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111选修6Unit 3A heal thy life要 点 梳 理高效梳理知识备考重点单词1abuse n. & vt.滥用；虐待2stress n压力；重音 vt.加压力于；使紧张stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的stressed adj.焦虑不安的3adolescent n青少年 adj.青春期的adolescence n青春期4ban vt.禁止；取缔 n禁令；谴责5due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的6addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的addict n有瘾的人addiction n沉溺；嗜好7accustom vt.使习惯于accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的8automatic adj.无意识的；自动的_automatically adv.无意识地；自动地9mental adj.精神的；智力的mentally adv.精神上；智力上10quit vt.停止(做某事)；离开11effect n结果；效力12strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强strength n力气strong adj.强壮的13desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的14disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的disappointing adj.令人失望的disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴disappointment n失望15ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的shame n羞愧shameful adj.可耻的shameless adj.无耻的，厚颜的16judgement n看法；判决；判断judge v判断17embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的embarrass v(使)尴尬embarrassment尴尬18awkward adj.局促不定的；笨拙的重点短语1due to由于2addicted to 对有瘾3accustomed to 习惯于4decide on 对作出决定5feel like(doing) 想要(做)6in spite of 不顾；不管7take risks(a risk) 冒险8get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)9at risk 处境危险；遭受危险10have an effect on 对有影响重点句型1Why do you think some adolescents start smoking? 你认为有些青少年为什么会开始吸烟？2I knew it was time to quit smoking. 我知道该戒烟了。3I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样长寿健康。4Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a nonsmoker.每当你想要吸烟的时候，你就提醒你自己；你(已经)是不吸烟的人了。5It is no good crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。6It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick.只有当这种病毒发展成艾滋病时，人才会显出病态。高考范文(2008浙江)人们完成工作的方式通常有两种：独立完成与合作完成。两种方式各有特点。请你以 Working Individually or Working in a Team为题，按照以下要点写一篇英语短文：1独立完成：自行安排、自己解决问题2合作完成：一起讨论、相互学习3我喜欢的方式及理由注意：词数100120，文章的题目和开头已给出(不计入总词数)。Working Individually or Working in a TeamThere are basically two ways to get work done. _范文Working Individually or Working in a TeamThere_are_basically_two_ways_to_get_work_done. One is to work individually. In this way, people can decide for themselves when to start work and how to do it. Whats more, they will be able to learn how to solve problems on their own.People may also choose to work in a team, where they can learn from each other and help each other. Besides, they may work out better ways to get work done by discussion.Personally, I prefer to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my experiences with them. As the work can be divided among several people, it can be done efficiently. Teamwork is always important.考 点 探 究互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1abuse vt. & n滥用；虐待即学即练1(1)Dont _ _ _.不要滥用你的特权。(2)The farmer often _ _ _.这位农夫经常虐待他的妻子。abuse yourprivilegeabusedhiswife(3)You shouldnt _ _ _.你不应该过度使用你的眼睛。(4)I dont understand why I should put up with this kind of _ _ _.我不明白我为什么要忍受她这样辱骂我。abuseyoureyesabusefromher2stress n. 重压，压力；逼迫，重音；重点；着重；强调vt. 着重；强调stressful adj. 紧张的，压力重的stressed adj. 焦虑的，紧张的，无法放松的a stressful job/situation/lifestyle繁重的工作/艰难的处境/紧张的生活方式stress that./sth. 强调in the stress of the moment 一时紧张time of stress 危难之际，非常时期lay/place/put stress on. 把重点放在上under the stress of. 为所迫即学即练2(1)_ and rhythm are important in speaking English.说英语时重音和节奏都很重要。(2)We must _ _ _ selfreliance.我们必须强调自力更生。Stresslaystress on(3)The English curriculum should _ both composition and reading.英语课程对写作和阅读应同样重视。