资源描述
走向高考 英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版(课标卷地区) 高考总复习,Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero,必修一,第一部分 基础知识聚焦,1achievement n成就 2determination n决心 3admire vt.钦佩；欣赏 4respect vt.尊敬 5sacrifice vt.牺牲 6ambitious adj.有雄心壮志的 7attractive adj.有魅力的 8confident adj.自信的,9educated adj.受过教育的 10enthusiastic adj.热情的 11dream of 梦想 12be interested in 对感兴趣 13be satisfied/content with 对满意 14have much knowledge of 精通 15be active in 积极从事于 16devote oneself/ones life to 献身于；专心于,(2014广东写作第二节改编) 75岁的Miss McCarty以洗衣为生，自己甘守清贫，但却为南密西西比大学的贫穷学子捐赠了十五万美元。 用约120个词就Miss McCarty的捐助谈谈你的想法，内容包括： (1)你如何看待她的捐助行为； (2)你认为她的捐助对受惠学生有哪些影响； (3)如果你自己要捐助，你会选择哪个群体并陈述理由。 注意：开头已给出，不计入总词数。,Its reported that a kind laundry woman who got paid lowly decided to donate to a university a great deal of money she had saved by living a simple life, hoping to help those students with financial problems. 发表看法I am really moved and inspired by her kindness. She herself lived a simple or rather poor life but she was so generous to the people in need of help. She showed special concern for the college students and attached much importance to education. She is an ordinary woman but she is really worth respecting.,影响学生In my opinion, those who have received her donation will be encouraged to study even harder and try their best to achieve success. With this experience, they will certainly prefer to help others in future just like the laundrywoman has done. Then the world will be a beautiful one filled with kindness and love. 影响自己If I have the chance to donate, I will also help the students with financial problems, for I know they are the future of the world. As long as there is kindness and virtue, the world will become more beautiful.,.完成句子 1他不仅对科学感兴趣，而且也极具音乐天赋。 Not only is he interested in science, but he also has a gift for music. 2他是如此努力地工作，以至于他几乎把所有的时间都献给了我们的人类事业。 So hard does he work that he devotes almost all his time to our human cause.,.句型转换 1把句画线部分改为分词 Given the chance to donate, Ill also help the students.,.单词速记 A识记单词 1_ (adj.) 慷慨的；大方的 2_ (n.) 舞台；阶段；时期 3_ (vt. & vi.) 投票；选举 (n.) 投票；选票；表决 4_ (vt.) 进攻；攻击；抨击 5_ (vi.) 逃脱；逃走；泄露 6_ (n.) 意见；看法；主张,generous,stage,vote,attack,escape,opinion,B联想串记 7_ (n.)质量；品质；性质_ (形似词，n.)数量，量 8_ (adj.)积极的；活跃的_ (adv.)积极地；活跃地_ (n.)活动 9_ (vt.)献身；专心于_ (adj.)忠实的；深爱的_ (n.)关爱；献身，奉献；忠诚 10_ (adj.)和平的；平静的；安宁的_ (adv.)和平地_ (n.)和平；平静；和睦,quality,quantity,active,actively,activity,devote,devoted,devotion,peaceful,peacefully,peace,11_ (adj.)法律的；依照法律的_ (反义词，adj.)非法的，违法的 12_ (n.)暴力；暴行_ (adj.)暴力的，猛烈的 13_ (adj.)相等的；平等的_ (n.)平等；相等_ (adv.)同样地；相等地；公平地,legal,illegal,violence,violent,equal,equality,equally,14_ (vt.)教育；训练_ (adj.)受过教育的；有教养的_ (n.)教育_ (n.)教育工作者，教育家 15_ (vi.)请求；乞求_ (n.)乞丐 16_ (n.)报酬；奖金(vt.)酬劳；奖赏_ (adj.)值得的；有益的；有回报的,educate,educated,education,educator,beg,beggar,reward,rewarding,.短语互译 1在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 _ 2求助于；致力于 _ 3当权；上台 _ 4被判处(徒刑) _ 5out of work _ 6as a matter of fact _ 7blow up _ 8be willing to do sth. _ 9lose heart _ 10set up _,in trouble,turn to,come to power,be sentenced to,失业,事实上,使充气；爆炸,愿意做某事,丧失勇气或信心,设立；建立,.典句析练 1关系副词when引导的定语从句 However, _(这是一个的时期) one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 【仿写】你还记得我们第一次见面的那个下午吗？ Do you remember the afternoon _？,2关系副词where引导的定语从句 Until today we have reached _(的阶段) we have almost no rights at all. 【仿写】他们最小的孩子到了能说个别字词的阶段了。 Their youngest child _ he can say individual words.,3only引导的倒装句 _(直到那时我们才决定) answer violence with violence. 【仿写】只有当他们失去自由时，他们才懂得它的价值。 _ _.,4the first time引导的时间状语从句 I felt bad _ (我第一次跟一个小组谈论时) 【仿写】他们第一次游览科技馆的时候，就对他们看到的所有事物产生了很大的兴趣。 _， they showed great interest in everything they saw.,答案：1.this was a time when; when we first met 2a stage where；has reached a stage where 3Only then did we decide to; Only when they lost freedom did they know its value 4the first time I talked to a group; The first time they visited the Science Museum,.课文缩写语法填空 Do you know the former president of South Africa，Nelson Mandela? He fought_1_ the black people and was _2_ prison for thirty years. He helped the black people to get equal rights as the white people. Elias was a student in a school. Because his family couldnt afford _3_ (pay) the school fees, he had to drop out of school. Then he found a job in a gold mine and he was worried whether he would be _4_ of work. It was during this difficult period of time _5_ he met Nelson Mandela for the first time, who had opened a law firm _6_(advise) poor black people on their problems.,At that time, black people had no right _7_(vote) and their life was decided by the whites. Nelson Mandela said to Elias that they were put in a position_8_ they had either to accept they were less important，or fight the government. So he decided to use _9_(violent). Though Elias didnt like violence，he helped Nelson Mandela blow _10_ government buildings. He knew it was dangerous to do it, but he also knew it was to realize their dream of making black and white people equal. 答案：1.for 2.in 3.to pay 4.out 5.that 6.to advise 7to vote 8.where 9.violence 10.up,1quality n质量；品质；性质；特点 He often says that _ is much more important than _. We find the good _ of a successful businessman in him. 他经常说质量远比数量更重要。我们在他身上发现了一个成功商人应具备的所有好的品质。 答案：quality；quantity；qualities,2devote vt.献身；专心于 教材原句A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.(P33) 伟人就是将他/她的一生致力于帮助别人的人。,名师点拨 在短语devote.to中to为介词，其后接名词或动名词，类似短语还包括：look forward to 期盼；get down to开始着手做；be/get used to 习惯于；be/get accustomed to 习惯于；lead to 导致；pay attention to 注意；object to 反对。,Li Lei is my _ friend. Since graduation, he _ improving the education of the local people. In addition to teaching, he has _ a lot of time _ raising money to build more schools. His _ to his work moves the people deeply. 李磊是我最忠实的朋友。自毕业以来，他致力于改善当地人的教育水平。除教学外，他也投入了很多时间筹钱建校。他的无私奉献深深感动了人们。,She devoted herself to practicing for ten years and became one of the worlds best longdistance swimmers. a_(改为现在分词短语作原因状语) b_(改为过去分词短语作原因状语),答案：devoted；has devoted himself to；devoted；to；devotion a.Devoting herself to practicing for ten years, she became one of the worlds best longdistance swimmers. bDevoted to practicing for ten years, she became one of the worlds best longdistance swimmers.,3equal v等于；抵得上 adj. 相等的；胜任的 n同等的人；相等物 教材原句But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.(P34) 但是，我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。,Bill is quite _ _ _ the office. 比尔有足够的能力管理这个部门。 Mary is quite _ _ Bill in brains. 玛丽和比尔的智力不相上下。 This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience. 这一职位对新毕业生或有办公室经验的人同样适合。 答案：equal to running equal to,4fee n费(会费、学费等)；酬金 教材原句I had to leave because my family couldnt continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare.(P34) 我不得不离开，因为我的家庭再也交不起学费和汽车费了。,用fee，fare，expense和tip填空。 The lawyers_was higher than we expected. Most restaurants now include the_in the price of the meal. I went there by boat at a reduced_. Marriage and other_have made me poor. 答案：fee tip fare expenses,5escape v. & n逃脱；逃生；泄露 教材原句It was a prison from which no one escaped.(P38) 那是个无人逃走过的监狱。,If he thought he could by sitting at the back, he was wrong. 如果他认为坐在后排就不会引起注意，那么他就错了。 Gas escaped from (out of) the tube. 气体从管子里漏出。 Last year I had a narrow escape, and I dont want to risk my life a second time. 去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。,Im sorry, but your name _ _. 对不起，我忘记了你的名字。 你逃过了处罚，真是幸运。