6.mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildly adv.轻微地；温和地7.injury n损伤；伤害injure vt.损伤；伤害；使受伤injured adj.受伤的；有伤的8.poison n毒药；毒害vt.毒害；使中毒poisonous adj.有毒的用准用活1.He said mildly (mild) to me that he didnt mean to upset me.2.The burning plastic gave off poisonous (poison) gas, which is harmful to our health.3.I firmly (firm) believe that the more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.4.The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster.Their bravery deserved to be praised.(brave)5.We like to live a life full of variety and our tastes are various.(vary)6.People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat)7.Tom got badly injured in the car accident.The injury to his leg was really serious.(injury)1.“帮助”家族aid n& vt.帮助；援助favour n. 帮助；好意assist vt. 帮助；协助assistance n. 帮助；协助support n& vt. 支持；帮助help vt. 帮助2.“ure”结尾的高频名词小结pressure压力pleasure 乐事；快乐exposure 暴露；揭发failure 失败mixture 混合物signature 签名3.“成双成对”的名词荟萃scissors剪刀jeans 牛仔裤headphones 耳机trousers 裤子glasses 眼镜shoes 鞋子passes 圆规(二)语段串记短语不枯燥兴趣高先 写 对再 用 准第一组1.first_aid (对伤患者的)急救2.fall_ill 生病3.make_a_difference 区别对待；有影响； 起(重要)作用4.over_and_over_again 反复；多次5.act_as 担任In our daily life, we often need to do some temporary treatments when someone is mildly burnt, falls_ill or bees poisoned suddenly.In order to perform first_aid properly, we must know about a variety of mon symptoms and practice the first aid process over_and_over_again.In a word, first aid can make_a_difference in our life.第二组1.squeeze_out榨出；挤出2.in_place 在适当的位置；适当3.prevent_.from_. 阻止4.put_ones_hands_on 找到5.a_knowledge_of 懂；了解A_knowledge_of mon practices for first aid is vital in our daily life.If a person is drowning, you must squeeze_out the water in his stomach at first.As for bleeding badly, put_your_hands_on a clean handkerchief or a piece of cloth, press it on the bleeding point and hold it in_place. The way to deal with being poisoned by the gas is to open the doors and windows to let the fresh air in.1.“make an.”短语荟萃make a difference 区别对待；有影响make a mistake 弄错make a point 阐述观点make a promise 许诺2.“fall的短语”集中营fall ill生病fall asleep睡着；入睡fall behind 落在后面 fall down 倒下；跌倒；倒塌fall off 下降；跌落 fall over 跌倒fall in love with . 爱上 fall into the habit of . 形成习惯(三)仿写用活句式造佳句表达高背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1. it is where you feel cold, heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.正是皮肤让你感到冷热和疼痛，皮肤还使你有触觉。where在句中引导表语从句，表示“的地方”，相当于the place where，在表语从句中作地点状语。他想去巴黎，但我更喜欢去伦敦，那就是我们的分歧所在。He wants to go to Paris, but I prefer to go to London; thats_where_we_differ.2.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。if necessary为省略句，补全后为：if it is necessary。如果有必要的话，我将亲自去那儿一趟。If_necessary,_Ill go there myself.3.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到了尖叫声。be doing . when .意为“正在做突然”。昨晚我正在做作业，突然停电了。I was_doing_homework_last_night_when electricity was cut off.4.There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能，挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。There is no doubt that .“毫无疑问”，其中的that引导同位语从句。毫无疑问，那里的孩子极需要关爱和帮助。There_is_no_doubt_that children there are badly in need of care and help.考点新组合阅读微技能There is no doubt that it is vital _ (know) some knowledge of first aid as danger lies in everywhere and accidents happen from time to time.For example, we can get cut by a variety of things.When your hand bleeds, treat it in time.If the cut is not serious, press it _ (firm) and soon it will stop bleeding.If the cut is deep, first tie a bandage around it and then ask a doctor to apply some medicine to it.1.处应填词的正确形式为 to_know。2.改正处错误：去掉in。3.用形容词替换处的a variety of：various。4.处应填词的正确形式为 firmly。1vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的be vital for/to sth.对极为重要It is vital that . (should) do sth. 是十分重要的It is vital to do sth. 做某事很重要多角练透单句语法填空Enough sleep is vital for/to the students wellbeing and health.As far as Im concerned, it is vital to_keep (keep) accurate records.单句写作如果我们要想在生活中发挥作用，重要的一点就是我们应该从小事开始。(xx湖北高考短文写作)If we are to make a difference in life, its vital that we (should)_begin_with_small_things.2aid n& vt.帮助；援助；资助(1)do/offer/give/perform/carry out first aid to sb.对某人进行急救with the aid of sb.with sb.s aid 在某人的帮助下in aid of 为了援助go/e to ones aid 去/来援助某人applying for aid 申请支援(2)aid sb.in sth./doing sth. 在某方面帮助某人aid sb.with sth. 以某事/某物帮助某人aid sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事多角练透单句语法填空I aid the poor girl in continuing (continue) her study.They were accused of aiding him to_escape (escape)单句改错With aid of opening the door, they fixed a handle in it.WithIn补全句子With_the_aid_of_our_English_teacher,_we have made great progress this term.在我们英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们取得了很大的进步。I couldnt speak any French, but a nice man came_to_my_aid and told me where to go.我不会说法语，但是一位好心的男士来帮助我并告诉我怎么走。3treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待n.款待；招待(1)treat sb. as .把某人当看待treat sth.seriously 认真对待某事/某物treat sb./oneself to 用款待某人/自己(2)Its my treat. 我请客。