2019-2020年高考英语押题精粹试题（全国卷）.doc

2019-2020年高考英语押题精粹试题（全国卷） 本卷共18题，三种题型：阅读理解、英语知识运用和写作。阅读理解10小题，英语知识运用4小题，写作4小题。第一部分 阅读理解 (共10小题)第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在题卡上将该项涂黑。A1All around the world, an increasing number of people are spending their time taking part in online volunteering projects. What encourages them to help strangers without expectation of money or even thanks?Radha Taralekar helped teach Imelda how to protect herself from HIV, though the two have never met, and neither knows the others name. Taralekar received no payment for the job. For Taralekar, the project gave her the chance to use her professional experience. “I want to serve people with my medical knowledge,” she said. For some, the inspiration to volunteer online was far more personal. After losing his wife to cancer, Tony Selman spent many hours online helping Cancer Research to collect information on the illness. “Seeing how painful she was when my wife was dying, I decided to help scientists find a way to treat cancer,” he said. Interests and hobbies are also one of the reasons. Sam Luk joined other online volunteers to try to help the police solve murder cases. The police posted them online, calling for volunteers to help them to make sense of the messages. “I am interested in this and I love Sherlock Holmes,” said Luk. For writer Clay Shirky, some large online volunteering projects help millions of people, giving him a sense of achievement. He helps write Wikipedia, the worlds biggest encyclopedia (百科全书), which is written by people willing to use their professional knowledge. 1. We can know that Radha Taralekar may be a _. A. teacherB. doctorC. writerD. policewoman 2. Why did Tony Selman decide to help Cancer Research?A. He had much time to spend online. B. He saw many people die of cancer. C. His wife was dead because of cancer.D. He became a member of Cancer Research.3. Sam Luk volunteered to help the police because of _.A. his interests and hobbiesB. his duty of work C. money in returnD. a sense of achievement4. How many reasons why people help strangers online are mentioned in the text?A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 【答案】 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.D【解析】1. B推理判断题。根据第二段第一句和最后一句可推断Radha Taralekar是位医生。2. C细节理解题。根据第二段“After losing his wife to cancer .”及Tony所说的话“Seeing how painful she was when my wife was dying, I decided to help scientists find a way to treat cancer”可知答案。 3. A细节理解题。根据第四段“Interests and hobbies are also one of the reasons. Sam Luk joined other online volunteers to try to help the police solve murder cases.”可知，Sam帮助警察破案的动机是出于兴趣和爱好。 4. D推理判断题。作者在本文第二、三、四、五段分析了网上志愿者无偿帮助陌生人的四个主要原因，由此可知答案。 A2At times my mom has been unfortable seeing these qualities in me. For example，when I was 12，I went to Puerto Rico all by myself to stay with my grandmother for the summer. My mom was extremely nervous about it. She kept telling me how things were different in Puerto Rico，to always put on sunscreen，not to wander away from my grandmother，and other warnings. She helped me pack and did not leave the airport until she saw my plane take off. But despite her worries，she let me go on my own. As I moved into my teens，she continued to give me space to grow and learn，even when it might have been difficult for her. When I reached my senior year，I decided to move away for college. Once again I found that I differed from my peers：While many of them wanted to stay close to home，I couldnt wait to be out in the world on my own. While my mom may not have been happy at the thought of my going away，she was supportive and excited for me. One big thing I realized during my senior year，as my mom granted me more freedom，was that she actually believes in me and trusts me. That means a lot. Most of my life，and especially when I was little，the main person I tried to impress in my schoolwork or other things was my mother. I knew she expected nothing but the best from me. Sometimes it was hard to live up to her standards: getting a single B on my report card would make me feel bad because I knew she wanted me to have all As. I know that her high standards have helped me stay focused on whats important，like education，and made me who I am. I am thankful for her support and involvement in my life .Most of all I respect her. She is the strongest woman I know and thats why I have turned out so strong and independent.5. When the author decided to go to Puerto Rico，his mother_. Awanted to go with him Bworried about his safetyCdidnt allow him to do soDasked his grandmother for advice6. Why did the author decide to move away for college? AHe wanted to be different from his peers.BHe planned to keep away from his mother.CHe intended to make his mother unhappy.DHe wanted to be independent in the outside world.7. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that the authors mother_. Awas too strict with himBcared little about his learningChad a high expectation of himDused to expect nothing from him8. What does the author mainly want to tell us in the text?AHis mothers deep love for himBHis long way to bee independentCHis good relationship with his motherDThe importance of his mothers trust and support【答案】5.B 6.D 7.A 8.D【解析】5. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My mom was extremely nervous about it”可知，作者独自到Puerto Rico去，作者的母亲担心作者的安全。6. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“While many of them wanted to stay close to home，I couldnt wait to be out in the world on my own”，可推断作者想独立。7. A 推理判断题。文章第三段的“I knew she expected nothing but the best from me”可推断，作者的妈妈对作者是充满了期望的。8. D主旨大意题。分析文章的大意，并结合全文的内容，可知作者的妈妈在作者的成长过程中充分地给予作者信任让他独立的发展。A3 Would you eat a ready meal from the fridge rather than cook from scratch? Have you been doing Internet shopping rather than going to the stores? What cant you be bothered to do? A study into how lazy British people are has found more than half of adults are so idle that theyd catch the lift rather than climb two flights of stairs. Just over 2，000 people were interviewed by independent researchers at Nuffield Health, Britains largest health charity. The results were surprising. About one in six people surveyed said if their remote control was broken, they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up. More than one third of those questioned said they would not run to catch a bus. Worryingly, of the 654 respondents with children, 64% said they were often too tired to play with them. This led the report to conclude that its no wonder that one in six children in the UK are classified as obese before they start school. Dr.Sarah Dauncey, medical director of Nuffield Health, said, “People need to get fitter, not just for their own sake, but for the sake of their families, friends and evidently their pets too. If we dont start to take control of this problem, a whole generation will bee too unfit to perform even the simple tasks.” And Scotlands largest city, Glasgow, was shamed as the most indolent city in the UK, with 75% surveyed admitting they do not get enough exercise, followed closely by Birmingham and Southampton, both with 67%. The results pose serious challenges for the National Health Service, where obesity related illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have been on a steady increase for the past 40 years and are costing billions of pounds every year.9. What do lazy British people probably choose to do?A. Go to stores. B. Catch the lift.C. Cook from scratch. D. Climb flights of stairs.10. How many people surveyed dont play with children because of tiredness?A. About 333. B. About 419. C. About 654. D. About 1280.11. What is the potential result of more and more people, including children, getting obese?A. People will not get enough exercise.B. People will not have enough money.C. People will not be able to do the easy job.D. People will not cure themselves of heart disease.12. What is the authors attitude towards the finding of the study?A. Indifferent. B. Doubtful. C. Negative. D. Supportive.【答案】：9. B 10.B 11.C 12.D【解析】9.B 细节理解题。根据第二段提到：一个研究英国人是如何懒惰的研究表明一半以上的成年人会做电梯面不是爬两节扶梯。10.B 细节理解题。根据第五段提到：令人担心的是，654人中有百分之六十四的人由于疲惫而懒得陪孩子们玩，故选A项。11.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段提到：如果我们不开始控制这个问题，将会有一代人因为变得不健康而丧失基本的劳动能力。12.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段提到：调查结果给英国国民健康服务体系提出了严重挑战，因为在过去40年来，像心脏病和癌症这些与肥胖相关的疾病一直呈稳步上升态势，而每年的医疗投入和花费都高达数十亿英镑可知，作者对这项研究是深信不疑的。A4Nobody likes an old poop（傻子）. Developing a sense of humor is part of being a mature, emotionally healthy individual. Laughter is good for the soul, builds friendships and relieves stress. It serves as the glue for social situations and as an ice-breaker for sadness and boredom. If youve ever been told to “lighten up” or “chill out”, you should save the blue attitude for serious situations and develop your sense of humor.Forgive the accidental. A sudden fall is humorous not because we like to see people fall, but because it surprises. From a spilled（溢出）water glass in a meeting to Aunt Raes teeth ing off in the Thanksgiving turkey, the embarrassment of accidents can be relieved by humor and a helping hand. After making sure that nobodys hurt, forgive accidents with a chuckle（咯咯地笑）rather than a scolding.Look for the unexpected. The kid who used to look at you with his eyes closed during a test had the idea. Parents who serve green eggs and ham to their children on graduation day get the idea. Unexpected actions lighten an atmosphere and relax people.Learn to laugh with your kids. Most of what children say and do is funny. Help them learn that accidents are sometimes funny and sometimes occasions for joining in and helping another human being. By sharing laughs and attempting to explain humor, you develop your sense of humor, as well as help kids develop their own sense of humor.13. If youve ever been told to “lighten up” or “chill out”, it means _. A. you are humorous B. you are angry C. you lack humor D. you are funny14. According to Paragraph 2, when your friend falls, you can _. A. laugh at him B. chuckle C. scold him D. feel embarrassed 15. What is the best title for the text? A. How to Develop a Sense of HumorB. Ways to Bee a Healthy IndividualC. The Function of HumorD. Proper Attitudes Toward Humor【答案】 13. C 14.B 15.A 【解析】13.C 细节理解题。