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gkxx精品课件,Unit 3 Tomorrows world,Grammar and usage,gkxx精品课件,The man _(call) “ Good husband”.,is called,gkxx精品课件,The pet dog _(treat) by veterinary.,is being treated,gkxx精品课件,A frog _ ( catch) by a big bird just now.,was caught,gkxx精品课件,An argument _ already _ _ (put forward),has been put forward,gkxx精品课件,be + done,The passive voice,gkxx精品课件,Point out the verb, the subject and the object in the following sentences:,We kept food in the fridge.,We must close the windows and the door.,S,v.,O.,S,V.,O,Food was kept (by us) in the fridge.,The windows and the door must be closed.,gkxx精品课件,How can we change a sentence into passive voice ?,1. Find out the object of the sentence and use it as the subject of the sentence with the passive voice.,2. Decide the tense of the sentence and use the related form of its passive.,3. If necessary, use”by” to join the former subject, which should be put into its object form.,gkxx精品课件,When do we use the passive voice ?,Many houses will be built here.,1. 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。,The song “ The East is Red” was written by a poor peasant.,2. 强调动作的承受者。,gkxx精品课件,The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.,3. 动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。,You are requested to attend the meeting.,4. 出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作的执行者。,gkxx精品课件,Change the following sentences into the passive voice:,1. All of us like her.,2. We are discussing the question.,3. We have put off the meeting.,4. I will develop my picture next week.,She is liked by all of us.,The question is being discussed.,The meeting has been put off.,My picture will be developed next week.,gkxx精品课件,be,+ done,am/is/are 一般现在时,am/is/are+being 现在进行时,shall/will+be 一般将来时,have/has+been 现在完成时,gkxx精品课件,be,+ done,was/were 一般过去时,was/were+being 过去进行时,would+be 过去将来时,had+been 过去完成时,gkxx精品课件,Please read Point 3 on Page 48.,Fill in the blanks with the right form of the words given:,I _(give) a new book by my father on my birthday. English _(find) very useful. 3.The work _(finish) tomorrow. 4. The flowers _(water) by them now.,was given,is found,will be finished,are being watered,gkxx精品课件,5.The railway _ (build) this time last year. 6. The new way _ already _ (build). 7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year. 8. He told me the sports meeting _(hold) the next month. 9. Rice _(grow) in the south of the States.,was being built,has,been built,had been built,would be held,is grown,gkxx精品课件,Change the following sentences into passive voice and ask questions about the underlined parts:,1. We will build many new sports venues for the Beijing Olympics.,Many new sports venues will be built for the Beijing Olympics.,What will be built for the Beijing Olympics ?,gkxx精品课件,2. I was watching the final match on TV yesterday evening.,3. John carried the Canadian flag at the opening of the Olympics.,The final match was being watched yesterday evening.,Where was the final match being watched yesterday ?,The Canadian flag was carried by John at the opening of the Olympics.,Who (Whom) was the Canadian flag carried by at the Olympics ?,gkxx精品课件,4. We have made the flags by hand.,5. I will take care of your dog while you are away.,The flags have been made by hand.,How have the flags been made ?,Your dog will be taken care of while you are away.,What will be taken care of while you are away ?,gkxx精品课件,Modal verb + be + done,gkxx精品课件,We can use modal verbs in the passive voice to talk about ability, possibility, duty, permission, etc.,Firefighters could be trained using RealCine.,Computers can calculate the position of the viewer at any time.,The position of the viewer can be calculated at any time.,gkxx精品课件,Practice:,1. The viewer can touch the objects in the film.,2. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness.,3. RealCine might not impress some viewers.,The objects in the film can be touched.,A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt.,Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine.,gkxx精品课件,4. Teachers could use RealCine in the classroom too.,5. Film-makers should use RealCine for all films.,6. Scientists ought to develop RealCine further.,7. The viewer must wear special gloves.,RealCine could be used in the classroom too.,RealCine should be used for all films.,RealCine ought to be developed further.,Special gloves must be worn.,gkxx精品课件,被动语态的各种句型：,1.单宾语结构。,Our English teacher often uses a tape-recorder in teaching English.,A tape-recorder is often used (by our English teacher ) in teaching English.,gkxx精品课件,The villagers gave the foreign guests a warm welcome.,The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers.,A warm welcome was given to the foreign guests by the villagers.,We offered people in the flooded areas some food and clothes.,2.双宾语结构。,People in the flooded areas were offered some food and clothes.,Some food and clothes were offered to the people in the flooded areas.,gkxx精品课件,3.复合宾语结构。,They heard someone singing in the next room.,object,Object complement,Someone was heard singing in the next room.,gkxx精品课件,在主动语态中，有些使役动词和感官动词后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。 但在被动语态中，要改为带to的不定式作主语补足语。