多角练透单句语法填空Men and women must be_treated (treat) equally in education and employment.(xx陕西高考)Drink driving should be treated as a crime regardless of whether the driver causes a crash.单句改错Ill treat you for lunch at the restaurant in front of our school.fortoTreat the earth serious, for it is not given to you by your parents but lent to you by your children.seriousseriously4apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效练牢基点写出下列句中apply的含义You may apply in person or by letter; either will be OK.申请At last he apply a little wax polish (蜡油) on the leg.涂；敷The new discovery may be applied in medicine.应用；运用系统考点(1)apply . to .把运用到中； 把涂到上apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于apply to . 适应/适用apply (to .) for . (向)申请(2)applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请；申请书；适用练通重点单句语法填空If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her.(xx山东高考)Over the years, he has applied himself to improving (improve) the living conditions of the migrant workers.单句写作我写信是想申请学生志愿者这个职位。(xx陕西高考书面表达)Im writing to_apply_for_the_position as a student volunteer.考点新组合阅读微技能One day, Tom was driving his car to his pany when he saw a girl injured in a traffic accident. _， the girl was bleeding.Jumping out of the car, Tom gave her first aid and then put her in place and waited for the ambulance. As a result, his knowledge of first aid made a difference _ the girl.1.在处填入适当过渡语(更糟糕的是)：To_make_things_worse。2.把处画波浪线部分改为非谓语动词形式作状语：waiting_for_the_ambulance。3.处应填入的词为：to。5in place在适当的位置；适当(1)out of place不在适当位置；不合适in place of 代替；取代in the first place 首先；第一点(2)take place 发生take ones place 就座；代替take the place of 代替；取代多角练透用in place/in place of/out of place/take the place of填空Youd better put things back in_place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find them.Some of these books are out_of_place,_making the whole room messy.We want another girl in_place_of her.We want another girl to take_the_place_of her.单句写作首先，我把散落在屋子里的所有书、报纸和其他东西收拾起来，并把它们放在适当的位置。(xx陕西高考书面表达)Firstly I collected all the books, newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put_them_in_place.6make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用(1)make a difference to对有作用/有影响make some/no/little difference (to .) (对)有些/没作用或影响(2)tell the difference (between . and .) 辨别/区分(与)多角练透单句语法填空His words make no difference to him, for he is quite stubborn.Does it make any/a difference whether she will e to our party? The twins are so alike; its difficult to tell the difference between them.单句写作我不仅不会到处丢垃圾吐痰，而且无论何时都会帮忙清理路边的垃圾。我希望我的行为能起到作用。(xx安徽高考书面表达)Not only will I keep from littering and spitting anywhere, I will also help clean up the roadside litter whenever possible.I hope my_behavior_will_make_a_difference.7be doing .when .John was_studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到了一声尖叫。 be doing . when .“正在做这时(突然)”，when 为并列连词，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at this/that time。Last Monday, I was_walking (walk) in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle.上周一，我正在街上散步，突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。be about to do . when . 正要做这时(突然)be on the point of doing . when . 正要做这时(突然)had just done . when . 刚做完这时(突然)I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.(xx福建高考书面表达)I was_on_the_point_of_giving_up_when my best friend encouraged me to go on.我正要放弃这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。I had_just_finished my exam paper when the bell rang.我刚做完试卷，下课铃就响了。单元语基落实.单句语法填空1We must apply what we have learned to our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice.2I like to have everything in place.3Some students often pour out their trouble to our teachers.4. As is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.5If you try and lift that heavy suitcase, you will do yourself an injury.6As everyone can see, education is vital to/for the countrys future.7We have a lot in mon; that is where we can cooperate.8Dont put so much pressure (press) on the children. Its harmful to their health.9They had_covered (cover)three miles when they realized they had left their IDs at home.10Tom took off his wet clothes and squeezed the water out.单句改错1With aid of a pass the traveler can find the land.With后加the2Dont take anything away.Mother likes everything to be in the place.去掉the3You would pass your exams if you applied you to your study.to前的youyourself4A few kind words at the right time make difference.difference前加a5She was thinking about the problem then Tom patted her.thenwhen6Little Tom, who got burned while he was setting off fireworks, is treated in hospital now.is后加being7He read every book he could put his hand on.handhands8Yang Lan had knowledge of English when she was in the university.had后加a.根据提示词和相关要求补全句子1上星期我收到你的邮件，但是我忙于期末考试，它对我而言很重要，因此没有及时给你回信。(vital)I received your email last week, but I am busy preparing for my final exam, which is_vital_to/for_me,_so I didnt reply to you without delay.2(xx陕西高考满分作文)正如你们都知道的那样，我们学校在英语教学方面非常独特。(as引导的定语从句)As_is_known_to_you,_our school is unique in English teaching and studying for all the students.3反复练习它直到记住。