根据第一段提到:如果你被告诉放松或冷静，你要放松下来，使用你的幽默感。14.B 细节理解题。根据第二段提到“After making sure that nobodys hurt, forgive accidents with a chuckle（咯咯地笑）rather than a scolding”可知，当你的朋友跌倒没有人受伤的情况下，用笑来原谅而不是责骂。15.A 标题判断题。根据第一句话提到：没有人喜欢傻子，幽默感是一个人个性的一部分，所以本文讲述如何才能变得有幽默感。B1I clearly remember the day when my little brother was born: January 1, 1994. One of my favorite family photos shows me lying with my mother in the hospital bed, happy but un-aware of the small, sleeping baby in the background.I stayed with my grandparents for the weekend of my brothers birth, excited about my new brother but not yet aware of what having a little brother would mean. I didnt truly realize what was going on until we were in the hospital room at Duke Universitycoincidentally (碰巧地), the same room in which I had been born two years earlier.When I looked at my brother for the first time, I felt a mixture of fear and interest. Little did know that small, pink creature would grow up to be one of my favorite people in the world.In reality, though I am two years older than my brother, I am more often than not the real baby in the family. I am very lacking when it es to mon sense. Instructions constantly confuse me and I frequently find myself totally puzzled by things like knowing how to start the washing machine or manage the storage settings on my iPhone. Thats where Gibson es in. The poor kid has had to guide me through more tasks than I would care to admit, but he never plains. Though I should probably be told to figure it out myself, he always es through. I m envious of his ability to readily answer the ever-present, “What do you want to do with your life?” question at family gatherings. “Be a doctor,” he saysa solid answer, pletely opposite to my shaky one, “Well, Im an English major, so.”My brother truly is my best friend. No one understands me better, and there isnt anyone else I would want to be stuck with in our family. I may not have a clear idea of where Im headed, but he is stuck with me. 1. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph4 mean?A. My brother is the real baby in the family. B. I am growing more slowly than my brother.C. In fact, I seem to be less mature than my little brother.D. My brother gets more love from the family than I do.2. What does the brother often help the author do?A. Help him with his studies.B. Help him deal with many daily tasks.C. fort him when he is in a bad mood.D. Give him advice on how to choose a major. 3. What is the best title for this text?A. The Real Baby in the FamilyB. My Strange Family Gatherings C. The Feeling of Having a BrotherD. Stuck with MeMy Not-So-Little Brother 【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 【解析】1.C 句意理解题。根据本句中的前一句说“我虽然比我的弟弟大两岁”可推断,此句的意思应选C。2B推理判断题。分析文章第四段和第五段的内容可知,作者的弟弟在生活中给了作者很多的帮助。3.D标题判断题。分析文意，结合全文的内容，文章主要讲述的是作者的弟弟和他弟弟之间的事情，是他弟弟在生活中给了他很多的帮助，他的弟弟更像他的哥哥。B2Camp Jano India Celebrate Indian culture, languages, arts, festivals and literature. Weekly themes are brought to life through related arts, games, projects, stories and theatre in a very unique, exciting, creative, interactive (互动的) and structured style. A very unique and unforgettable experience that kids will want to repeat! Mornings are spent with the Hindi language at the childs level. Afternoons provide the cultural elements taught in an interactive style with special emphasis on drama. Bay Language Academy We invite campers (4-12 years old) to travel and open up doors to explore past and recent civilizations through daily field trips. Cultures will be shown through customs and cooking. Lectures (6/10-8/30) will introduce French, Spanish or Chinese and the cultures they convey. Our language summer-camp is infused (灌输) with cultural activities and taught by a team of bilingual (双语的) instructors. Petits Confettis Want your 3- to 5-year-old kids to experience a French camp? e and join us for 6 weeks of French camps!Kids will be totally happy to learn French and French culture while they take part in team projects like building a tipi or making French bread. Weekly themes include cooking, arts, drama, outdoor activities, board games, music, yoga, rhymes and story time.Chinese Immersion Summer Camp This is our 11th Chinese language and culture summer camp. We take children from 6th grade. This year we continue the weekly fun themes like art, science, cooking