(4)Worrying over his job and his wifes health _ him _ _ _ _.忧虑自己的工作及妻子的健康问题使他处于极大的压力之下。stressputunderagreatstress3due adj. 预期发生的，预期到达的，应付的，到期的be due to do sth. 预期做某事be due to sth./doing sth./sb. 归因于某事/归因于做某事/欠某人be due for sth. 应有；应得到即学即练3(1)Ones success _ largely _ _ his efforts.一个人的成功在很大程度上是由于他的努力。(2)The book _ _ _ be published in October.这本书预定十月出版。(3)Have they been paid the money _ _ _？他们是否已得到了应得的钱？isduetoisduetoduetothem提示：(1)due 当“预定的；预期的”讲时，构成 be due to 短语，其中 to为不定式符号，后接动词原形。(2)due 当“应得的；应付的”讲时，构成 be due to sb.短语，其中 to为介词，后接名词或动名词。(3)due to 当“因为；由于”讲时，to为介词，与其意义相同的短语为：because of因为owing to由于，因为on account of由于as a result of由于thanks to多亏，幸亏as a consequence of 由于Owing to his poor health, his visit to Japan was put off. 由于身体不好，他去日本的访问被推迟了。He was sent to a nursing home on account of age.他因年迈而被送进了福利院。Thanks to a good teacher, he passed the test.多亏了一位好老师，他考试及格了。4accustom vt. 使习惯于，使适应accustomed adj. 通常的，习惯的be accustomed (used) to (doing) sth.习惯于(表状态)become/get accustomed (used) to (doing) sth.习惯于(表动作)accustom oneself/sb. to (doing) sth.使自己/某人习惯于即学即练4(1)Painting barns red is an _ practice.仓房刷成红色是一种习俗。(2)He has _ _ _ the way the teacher gives lectures. 他已经习惯了那个老师的讲课方式。(3)You must _ _ _ the new environment.你必须使自己适应新环境。accustomedbecomeaccustomedtoaccustom yourselfto5quit vt.&vi. 停止(做某事)；离开；戒掉adj. 摆脱(难题等)的quit doing sth. 放弃干某事，停止干某事quit office/school 离职/退学be quit of sb./sth. 摆脱即学即练5(1)I _ _ years ago.我几年前就戒酒了。(2)I made up my mind _ _.我已决定辞职了。(3)He was glad to _ _ _ the troublesome job.他很高兴能摆脱那个麻烦的工作。quit drinkingtoquitbequitof6effect n结果；效力effective adj.有效的；醒目的have an effect on影响put/bring sth. into effect实施，实行，使生效come into effect/take effect(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施in effect实际上即学即练6(1)Inflation is _ _ _ _ _ the economy.通货膨胀正在给经济带来灾难性的影响。(2)It wont be easy to _ the changes _ _.把这些变化落到实处不是件容易的事。(3)The new tax rates _ _ _ from April.新的税率从四月起生效。havingadisastrouseffectonputintoeffectcomeintoeffect7ashamed adj. 感到惭愧羞耻的(表语形容词)shame n. 羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事shameful adj. 可耻的，不体面的be ashamed of (doing) sth. 因(做了)某事而感到羞愧be ashamed to do sth. 耻于的；因难为情而不愿做某事feel ashamed for sb. 替某人感到羞愧be ashamed that. 感到羞愧的是即学即练7(1)She _ _ _ _ _ in the examination.她因考试不及格而感到羞愧。(2)She _ _ _ _ anyone that she had fallen in love with him.她羞于告诉任何人自己爱上了他。(3)He _ _ _ his shameful conduct.他为自己可耻的行为感到羞愧。wasashamedofhavingfailedwasashamedtotellisashamedof8in spite of 尽管，虽然，不管，不顾in spite ofn.despite (prep.)n.regardless ofn.in spite of the fact that.(同位语从句)(al) though从句即学即练8(1)We went out _ _ _ the rain.尽管下着雨，我们还是出去了。(2)Kelly loved her husband _ _ _ the fact that he drank too much.虽然丈夫喝酒很凶，但凯莉仍然爱着他。inspiteofinspiteof9take risks/a risk冒险run (take) a risk/risks 冒险run (take) the risk of doing sth. 冒着的风险/危险at risk (in danger)处于危险中at the risk of doing sth. 可能导致(不快等)，冒危险at all risks 无论冒危险risk ones health/life 以健康做赌注/冒着生命危险risk doing 冒险做即学即练9(1)You are _ _ _ _ in trusting him.信任他无异于冒险。(2)He decided to get there even _ _ _ _ his life.他决定去那里，即使有生命危险。(3)They _ _ everything.他们冒着失去一切的风险。takingabigriskattheriskofriskedlosing(4)Any man who smokes cigarettes is _ _ _. 吸烟的人是拿健康去冒险。risking hishealth10get into 陷入；染上(习惯)；开始对感兴趣get into trouble 陷入麻烦get into the habit of. 染上的习惯get into panic 陷入恐慌get (sth.) across (to sb.) (使某事为人)理解get along/on with 进展；相处ge away (from) 脱离get back 回来；返回get around/about 四处走动get over 克服；解决；控制get through 接通；完成即学即练10(1)How did you _ _ _？你是怎么染上毒品的？(2)I havent really _ _ _ _ _ yet.我还未真正熟悉我的新工作。(3)I _ _ _ with an Italian student.我与一位意大利学生谈了起来。get intodrugsgot intomynewjobgotintoconversation.