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111类别课标要点重点单词1._ adj.方便使用的 2._ _vt.下载3_ vt. 更新 4._ adj. 磨损的5_ n. 争执；冲突 6._ vt. 拯救；救援7._ vi. 通信 8._adv. 同时9_ vt. 治愈 10._ vt. 帮助；协助11_ adj. 技术上的 12._ n. 后者13_ n. 饥饿 14._ n. 平等15_adj. 电子的 16._ n. 专家17_ vt. 捐赠；赠送 18._ _n. 现象19_ vt. 允许；准许 20._ vt. 宣告；宣布handydownload Aupdatewornconflictrescuecorrespondmeanwhilecureassist technicallatter starvationequalityelectronic specialistdonatephenomenon permitdeclare常用短语1._ _预先2._ 泄露(秘密)3_接收，接管 4._ 努力解决难以处理的事物5_ _(使)被理解；(把)讲清楚 6._ 弥补7_计算出；解决；想出 8._ (灯等)熄灭9_献身于；致力于 10._ 下降In advanceGive awayTake over Wrestle with somethingGet across Make up forFigure out Go out Be dedicated to Drop off 典型句式1.By the year 2015，the clothing industry _ _ _new types of material that will remain stainless _ _ _you spill on them.到2015年，服装业将生产出一种新型布料，无论你将什么东西洒在上面都不会留下污渍。2We _our brains _these computers and a huge detabase.我们将把自己的大脑与这些计算机和一个庞大的数据库相连接。3Amazing discoveries _ _in medicine，communications and transport，_ _ _our knowledge of the world and space.在医学、通讯和运输方面都有惊人的发现，更不用说对世界和太空的了解了。willhaveproducednomatterwhat will be linking to were madenot to mention 典型句式4The International Space Station_ _ _ _in the Earths orbit and soon _ _ _ _a permanent manned scientific base，_ _ _research life in space and provide a stepping stone _ _ future manned flights are sent out.现在在地球轨道上正建国际空间站，不久它将是永久的人造科学基地。建空间站为的是研究太空生命并为将来发送载人客机提供落脚地。being builtis now will be working as so as to in case The headmasters deputy assists with many of his duties.副校长帮助校长做很多工作。Two men are assisting the police in their enquiries.有两个人正在协助警方进行对他们的询问。assist vt.援助；帮助 help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事aid sb.in doing sth.帮助某人做某事I cant help carry bricks because of illness.我因病不能帮着运砖。1.The young nurse was very nervous when she_in her first operation.AresistedBinsistedCassisted Dassigned【解析】句意为“年轻的护士在第一次协助手术时很紧张”。assist in sth.帮助某事。【答案】Cvalue vt.重视；估价；评价；n.价值；价格 The house has been valued at 42,000.这房子估价为四万二千英镑。Ive always valued your friendship (advice)我一向珍重你的友谊(重视你的意见)。Youll find this map of great value in helping you get around London.你会发现这张地图对帮助你在伦敦游玩大有用处。valueless (worthless) adj.无价值的；没有用的priceless adj.贵重的；无价的This is a priceless treasure.这是无价之宝。The drawing is of no value；it is worthless.这画没有价值，它没有用。2.He thought the painting was of little_，so he let me have it for only ten pounds.Acost BvalueCprice Dexpense【解析】value价值，指事物本身的价值；cost价格，成本，指用来支付购买某种商品的费用；price价格，价钱，指人为规定的某种商品的价格；expense花费，指金钱、时间、精力等的花费。【答案】BThe new drug has cured thousands of people.这种新药已治愈成千上万的人。Theres still no cure for many cancers.许多癌症还没有治愈的方法。cure vt.治愈；纠正；vi.起治疗作用；n.治愈的方法；疗法cure与treat用法比较：(1)cure意为“治愈，治好”，可直接跟人或疾病作宾语，有时用来指突然地、出乎意料地痊愈；用于引申指人的生活习惯的纠正、矫正等，与介词of搭配，强调结果。(2)treat普通用语，指医治、治疗，常跟人作宾语，与for搭配，强调动作。Who can cure me of smoking？谁能除掉我吸烟的习惯？3.Has the doctor_her illness?No，he_her but didnt _her.Acured；treated；treatBcured；cured；treatCtreated the old woman for；treated；cureDcured the old woman of；treated；cure【答案】Dpermit vt.允许；准许；vi.容许；n.通行证，许可证，执照Would you permit me to offer some advice?你让我提一些建议吗？This task permits of no delay.这项任务不允许有任何耽搁。permission n. 允许ask for permission 请求允许without permission 未经许可with sb.s permission 在某人许可的情况下Have you asked anyones permission to do that?你那样做得到允许了吗？4.翻译句子天气允许的话，我明天过来。Ill come tomorrow_.Ill come tomorrow，_.【答案】if weather permits；weather permittingarrange v安排；筹划；整理；布置 The secretary arranged an appointment for me with the manager.秘书替我向经理预约。