(一句多译) a_ b_ 答案：escape attention escapes me a.You are lucky to escape punishment. bYou are lucky to escape being punished.,6reward n. & v报答；报酬；奖赏 教材原句They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the blacks.(P38) 他们说来自新南非政府的那份工作和薪水是对我一生为黑人的平等权利而奋斗的回报。,_ _ _ passing the College Entrance Examinations, many students got iPads as presents. 很多学生通过大学生考试后，得到了iPad作为礼物。 They _ _ _ _ 5 _ bringing back the lost dog. 他们给了那个男孩五英镑，酬谢他把走失的狗送回来。 I find my job very rewarding in the harmonious and hardworking environment here. 在和谐和艰苦的环境中我觉得我的工作值得做。 Good is rewarded with good. 善有善报。,用reward，award填空 aIs this how you _ me for my help? bShe _ _ the best actress of 2013 for her perfect performance in the film. 答案：As a reward for rewarded the boy with；for a.reward bwas awarded,1out of work失业(out of a job) 教材原句Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.(P34) 可悲的是我没有身份证，因为我不是在那里出生的，因而我担心会失业。,方法规律“失业”有三种表达形式：out of work (work不可数)，out of a job(job可数名词)，lose ones job。前二者为处于“失业”的状态，lose ones job为结束性短语，是终止性动词。 We have to use the stairs because the lift is _ _ _. 电梯出故障了，我们不得不爬楼。 Mike is unhappy now, for he has _ _ _ _ for two weeks. 迈克现在不高兴，因为他已经失业两周了。 答案：out of order been out of work,2in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 教材原句Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble.(P34) 伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见曼德拉。,Dont copy my work or well both . 不要抄我的作业，否则我们俩人都会有麻烦的。 We must thank you for taking the trouble to cook us a meal. 我们一定要感谢你费心为我们做饭。 方法规律上述第二个例句可改为下列结构，这也是常考的一种变化形式： We must thank you for the trouble you took to cook us a meal. 答案：get into trouble,3turn to 求助于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向 教材原句Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal？(P35) 为什么曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？ Nobody seems to understand. I dont know who to turn to. 似乎没人理解。我不知道该向谁求助。,It turned out to be sunny that morning. 结果那天早上是个晴天。 The workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. 如果他们提出的要求遭到拒绝，工人们将继续罢工。,观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义。 He was the one I always turned to for strength and security.( ) If you turn to page 40, you will find it.( ) More and more people turn to computer science.( ) As I climbed out of the car at the hospital and turned to thank her, she smiled and told me not to lose faith.( ) You shouldnt always turn to the dictionary when you come across new words in reading.( ) 答案：求助于 翻到 从事于；致力于 转身 查阅,4lose heart丧失勇气或信心 教材原句Never lose heart when you are in trouble.(P37) 遇到困难时不要失去信心。,The boy has failed many times, but he does not lose heart. Now he has lost his heart to books and shows no interest in other things. 他失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。现在他爱上了读书，对别的事都不感兴趣了。,易错提醒 “失去信心”是lose heart，而且heart前无任何修饰成分，有的同学误认为是lose ones heart，大错特错。lose ones heart另有其意，见上表。 What impressed us most was that they never _. 令我们印象最为深刻的是：他们从不气馁。 答案：lost heart,5set up 设立；建立 教材原句set up law office to help poor black people in Johnanneshurg(P39) 设立律师事务所，为约翰内斯堡的穷苦黑人提供帮助 We decided to _ _a fund for the Hope Project. 我们决定为希望工程设立一项基金。,They _ _ planting trees as soon as they got to the bank. 他们一到河岸就开始植树。 Set_aside some time each day to read, even if it is only five minutes. 每天都留出一点时间来读书，哪怕五分钟也行。 答案：set up set about,1Only修饰状语从句的倒装句 教材原句 only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.(P34) 只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。 句式分析only修饰状语(即副词、介词短语或状语从句)，为了强调而提到句首时，主句要用部分倒装形式，把原句中的情态动词、系动词或助动词提到主语前面。,Only then did I realize the importance of health. 到那时我们才认识到健康的重要性。 Only in Paris can you buy shoes like that. 只有在巴黎你才能买到那样的鞋。 方法规律only修饰的名词或代词位于句首作主语时，句子不用倒装。如：Only a doctor can do it.只有医生才能这样做。,易错提醒 当only放在句首修饰一个从句时，从句的谓语不倒装，只倒装主句的谓语。 Only after _ _ _we find out the truth. 直到他回来后我们才知道真相。 