重点句型详解1Why do_you_think some adolescents start smoking?你认为有些青少年为什么会开始吸烟？do you think 在句中做插入语。这种句式也可叫做双重疑问句。其构成有两种情况：(1)做主语的疑问词do you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest谓语部分？(2)非主语的疑问词do you think/suppose/believe/imagine/say/suggest主语谓语部分？Which film do you think will win the Golden Lion of the 66th Venice International Film Festival？你认为哪一部电影会赢得66届威尼斯国际电影节金狮奖？When do you suggest we hold a meeting to talk about the problem？你建议我们什么时候举行会议谈论这个问题？Who do you suppose we shall ask to attend our party?你想我们会邀请谁来参加我们的宴会？Why do you think she didnt agree with our suggestions？你认为她为什么不同意我们的主意？提示：(1)如果插入语是 do you suggest 时，句中的谓语要用 shoulddo或省略 should。(2)do you know 不能作为插入语。如：Do you know which team will win?你认为哪个队会赢呢？即境活用1I havent heard from John for a long time.What do you suppose _ to him?Awas happeningBto happenChas happened Dhad happened解析：句中 do you suppose 是插入语，句子主干为 What has happened to him?答案：C2I knew it_was_time_to quit smoking.我知道我该戒烟了。Its time to do. 到了干的时间了。Its time for sth. 到了的时间了。Its time (for sb.) to do sth. 到了某人干的时间了。Its (high/about) timethat 从句到了某人干的时间了。It/This is the first/second.time that.这是第一/二次Its time for lunch/to have lunch.到吃午饭的时间了。Its time that the kids were/should be in bed.到了孩子们睡觉的时间了。This is the first time that I have been to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次参观长城。提示：“Its (high/about) timethat 从句”中，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时或 “should动词原形”，且 should不能省略。“It/This is the first/second.timethat从句”中，从句的谓语动词要用完成时态，当句型为 It is the first time that时，从句谓语动词用现在完成时，当句型为 It was the first time that 时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。即境活用2It is high time that we _ action. Otherwise we _ late.Atake; will be Btake; areCtook; will be Dtook; would be解析：本题考查虚拟语气。It is high time that. 结构中从句常用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用一般过去时或 “should动词原形”。另外，otherwise 代替了 if虚拟条件句，根据句意，其后的句子应用表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。答案：D易 错 点 拨自我完善误区备考1. effect/affect(1)effect作“影响”讲是名词；用做动词意为“产生，引起”(produce)。(2)affect作“影响”讲是及物动词(have an effect on)。应用1(1)The amount of rain _ the growth of crops.雨量影响作物的生长。(2)The war _ changes all over the world.战争使世界各地发生了变化。affectseffected2. in spite of/despite/although/though(1)in spite of与despite同义，常可换用。in spite of为普通用语，dispite多用于书面语言，despite不与of连用。(2)although/though也是“尽管；不管；不顾”的意思，但用做从属连词，后面接让步状语从句。in spite of/despiten.although从句。应用2(1)We went out _ it was raining.(2)We went out _ the rain.尽管在下雨，我们还是出去了。althoughdespite高 效 作 业自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1In our city, the shops were not allowed to sell c_ to students.2There are no lengths to which an a_ person will not go to obtain his drug.3Im a_ to say I havent been to church for three years.4His increasing financial difficulties forced him to take d_ measures.cigarettesaddictedashameddesperate5Nowadays many supermarket doors can shut a_.6Youve put me in an _(令人尴尬的) position.7You will soon get _ (习惯) to the climate here.8He got his present job when he _ (离开) the army.9The road looks beautiful covered by golden pine _(松针)10Her position in the party has _(加强) in recent weeks.automaticallyawkwardaccustomedquittedneedlesstrengthened .单项选择1David, its Frank. Do you have a few minutes? I need to see you._. But I hope “a few minutes” dont turn into an hour.AIm afraid notBIt doesnt matterCI dont think so DI guess so答案：D解析：I guess so表示答应。2Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people_smoking.Aquit BdeclineCdepart Dreserve答案：A解析：句意为“医生们正在研究，目的是找出当人停止抽烟时身体将发生什么变化”。quit在这里作“停止”讲；decline “下降，减少”；depart “出发，动身，离开”；reserve 保留，储存。