and sports in the morning. In the afternoon, we have abacus, reading and Chinese culture lessons taught in Chinese. Our teachers are all native speakers with a lot of experience. Our weekly field trips go to different places like SF zoo, tech museums, fire stations etc. 4. Why can Camp Jano India give children an unforgettable experience? A. It has quite experienced teachers.B. It teaches Indian languages at different levels. C. The activities are arranged for the whole day. D. The activities are carried on in an interesting style.5. Bay Language Academy and Chinese Immersion Summer Camp are similar because _.A. they both provide field trips B. they both have bilingual teachersC. they both provide sports programs in the morning D. they are both intended for kids of 4-12 years old6. If a girl likes yoga, she will go to _.A. Camp Jano India B. Bay Language AcademyC. Petits Confettis D. Chinese Immersion Summer Camp7. What is the mon theme of the four camps? A. Fun and sports. B. Travel and adventure.C. Language and culture. D. Art and music.【答案】4.D 5.A 6.C 7.C【解析】4.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知印度夏令营有很多丰富的活动，能给孩子留下难忘的记忆。5.A 细节理解题。根据“We invite campers (4-12 years old) to travel and open up doors to explore past and recent civilizations through daily field trips”和“Our weekly field trips go to different places like SF zoo, tech museums, fire stations etc. ”可知，这两个夏令营都有野外旅游这个活动。6.C 细节理解题。根据“Weekly themes include cooking, arts, drama, outdoor activities, board games, music, yoga, rhymes and story time.”可知，Petits Confettis 这个夏令营有yoga活动。7.C 细节理解题。由文章可知，每个夏令营都有语言和文化这个项目。 B3Online purchases have soared during the Chinese New Year holiday. Its the dead of winter in Shanghai. Delivery man Liu Jia and his colleagues start the day when most of people are still asleep. Working at a distribution point of a shopping website in Shanghai, they promise to deliver products within three hours of an order being placed. “I buy most of my grocery online, especially the heavy items. Its convenient and cheap pared to the supermarket in my neighborhood,” Customer Chen Hong said. Orders such as these have increased for the New Year, forcing Liu Jia to work around the clock. “The orders are usually rice, laundry detergent（洗涤剂）, tissue paper and snacks, mostly food and articles for everyday use,” Liu Jia said.According to an industry report, Chinas B2C （Business to Customer） online sales are growing at an annual rate of 25 percent. petition between online giants like Taobao and Jingdong is now fiercer than ever. “The essence of online shopping is that customers can buy products easily. So the petition is about: firstly, the range of products; secondly, the depth under each category of products; third, the price and user experience,” Pan Biao, vice president of YHD, said. E-merce is one of Chinas fastest growing sectors. Its changed peoples buying habits, and even their living habits. And its had a huge impact on the retail industry. To make online shopping more convenient, major sites are investing heavily to build payment systems and logistics（物流）networks.On average, a retailer now can deliver goods to the majority of cities within 3 days, and to towns and more remote areas in the country within a week. “petition will produce a number of good panies, making better products and services that customers need. In the field of E-merce, we are leading the world in terms of products, services and industry development,” Liu Yinbin, associate professor with Dept of Information Management, Shanghai University, said. Experts also say customers are increasingly making their online purchases from mobile devices, opening up vast new opportunities and petition for retailers.8. What can we know about Liu Jia? A. He works as an online store owner in Shanghai. B. He begins working when most of people are still asleep. C. He has to work day and night to deliver so many products. D. He may deliver products within three hours of an order being placed at any time.9. What does the underlined word “essence” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Way. B. Influence. C. Result. D. Advantage. 10. What can we learn from the passage? A. Chen Hong buys most of her electronic products online. B. Pan Biao encourages retailers to open up new chances. C. Chinas B2C online sales are growing at a rate of 25 percent. D. Liu Yinbin thinks petition will help make better products and services.11. Which of the following can be the best topic of the passage? A. Online shopping increases rapidly for Chinese New Year. B. Most customers buy food and articles for everyday use. C. Taobao and Jingdong are peting fiercely. D. Customers like buying mobile devices.【答案】8.B 9.D 10.D 11.A【解析】8.B 根据第二段中“Delivery man Liu Jia and his colleagues start the day when most of people are still asleep.”可知，Liu Jia是一名快递员工，每天开始工作的时间都很早。9.D后句cus