Ive arranged for him to meet her.我已安排他跟她见面。He arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week.他安排把会议延后一星期召开。organize a football team组成一个足球队organize a meeting组织一次会议She loves to organize people.她喜欢做组织工作。5.Could you_a meeting with Mrs Wilson for Monday，please?Aorganize BarrangeCplan Dmake【解析】“arrange a meeting”意思是邀请必须到会的人。而“organize a meeting”是指需要做好一切必要的准备，如预定房间，提供设施和茶点等。例如：Whos going to organize the sandwiches for Mondays meeting？“plan a meeting”就要确定会议的长短、议事程序等细节。【答案】B further adj.& adv.更远；更进一步 His house is on the further side of the street.他的房子远在街道的那一边。The policeman questioned him further.警察更进一步地讯问了他。farther与further用法比较：(1)further与farther都是far的比较级形式，在表“距离更远”时，二者可互换。(2)但表示时间、数量、程度上“更深入的，更进一步的”时，只可用further。He was so tired that he couldnt walk any farther/further.他非常累以至于不能再往前走了。I got a further understanding about him after getting along with him for a long period.与他共事了很长一段时间后，我开始对他有了进一步的了解。6.If you wish for any_explanation，you had better go to ask information desk.Afurther BfartherCfarthest Dfurthest【解析】further explanation进一步的解释。【答案】Acondition n状态，状况 Ill give you this book on condition that it should be read carefully.我将给你这本书，条件是要仔细阅读。You must on no condition tell her the secret.你千万不可告诉她这个秘密。The men are exhausted and badly out of condition.那些人筋疲力尽，健康状况极差。condition，situation与state用法比较：(1)condition意为“条件，情况，状况”，其单数形式指人或事物所处的状态，表示这个意义时，可与state互换。它还强调由于一定原因或条件造成的状态，如人的健康状况、事物的完好程度、设备的可用性等。其复数常指一般的、笼统的情况。(2)situation指在一定时间内由各种情况造成的处境、形势，也可指语境、情景。(3)state可指人或事物所处的状态和状况，可与condition互换(condition的单数)。此外，它还可以表示思想、感情、心理等状态。7.用condition，situation与state的适当形式填空：(1)Whether Ill go depends on the_of my health.(2)Under the present_，he can keep with the class.(3)It is important for us to employ a word or phrase to the_in language studies.(4)The car has been in service for 10 years，but it is still in good_.(5)The government has taken necessary measures to improve the peoples living_.(6)The present_calls for attention all over the world.(7)They were silent for a long time，in a_of painful hesitation and doubt.【答案】(1)condition/state(2)conditions(3)situation(4)condition(5)conditions(6)situation(7)situationwhile conj.虽然；当时 While he is young，he knows a lot.Young as he is，he knows a lot.他虽然年轻，但懂得很多。while与when用法比较：(1)while表示“当时”，引导时间状语从句时，从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词。while作并列连词，意思为“然而”，表对比关系(2)when表示“当时”，引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。when也可以作并列连词，表示“就在那时(and just then)”。She thought I was talking about her daughter，while in fact，I was talking about my daughter.她以为我在谈论她的女儿，而实际上我在谈论我的女儿。We were swimming to the lake when suddenly the storm started.我们往湖中游，这时突然起了风暴。8.I do every single bit of housework_my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.Asince BwhileCwhen Das【解析】本题考查连词。while在此意为“而，然而”，表示两种情况进行对比。其他各项均无此意。【答案】B9(2009年上海卷)You cant borrow books from the school library_you get your student card.Abefore BifCwhile Das【解析】句意为：在你没有学生卡之前不能在学校图书馆借书。根据常识，一个学生只有拥有学生卡之后才可以借阅图书馆的书籍。before在之前；if 如果；while当时候，然而；as 随着，因为。【答案】Alatter pron.& n后者Of these two men the former is dead，but the latter is still alive.此二人中前者已死，但后者仍活着。Many support the former alternative，but personally I favour the latter.很多人都赞成前一种办法，但我个人喜欢后一种。late，lately，latest，later用法比较：late指比预料的或正常的时间晚，意思是“迟”。lately表示“近来”，相当于recently。latest 表示“最近的，最新的”。later表示“后来，较晚的时候”。I was late for work again.我上班又迟到了。Have you seen her lately？你最近看到过她吗？Have you got the latest news about him？你有他最近的消息吗？