答案：he returned did,2the first time引导的状语从句 教材原句I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.(P38) 我第一次向(参观)小组谈论(罗本岛监狱的情况)时，心里觉得很不好受。 句式分析句中的the first time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次时”。,名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句的还有： the moment/the minute/the instantas soon as 一就 each/every time 每次的时候 next time 下次时 any time 任何时候 last time 上次时 by the time 到为止 有时副词也可充当连词，引导时间状语从句，它们是instantly，immediately，directly等，都相当于as soon as。,He started _ _ he heard the report. 他一听到报告就动身了。 He paid back the money he owed us _ _ _ _. 他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。,She became interested in the young teachers lesson the first time she attended his class. She was so excited in class for the first time. 她第一次上课时就对这位年轻老师的课感兴趣。她第一次上课这么兴奋。 答案：the instant immediately he returned home,3stage/situation.(抽象地点)引导定语从句 教材原句Until today we have reached a_stage_where we have almost no rights at all.(P38) 一直到今天，我们还处在几乎没有任何权利的阶段。 句式分析 当先行词是stage，case，point，position，situation等含有地点含义的抽象名词，且定语从句中缺少状语时，常用where/in which等引导定语从句。,翻译句子。 We have reached a stage where a change is needed. _. It has put me in a position where I cant afford to take the job. _. 答案：我们到了必须做出变化的阶段了。 这使我陷入了一种不能接受此工作的境地。,定语从句() 1Xiamen is regarded as a city _ traditional culture is well combined with a modern lifestyle. 答案：where 考查定语从句。句意为：厦门被认为是一个传统文化和现代生活方式完美结合的城市。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a city，并在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该定语从句。,2They stood on the top of the high building, from _ they could see the whole city. 答案：where 考查定语从句。根据句意可知，从那个高楼的顶部能看见整个城市，此处from where相当于from on the top of the high building。,3He met Rachel at her college graduation ceremony in 2008，_ he was later to marry. 答案：whom/who 考查定语从句。句意为：他是在2008年Rachel的大学毕业典礼上认识她的，后来娶她为妻。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句。先行词为Rachel，在从句中作marry的宾语，故用whom/who引导。,4The band was very successful in the seventies, most of _ members were in their twenties. 答案：whose 考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作定语，故用whose。 5In moments when youre feeling down，read what you wrote previously，_ will help uplift your spirits. 答案：which 考查定语从句。句意为：当你情绪低落的时候，读一读你先前写下的东西，这会帮助你情绪高昂。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容。,1(2014浙江改编)Theres no reason to be disappointed._ a matter of fact, this could be rather amusing. 答案：As 句意：你没有理由失望。事实上，这可能会非常有趣。as a matter of factin fact事实上，实际上。,2(2014湖南改编)Only when you can find peace in your heart _ you _(keep) good relationships with others. 答案：will；keep 本题考查部分倒装结构。句意：唯有找到内心的宁静，方能维持人际关系的和谐。“only副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首时，句子(主句)要用部分倒装语序。本题中，时间状语从句when you can find peace in your heart被only修饰，且置于句首，故主句用部分倒装结构。注意：如果only修饰的不是状语而是主语，则不能用倒装。如：only he was invited.只有他受到了邀请。,3(2014福建改编)Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth. 答案：where 本题考查定语从句引导词的选择。句意：学生们应该积极参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。分析句子结构可知，本句的先行词是community activities，将其移到后面的定语从句中为：they can gain experience for growth (in) community activities由此可知关系词代替先行词在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。,4(2013湖北改编)He didnt selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a _(generously) contribution to help the community. 答案：generous 根据句意：他没有把从叔叔那里继承下来的钱据为己有，而是慷慨地捐出来，帮助社区。generous慷慨的。,5(2013浙江改编)The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform _ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. 答案：where 本题考查定语从句。句意： 博物馆将在春天开放，到时有展览和可以看正在建的玻璃房子的观光平台。分析结构可知，此处 the viewing platform为定语从句的先行词，从句缺少地点状语，要用where引导。 6(2012福建改编)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be _(equal) respected. 答案：equally 句意：任何一个人，不管是政府官员还是汽车司机都应该同样受到尊敬。equally“相等地，同等地”。,
展开阅读全文