3She felt _ of doing that and tears ran down her cheeks.Ashame BashamedCsorry Dshameful答案：B解析：句意为：她为做了那事而感到羞愧4When I was very young I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon _ it.Agot off Bgot awayCgot across Dgot over答案：D解析：句意为“我小的时候害怕上学，但是不久就克服了”。get over 克服；get off 下车；get away 摆脱；get across (使为人)理解。5(2010陕西西安质检)In Xian, although there is a good public transport system, _ private car is still becoming _ popular means of transportation.A/; the Bthe; aCthe; the Da; /答案：B解析：考查冠词。第一空，定冠词用在单数名词前面表示类别，即“私家车”；第二空用不定冠词，泛指“一种受欢迎的交通方式”。6Hearing that most of the members voted against her, she _ a smile.Awore BmanagedCperformed Dcontrolled答案：B解析：wear a smile 表示“脸上挂着微笑”，perform，control 均不合题意。manage a smile 表示“勉强挤出一丝微笑”。7_to computer games, the boy has lost all interest in his lessons.AAddicted BHaving addictedCAddicting DAddict答案：A解析：be addicted to “沉迷于”，句中过去分词短语做状语。8Accustomed to _ in the countryside, he found it hard to live in the city.Aliving BliveChaving lived Dhave lived答案：A解析：be accustomed to doing sth.be used to doing sth. 习惯于9Since our country has so many good table tennis players, we have to _ the best ones to take part in the game.Arely on Bdepend onCjudge on Ddecide on答案：D解析：decide on 相当于 determine on “对作出决定”。rely ondepend on “依赖，依靠”，无 judge on 短语。10Cooperation or teamwork, the importance of which is often _， plays an important part in football matches.Astressed Bthink ofCpaid much attention Dtalked答案：A解析：stress the importance of. 意为“强调的重要性”，只不过题中用其被动结构而已。C、D项分别缺 prep. to, about, B项为 be动词直接与动词原形连用之误。11He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity.Ato lose BlosingCto be lost Dbeing lost答案：B解析：risk doing sth. “冒险做某事”。该句意为：他为面试作好了充分准备，因为他不能冒失去好机会的危险。12The great success of this program has been largely _ the support given by the 10 local businessmen.Ainstead of Bthanks toCdue to Das a consequence答案：C解析：thanks to 一般单独引导状语，只有 due to可与 be连用表示“由于”。13_ has recently been done to provide more English books for the students, a shortage of reading materials remains a serious problem.AWhat BThough whatCIn spite of what DThat答案：C解析：in spite of意为“尽管”。句意：尽管我们最近所做的就是给学生们提供更多的英语书，但是阅读材料的缺乏还是一个严重问题。14This is the first time I _ pictures with my own camera.Its time that you _ a picture of me.Atook; took Bhave taken; tookCtook; will take Dwill take; have taken答案：B解析：考查 This is the first time.和 Its time.句式。15(2010河南省实验中学)_ surprises us most is that she doesnt even know _ the difference between the two lies.AWhat; where BAll; whichCWhat; that DThat; where答案：A解析：考查名词性从句。语意：让我们最吃惊的是她竟然不知道两者的区别在哪儿。“What surprises us most”是主语从句，what在从句中作主语；“where the difference between the two lies”是宾语从句，where表示的是抽象地点。 .阅读理解 AHe could have been president of Israel or played the violin at Carnegie Hall, but he was too busy thinkingthinking on God, love and the meaning of life.Fifty years after his death, his shock(蓬乱) of white hair and hanging moustache still symbolize genius. Einstein remains the leading scientist of the modern time. Looking back 2 400 years, only Newton, Galileo and Aristotle were his equals.Around the world, universities and academies are celebrating the 100th anniversary of Einsteins “miracle year” when he published five scientific papers in 1905 that basically changed our grasp of space, time, light and matter. Only he could top himself about ten years later with his theory of relativity.Born in the age of horsedrawn carriages, his ideas launched a technological revolution that has made more change in a century than in the previous two thousand