Later the boy found his mother.后来那个男孩找到了他妈妈。10.根据语境提示，选用late，latest，lately，later和latter完成句子。(1)Between captain and major，the_is the higher rank.(2)Many years_，in Washington DC.，he spoke to a crowd of 250,000 people.(3)In reply to your inquiry，we have sent you our_price list.(4)My son is accustomed to writing to me once a month，but I havent heard any news from him_.(5)Dave often arrives at school_，which makes his headteacher very angry.【答案】(1)latter(2)later(3)latest(4)lately(5)latebeyond prep.在/到另一边；adv.在远处His daughter is lovely beyond compare.他女儿真是可爱得无与伦比。 She convinced me that Paul was，beyond doubt，innocent.她使我深信，Paul确实是清白无辜的。Its beyond me why/what.我无法理解为什么/什么Its beyond me why he always behaves like that.我无法理解他为什么总是那么个表现。11.Sorry，Madam.Youd better come tomorrow because its_the visiting hours.Aduring BatCbeyond Dbefore【答案】Ccertain adj.某(个/些)；确定的；无疑的 She is certain to come to the meeting.她肯定会来参加会议。Make certain of his safe arrival.弄清楚他是不是安全抵达了。I dont know for certain when he will come.我无法确定他什么时候会来。sure与certain用法比较：sure 与certain可以换用，但在以下句型中不能用sure。It is certain that.某事是确定无疑的；某事是It is certain that he will get over his illness soon.可以肯定他很快就会康复。12.翻译句子明天上午一定要按时到达这里。_【答案】Be sure/certain to be here on time tomorrow morning.donate vt.捐赠，赠送 I will donate large sums to relief organizations.我将向救济组织捐赠巨款。(1)present vt.送给，赠与，常与with搭配。They presented flowers to the teacher.They presented the teacher with flowers.他们向老师献了花。(2)give away捐赠，分发；泄露；暴露；背弃，出卖John gave all his possessions away to the poor.约翰把所有财产都分给了穷人。13.If most breadwinners_a days pay to the Hope Project，then it will be hopeful.Agift BpresentCdonate Dgive【解析】句意为：如果大多数养家人都为希望工程捐献他一天所得，那么希望工程大有希望。gift指赋予某人什么才能，通常用于被动语态；give为一般用语；present是正式颁给某人，通常附有仪式，着重强调赠者与接受方的关系；donate所赠的对象一般是慈善事业或机构。【答案】Cinspire vt.鼓舞；激发 What he said inspired our hope.他的一席话燃起了我们的希望。The present excellent situation inspires us to win still greater victory.目前的大好形势鼓舞我们去争取更大的胜利。encourage sb.in在方面鼓励某人encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事discourage sb.from doing sth.阻拦某人做某事be discouraged 灰心丧气的We discourage you from smoking except in specific areas.除非在特殊区域，我们劝你不要抽烟。14.The speaker is giving rather an_speech，as I can judge from the_look of all the listeners.Ainspiring；inspiring Binspired；inspiredCinspiring；inspired Dinspired；inspiring【解析】本题考查inspiring与inspired两个形容词辨析。分析题目可以看出第一空修饰speech，表达主动“鼓舞人心的”，因此使用inspiring；第二空修饰look，表达被动“受到鼓舞的”，因此使用inspired。【答案】Cconflict v& n冲突 conflicting opinions/advice/evidence相互矛盾的意见/建议/证词, The soldiers were involved in an armed conflict.士兵们遭遇武装冲突。The two parties have been in conflict since the election.这两个政党从选举以来就一直有冲突。Do British immigration laws conflict with any international laws？英国的移民法与国际法有抵触吗？You have given conflicting evidence.你提供的证词前后矛盾。conflict，fight与struggle用法比较：(1)conflict指“由于严重不一致而引起抵触或冲突”。Their account of the causes of the war conflicts with ours.他们对于战争起因的报告与我们的报告相反。(2)fight本义是“打仗，战斗”，指“任何形式的斗争”特别强调“短兵相接”。The two boys fought.两个男孩动手打起来了。(3)struggle本义是“挣扎”，指“克服某种障碍或困难，以达到某种目的”，意味着“处境难”。They were struggling for peace.他们为和平而斗争。15.用conflict，fight与struggle的适当形式填空：(1)She_to keep back the tears when she heard the news.(2)The two stories_，so I did not know which to believe.(3)He was always_with his neighbors about the noise.(4)They were poor and had to_for a living.(5)Armed_is likely to break out between the two countries.【答案】(1)struggled(2)conflicted(3)fighting(4)struggle(5)conflictin conclusion最后，总之 In conclusion，I would like to thank all the people present at the meeting today.