如：see/hear/make sb. do sth. Sb. be seen/heard/made to do sth.,They saw the boy fall from the tree.,The boy was seen to fall from the tree.,gkxx精品课件,4.短语动词结构。相当于及物动词的短语动词也可以有被动语态。 如：look after, give up, take care of, pay attention to, make use of, put off, wake up, put out 等。,The children are taken good care of.,The big fire has been put out.,孩子们得到了很好的照顾。 大火已经扑灭了。,gkxx精品课件,特别注意：,1. 只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。 不及物动词，不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。 如：happen, go on, take place, belong to, sound, feel等。,Correct mistakes:,This room is belonged to me.,This music is sounded sweet.,belongs to,sounds,gkxx精品课件,2.有些动词常用主动形式表示被动的意思，如：open, write, read, sell, wash, measure 等。,Your article reads well.,This type of car sells well in China.,This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 metres wide.,gkxx精品课件,It is said that It is reported that It is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It must be pointed out that ,3.在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。 如：,gkxx精品课件,It is reported that another man-made satellite will be sent into the moon next month.,Another man-made satellite is reported to be sent into the moon next month.,据报道,下个月又一颗人造卫星将会被发送到月球上.,The three missing sailors are believed to have drowned .,It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned.,人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了.,gkxx精品课件,It is said that Li Ping will study abroad.,Li Ping is said to study abroad.,It is said that Li Ping is studying abroad.,Li Ping is said to be studying abroad.,Li Ping is said to have studied abroad.,Li Ping is said to have been studying abroad.,It is said that Li Ping studied abroad.,It is said that Li Ping has been studying abroad.,gkxx精品课件,被动语态与系表结构：,被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承受者，过去分词表示动作；而系表结构表示状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。,The long novel was written by Mr. Lu Xun in the 1920s.,The long novel is well written, isnt it ?,The glass was broken by his little son yesterday.,Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it ?,被动语态,被动语态,系表结构,系表结构,gkxx精品课件,Feedback:,Choose the best answers:, Is Bob still performing ? Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left,gkxx精品课件,2. Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York ? I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. will not be sent; that not be sent; that C.should not be sent; what D.should not send; what,gkxx精品课件,3. Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 4. Much attention should _ the rapid increase in the number of cars on the roads, which may_ traffic jams and more accidents. A. pay to;result in B. be paid;result from C.be paid to;result in D. be paid;result from,gkxx精品课件,5. She is very shy and she is not used to _ in front of others. A. praise B. praising C. being praised D. be praised 6. What did the students think of the speech made by the lecturer yesterday ? To tell you the truth, the students were all _ with the _speech. A. boring; boring B. boring; bored C. bored; bored D. bored; boring,gkxx精品课件,7. My sister _ a good chance to go abroad for further education. A. offered B. was offering C. has offered D. was offered 8. Today many young people enjoy chatting on the net, but their sentences _. never read B. are never read C. werent read D. didnt read,gkxx精品课件,9. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear. A.is used B. are used C. Have used D. has been used 10. George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding ? No. I _ . Did they have a big wedding ? Was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt invite,gkxx精品课件,Practice: 1. All the employees except the manager _to work online at home. （2004广东） A. encourages B. encourage C. is encouraged D. are encouraged 2. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _to eat more fruit and vegetables. （2004上海） A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded,gkxx精品课件,3. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _by 2008. （2004 北京) A. has been completed B. has complete C. will have been completed D. will have completed 4. More patients _in hospital this year than last year. （2004江苏） A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated,gkxx精品课件,5. I dont know the restaurant, but its _to be quite a good one . (1995NMET) A. said B. told C. spoken D. talked. 6. _the sports meet might be put off. Yes, it all depends on the weather. (1995NMET) A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told,gkxx精品课件,7. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour. (1998NMET) A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 8. The heros story _ differently in the newspaper. (2005全国II) A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported,gkxx精品课件,9. Sarah, hurry up. Im afraid you cant have time to _ before the party.（2004全国II） A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 10. The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _ placed under the Ministers car. (2005广东) A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would be,gkxx精品课件,Homework Review what we learned today. Preview Task.,gkxx精品课件,Thank you!,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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