(over and over again)Practice_it_over_and_over_again until you remember it.4只有我们知道日常生活做什么，过一种低碳生活，我们才能有所不同。(make a difference)Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a lowcarbon life can_we_make_a_difference.5如果我们能做到如上所述，毫无疑问，我们就能掌握英语。(there is no doubt that)If we can do as mentioned above, there_is_no_doubt_that_we_can_master_English.6(xx湖北高考短文写作)我去书店的路上，在一个十字路口等绿灯，这时一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆驶过的汽车撞倒了。(be doing . when .)I was on my way to the bookstore and was_waiting_for_the_green_light_at_a_crossing_when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car.句型转换/一句多译1I want you to keep working unless I tell you to stop.I_want_you_to_keep_working_if_I_dont_tell_you_to_stop.(用if从句改写)2If you apply yourself to the job in hand, youll soon finish it.Applying_yourself_to_the_job_in_hand,_youll_soon_finish_it.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)3我的教授帮助我继续做研究。My professor aided me to_continue (continue) my research.My professor aided me in continuing (continue) my research.My professor aided me in my research.4有各种各样的方法来处理这些问题。There are various ways of dealing with such matters.There are a_variety_of ways of dealing with such matters.There are varieties_of ways of dealing with such matters.高考拆组训练阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解AMost buildings are built to stand up straight, but these look as if they might fall over!The church tower of SuurhusenBuilt in 1450, the 27metrehigh church tower lies in Suurhusen, Germany. It was built in wet land on foundations of oak tree trunks (树干). When the land was drained (排水) later, the wood broke down, causing one side of the tower to be a little lower than the other. In 1975, the tower became a real hazard and people were not allowed to enter until the foundations were made strong again. The lean (倾斜) of the tower is now about five degrees.The Leaning Tower of PisaThe work of building the tower began in 1173, and was finally pleted in 1372. In fact, it began to lean after just a couple of floors were built. And this condition continued in the centuries after its pletion. The tower was finally closed to the public in 1990 after people failed to stabilize (使稳固) its foundations. In xx, it was reopened after engineers removed soil from underneath its raised side. Now it leans just an angle of 3.97 degrees.Capital Gate of Abu Dhabipleted in 2011, the Capital Gate tower in Abu Dhabi was designed to lean eighteen degrees. The building stands next to the Abu Dhabi National Exhibition Centre and contains, among other things, a fine hotel with wonderful views of the harbour. Also known as the leaning tower of Abu Dhabi, the tower is one of the tallest buildings in the city.Big Ben of LondonThe building leans 0.26 degrees to the northwest. This was mainly caused by the engineering projects (项目) that have been carried out in the ground below it since the late 1800s. The tower, which has been continuously open since it was pleted in 1858, has nowhere near the lean of the Tower of Pisa and is still pletely safe to enter.1The underlined word “hazard” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_”AdangerBchurchCcastle Dtreasure解析：选A词义猜测题。由该词后的“people were not allowed to enter until the foundations were made strong again”可知，塔由于倾斜变得危险了，所以不允许人们进去了，故选A项。2What can we learn about the Leaning Tower of Pisa?AIt didnt lean until ten years after its pletion.BIt took almost two hundred years to plete.CIt was built on foundations of oak tree trunks.DIt has been open since it was pleted.解析：选B细节理解题。由第三段中的“The work of building the tower began in 1173, and was finally pleted in 1372.”可知，建成比萨斜塔用了将近200年的时间，故选B项。3Which of the following towers leans the most according to the text?AThe church tower of Suurhusen.BThe Leaning Tower of Pisa.CCapital Gate of Abu Dhabi.DBig Ben of London.解析：选C细节理解题。由第二段中的“five degrees”，第三段中的“3.97 degrees”，第四段中的“eighteen degrees”和最后一段中的“0.26 degrees”可知，C项为正确答案。BFirst aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life. In many emergencies, first aid may prevent a victims condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make a difference.Firstaid measures depend upon the victims needs and the providers level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal (脊柱的) injury and paralysis (瘫痪)Despite the variety of injuries, several principles of first aid can apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking people around or the injured persons family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes (糖尿病) or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene bees unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether lifethreatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victims condition is known as the acronym (首字母缩略词) ABC, which stands for：AAirway: Is it open and clear?BBreathing: Is the person breathing? Look, listen and feel for breathing.CCirculation: Is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indi