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111Period 2: Grammar and usageStep1: General introduction1. Nouns used as verbs (名词转化动词)Warming upWarming up by reading and translating the following sentences taken from the text:When Zhou Kais mother saw him heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously. Warming up by understand the following sentences: 1) Stop mothering me! I am not a child. 2) She fingered the silk gently. 3) You ought to diet and take more exercise.Summary about the Nouns used as verbs1. to be, become or to act as the person, animal, or the object denote by the noun1) nouns of persons: She mothered the orphan(act in the manner of a mother)他慈母般地照顾这个孤儿。2) nouns of animals: Mark parroted what the boss had said（to repeat by rote）鹅鹉学舌般地重复。He wolfed his meal.（to eat greedily）他狼吞虎叨地吃饭His cat has kittened. (to give birth)他的猫已下仔儿。3) nouns without life:He felt he is being shadowed, but he could not see anyone behind him.(to follow and watch closely esp. secretly)他觉得他正被人跟踪，但是他看不到身后有任何人。2. to perform an action by means of the object denoted by the nounTom braked the car.（to mouse to slow or stop by a brake）汤姆刹了车。My mother is knifing a piece of meat. (to cut with a knife)母亲在切一块肉。His job is to milk the cows. (to take milk from)他的工作就是挤奶。3. to put in or on a place, container, or a specified location denoted by the nounHe is busy bottling wine.(to put.in the bottle)他正忙于把酒装瓶。They canned apples（to put in cans）他把苹果放在了罐子里。4. to remove the object denoted by the noun from sth.You should bone a turkey before eating it. (to remove the bones from)你应该吃火鸡前去骨。She dusted the furniture with a duster. (to remove dust from)她用禅子禅掉家具上的灰尘。5. to give or provide what the noun denotesThe local government sheltered the homeless (to give shelter to)当地政府收容无家可归的人。Pills are sometimes coated with sugar. (to cover with)有时，药片上包了一层糖衣。6. to make or change sth. or sb. into what the noun denotesHe was orphaned at an early age.（to cause to be an orphan）他很小就成为“孤儿。Please cash the cheque for me. (to exchange . for cash)请把支票给我兑换成现金。7. to send or to go by what the noun denotesWill you please mail the letter？ (to send by mail)你送这封信，好吗?8. to fulfill the function of the object denoted by the nounWhile he was talking to his secretary he toyed with a pencil. (to play with purposelessly) 他对他的秘书讲话的时候摆弄铅笔。The child was eyeing the chocolate cake. (to look at with desire)那个孩子正看那个巧克力蛋糕。9. to spend timeThey wintered in the south.（to spend Winter）他们在南方过的冬。They are going to honeymoon in America（to spend honeymoon）他们打算去美国度蜜月。10. to address sb.Dont sir me so much（to address sir）不要这么先生、先生地叫我。She my-dear-fellowed me all day long.（to address my dear fellow）她成天叫我老朋友。11. to forceHe silenced their rumor by his report (to force to stop) 他用他的报告制止了谣言的传播。2. will/be going to for future actions ( will & be going to 的区别)1) will: used to express the simple future tense, but its subject is the third person which is single.The common usage of will: Sub. + will + verb. +I will write to him next week.She will come here tomorrow.I will have finished the job by that time.The negative of will: Sub. + will + not + verb. +I will not go shopping tomorrow.Our teacher will be quite busy next month。The question form of will: Will + Sub. + verb +?Will you stay at home with us tomorrow ？Will Mary come to your birthday party. ?The special question form of will: What( When, Where, Why, How) + will + verb +?Where will you spend the Spring Festival.?When will your father be back?2) Be (am /is/ are)going to: (of a person) to intend toMy sister is going to learn English next year.Im going to see the football match this afternoon. He is not going to attend the meetingI am not going to（go to）the cinemaAre you going to change your computer？Is he going to meet us？What are you going to do on Sunday.?When are you going to leave ?(of a thing or event that cannot be controlled ) to be certain to, or expected to, at some time in the future Is it going to rain? Im going to be sick. She s going to have a baby.The NMET tests:1. -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?-I _, but I had an unexpected visitor.A. had B. would C was going to D. did2. -Youve left the light on.- Oh, so I have. _ and turn it off.A. Ill go B. Ive gone C. I go D. Im goingStep2: Exercises for consolidation1. Exercises for the Nouns used as verbsTranslate the following sentences into Chinese or English1) We are tabling this matter until further notice. 2) I have long prided myself on being a good teacher.3) When you see a police car, dont floor it.4) If He had tried harder, he could have topped his class.5) When my car broke down, I flagged a police car.6) Finally, the escaped criminal was cornered. 7) Every ship is required to radio its position.8) 父母都在设法弥合与儿女的代沟。(bridge )9) 对他来说，疏远、冷淡她是很困难的。(distance)10) 昨天他预定了到南京的机票。(book)11) 农夫把他的马圈在马厩里。(house)12) 下学期她将担任数学系主任。(chair)13) 他不管到哪里，总被人尾随。(dog)14) 希望陈先生很快能够当上爸爸。(father) Keys: 1)我们延期讨论这件事，以后再说。2)我一向以身为一名称职的老师而自豪。3)当你看到警车时，别开快车。4)假如他以前用功些，他会在班里名列前茅的。5)当我的汽车抛锚的时候，我打了个手势招来一辆警车。6)那名逃犯最终走投无路了。7)要求每一条船用无线电报告各自所在位置。8)The parents are trying to bridge the generation gap with their children.9)It is difficult for him to distance himself from her.10)Yesterday he booked a flight to Nanjing.11)The farmer has housed his horse in the barn.12)She will chair the math department next semester.13)He was dogged wherever he went.14)Hopefully, Mr. Chen is going to father a child soon.2. Exercises for will / be going toMultiple choices:1) Mary_ here next month.A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to work D. wont working2) He _ very busy next week. A. will be B. is C. will is D. is3) _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be4) My mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give5) Will his parents go to park tomorrow? No, _ A. they cant. B. they wont . C. they arent. D. they dont.6) We _ the work next week. A. do B. will do . C going to do D. will doing7) They _ an English evening next Saturday. A. are having B. are going to haveC. will having D. is going to have8) She _ there tomorrow afternoon. A. will B. is C. will beD. be9) _ your brother _ a book from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows10) The man _ at 11. A. is going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is(Keys: 1C 2A 3D 4B 5B 6B 7B8C 9B 10A)Fill in the blanks: 1) Next month my sister_ _(be) seventeen. 2) I _ _ _ _（see）my grandmother. 3) I _ _(never) _(forget) that day . 4) _ you _(be) busy tonight? 5) _ you _ _ _(have) a meeting today? 6) She _(not) come here next Sunday. 7) He _(not) going to buy a dictionary.(Keys:1will,be 2am,going,to,see 3wil,never,forget4Will,be 5Are,going,to; have 6wont 7isnt)Step3: HomeworkFind out more nouns used as verb, and try to make up sentences with them.111
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