years. Computers, satellites, telecommunications, lasers, televisions and nuclear power all owe their invention to ways in which Einstein exposed a stranger and more complicated reality underneath the world.He escaped Hitlers Germany and devoted the rest of his life to human rights and peace with an authority( 当局) unmatched by any scientist today, or even most politicians and religious leaders. He spoke out against fascism and racial prejudice. His FBI(美国联邦调查局) file ran 1 400 pages.His letters expose a disorderly personal lifemarried twice and indifferent toward his children while absorbed in physics. Yet he charmed lovers and admirers with poetry and sailboat outings. Friends and neighbors fiercely protected his privacy(隐私)1The first paragraph implies that Einstein _.Ahad run for president before he worked at his researchBhad the gift for politics and musicCwas an excellent violinistDwas more a political leader or a musician than a thinker2When you think of Einstein, what typical appearance was formed in your mind?AFunning and humorous with an air of a musician.BWearing very wide trousers, a moustache, with an image of an actor.CRough untidy mass of white hair and hanging moustache, with an image of a thinker.DBlack long hair and moustache, with an air of a painter.3Why was 1905 called Einsteins “miracle year”？ABecause he topped himself with the theory of relativity.BBecause he made important discoveries of space, time, light and matter.CBecause he published five papers on his theory of relativity.DBecause he wrote five important articles to help people better understand space, time, light and matter.4Which of the following is NOT true about Einstein according to the passage?AHe was so busy with the physical research that he showed no interest in politics.BHe tried to amuse his admirers and friends in his spare time.CWhen he was absorbed in his research, he didnt care about his family.DHis theory led to much improvement in many technological fields. BOnce the 2008 Olympic Games finishes, the drums and trumpets(喇叭) of the competitions would also stop. But would the city remain as lively as it would be after this world event? Investment sustainability and high demand are two highly invaluable economic concepts(概念) that can be looked at in order to ensure postOlympics flourish, or perhaps, an even better future for Beijingers. Naturally, an economic downturn occurs in an Olympic host city once the major event finishes. Renmin University Professor Jin Yuanpu noted that a global event like this would put Beijing into a position of large importance in the international stage. But after this event, who would use the heavilyfunded equipment and public and private investments left in the city? Various economists argued that a meltdown (彻底垮台) is highly unlikely. Jonathan Anderson, UBS Asia economist, suggested that the negative effects of the end of Beijing Olympics 2008 on the entire country arent important compared to previous host cities. China is such a huge economy that the conclusion of the Olympic Games is the same as an antbite on a dragon. But what about postOlympics Beijing? Retired headmaster of Peking University, Li Yining, noted that a longterm civil demand growth and a popular desire by companies to adopt careful financial management decisions can lead to continued investment growth. Even though demand in some departments of the economy would drop in the short run, creativity, practicality and innovation(创新) would be the key factors that would continually enhance the cit
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