最后，我想感谢今天参加会议的所有的人。conclude vt.& vi.结束；下结论；决定to conclude (作插入语)最后(一句话)，总之He concluded his speech with some amusing remarks.他说了一些有趣的话结束了他们的演说。He concluded by wishing everyone a safe trip home.他讲话结束时祝愿大家回家一路平安。The police concluded that he was the murderer.警察断定他为杀人犯。A trade agreement was concluded between the two countries.两国之间签署了贸易协定。16.From these facts we can _ some conclusions about how the pyramids were built.Aget BreceiveCbring Ddraw【解析】draw some conclusions about.得出一些关于的结论。【答案】Dgive away泄露(秘密)；牺牲；赠送 People give away much more by their gestures than by their words.人的姿势比言语更能暴露他们。give in 屈服；让步give off 散发出(光线、气味、液体等)give out 用尽；分发；散发；释放give up 放弃give back 归还；恢复give way(to sth./sb.) (为)让路；撤退；不能支持Give way to traffic coming in from the right.让从右面来的车辆先行。We are giving out new books.我们正在发新书。17.The government has passed a new regulation forbidding supermarkets and stores to_plastic bags to shoppers in order to protect our environment.Agive off Bgive wayCgive away Dgive in【答案】CBy the year 2030，development in biochemistry and medical science will have made it theoretically possible for us to live for at least 150 years.到2030年，生物化学及医学科学的发展使得我们(人类)至少能活到150岁在理论上成为可能。句中“made it theoretically possible.”是“make宾语(it)宾语补足语(possible)”结构，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。“make宾语宾补”的具体用法：makesb.do sth.oneselfp.p.sb./sth.n.sb./sth.adj.sb./sth.介词短语We should work hard to make our country much stronger.我们应该努力工作以使我们的国家变得更加强大。What he said made her angry.他所说的话令她生气了。make的用法归纳如下：(1)在主动语态中，跟不带to的不定式构成复合结构；而在被动语态中，要跟带to的不定式。(2)跟带过去分词的复合结构，常用的过去分词有heard，understood，known，frightened等。Because of my poor English，Im afraid I cant make myself understood.由于我的英语很差，我怕别人听不懂我的话。18.What happened to you on your way back to the hotel last night?I lost my way in complete darkness and，_things worse，it began to pour.Amaking Bto makeChaving made Dmade【答案】BWith the advance of medical science，there will definitely be many more inventions in the medical field in the future. 随着医疗科学的发展，将来医疗领域肯定会有更多的发明。there be表存在，译为“有”(1)Therev.to be结构中作谓语的常见动词有seem，appear，happen，continue等。(2)There beadj.to be结构中常用形容词有likely，certain，sure等。(3)There存在性动词如stand，live，lie等。There seems to be some trouble.似乎有点儿麻烦。There happened to be nobody there.碰巧那儿没人。Theres likely to be trouble with the engine.可能是引擎出了点故障。There stands a tall tower behind our school.学校后面有一座高塔。(1)there be宾语过去分词。其中的过去分词表示一种被动关系，同时表示动作已经发生。(2)there be宾语不定式。其中的不定式表示动作尚未发生。There were ten people killed in the accident.事故中有10人丧生。There was so much to lose that we couldnt take any risks.可能会有很大的损失，因此我们不能冒险。19.There_a number of natural mysteries in the world that make our scientists_.Aexists；confusing Bare existed；confusedCexist；confused Dexist；confusing【解析】exist表存在的动词。用于there be结构中，相当于be，短语make sb.adj.意为“使某人”。【答案】CI think there will be an invention that will help prevent drivers from getting stuck in traffic jams.我认为，将会有一项发明，这项发明能帮助司机不塞车。get/be stuck 陷进去；卡住；使停滞“get过去分词”可理解为被动语态的另一种表达方式。The bus was/got stuck in the mud.公交车陷在泥里了。Im getting stuck now because there is no more material for the work.我无法进行下去了，没有做这项工作的材料了 get加过去分词构成的短语有：get delayed迟到get married结婚get hurt受伤 get burnt烫伤，烧伤get broken坏了 get trapped受困He got married the year before last.他前年结的婚。20.The man tried to break into the shop during the night，but got_in the chimney.Astuck Bto be stuckCsticking Dto stick【答案】A111
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