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虚拟语气,Subjunctivemood,Definition,虚拟语气表示_，而不表示_。它是通过_来表示的。,Conclusion,虚拟语气表示说话人的一种愿望、假设、猜测、建议等，而不表示客观存在的事实。它是通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示的。,Check,1Thejudgeorderedthatthethief_punished.A.wouldbeB.shouldbeC.wastobeD.mustbe2IwishI_youyesterday.A.seenB.didseenC.hadseenD.weretosee,3Iwouldratherthatyou_rightaway.A.leaveB.leftC.willleaveD.shouldlive4Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey_friendsforyears.A.shouldbeB.wouldbeC.havebeenD.hadbeen5Ifhe_inadayortwo,Iwouldwaitforhim.A.returnsB.shouldhavereturnedC.weretoreturnD.hadreturned,虚拟语气中动词形式的分类,Should+动词原形时态在原有时态上推前,Groupwork,4studentsineachgroup.Discussthesituationswhere“should+do”isused.,Discussion,Exercise,1Theworkersrequestedthattheirworkingconditions_(improve).2ItwassuggestedthatJane_amedicalexamination.(have)3Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents_twoweekstopreparefortheexam.(give)4Myadviceisthathe_upsmoking.(give),beimproved,(should)have,begiven,(should)give,宾语从句,主语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,Summury1(should)+do,1表示“命令，建议，要求”的词所带的从句中，都要用should+do，should可以省略。常用的词有：arrange,order,command,ask,suggest,advise,propose,demand,require,request,insist,desire等动词以及其对应名词，还有idea,plan等,suggest只有作“建议”时，从句中用虚拟，若表示“表明、暗示”时，不用虚拟。,1Janespalefacesuggestedthatshe_ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_amedicalexamination.A.be,shouldhaveB.was,haveC.shouldbe,hadD.was,has2Thebusdriverinsistedthathe_atnormalspeedandtherefore_forthechildsdeath.A.drove,needntanswerB.drive,shouldntanswerC.shoulddrive,shouldnthaveansweredD.drove,shouldntanswer（answerfor负责，保证）,insist只有作“坚决要求”时，才用虚拟，若表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，不用虚拟。,ItisnecessarythatpeoplebothyoungandoldinChina_someEnglishtobepreparedfortheWorldFairtobeheldinShanghaiin2010.AlearnBwilllearnCmustlearnDHavelearned,2.句型“It+be+important/desirable(理想的)/necessary/natural+that从句”中，用should+动词原形，should可省略Itisnecessarythatyou(should)bepresentatthediscussion.,Itisstrangethatsuchthings_tomyself.AwouldhappenBhappenedCwillhappenDshouldhappen,3.句型“Itisapity/ashame/strange/surprising+that从句”中，用should+动词原形，should表“竟然”，不可省ItisstrangethatthereshouldbesomanypoorpeopleinsucharichcountryasAmerica.,Groupwork,讨论“时态在原有时态上推前”的几种句型和动词的时态变化的具体形式,条件从句,If从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,过去时（did/were）,过去完成时haddone,would/could/should/might+V.（原）,would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.过去时2.should+V.3.weretodo,would/could/should/might+V.（原）,Summury2动词形式时态推前,1if引导的非真实条件句,IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla.,villa,Ifhe_morecarefully,he_thecaraccidentyesterday.,haddriven,wouldnothavehad,What_(happen)ifyou_(getup)toolatetomorrow?,wouldhappen,gotup,Translation,1如果我是你，我就告诉他真相。IfIwereyou,Iwouldtellhimthetruth.2如果你再早一点来的话，你就可以见到她了。Ifyouhadcomehereearlier,youcouldhavemether.3如果我们爬到山顶，我们就会看到更好的风景。Ifweclimbed/shouldclimb/weretoclimbtothetopofthemountain,wecouldgetagoodview.,Exercise,_itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will,在非真实条件句中,如果有were,had,should,我们可以将if省略,把这些词置于句首,采用倒装形式。,Ifyou_thatfilmlatelastnight,youwouldntbesosleepy.AdidntseeBhaventseenCwouldnthaveseenDhadntseen,当从句与主句的动作发生的时间不一致时,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的变化.,Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.,Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingevenbetter.Ifyouhadwarnedmeyesterday,Imightnotbelatetoday.,Withoutelectricity,humanlife_quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbeHehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe_agoal.A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored,2某些介词without/butfor等或连词otherwise等表示含蓄条件，需用虚拟语气。Withoutair,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes.=Iftherewerenoair,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes.Butforthestorm,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.=Ifithadnotbeenforthestorm,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.Jackcanthavearrivedyet;otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.=Jackcanthavearrivedyet;ifhehadarrived,hewouldhavetelephonedme.,3Ifitwerenotfor,Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecrops_.(die)Ifitwerenotfor表示同现在事实相反_forthedoctorscarefultreatment,hecouldnthavelivedtilllastyear.同过去事实相反，要用“Ifithadnotbeenfor”,意为“如果当时没有”,woulddie,Ifithadnotbeen,4wish,InSubjunctivemood,Describethepicturesusing“wish”.,Linhaowisheshe_astallasYaoming.,were,Xiaoxinwishes/wishedhe_somuchwatermelon.,hadnteaten,Thefarmerwishesit_raintomorrow.,would,+did(与现在事实相反的),+haddone(与过去事实相反),+would/could/might+do(将来不大可能实现的愿望),Conclusion,wish,1HowIwisheveryfamily_alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad,2Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken,5asif/asthough,did与现在事实相反的,haddone与过去事实相反或想象的事物,TheChineseboyspeaksEnglishwellasifhewereanativeofAmerica.,HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhehadstudiedEnglishinEngland.,wouldcouldmightdo”。表示与将来事实相反“,Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething他张开嘴好像要说什么。Itlooksasifitmightsnow看来好像要下雪了。,Ifonlyhe_quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie6ifonly意为“若是.那该多好啊;真希望.;只要,只要.就好”。表示现在的情况,应用过去式;如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态Ifonlythatphotowerentmissing!IfonlyIhadfollowedhisadvice!,-Janewantstoseeyoutomorrow.”-“Iwouldrathershe_todaythantomorrow.”A.comesB.shouldcomeC.comeD.came,7wouldrather,Wouldrather“宁愿”，后接宾语从句要用虚拟形式对过去的虚拟，用过去完成时Idrathershehadntdonethat.对现在和将来的虚拟，用一般过去时Idratheryouwenttomorrow/now.,Itishightimethatwe_toschool.A.wouldgoB.wentC.willgoD.hadgone8Its(high/right)timethatthat从句要用虚拟语气：过去时或should+doItstimethatyouleft/shouldleavehere.,1Janny_havekeptherword.Iwonderwhyshechangedhermind.A.mustB.shouldC.needD.would2-IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.-Oh,didyou?You_withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayDmusthavestayed,情态动词表示虚拟语气,如：could/might/havedoneshould(not)havedoneought(not)tohavedoneneednthavedone,1.LookatthetroubleIamin.IfonlyI_youradvice.A.followedB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.shouldfollow,2.Thoughthisistheirfirsttalk,theyaretalkingasthoughthey_friendsforyears.A.willbeB.wereC.hadbeenD.shouldhavebeen,Morepractice:,3.Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest,soitseemsasifthesun_roundtheearth.A.werecirclingB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling,4.Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.A.drove,didntgetB.drove,wouldntgetC.weredriving,wouldntgetD.haddriven,wouldnthavegot,5.Idratheryou_againnextweekend.A.comeB.shouldcomeC.wouldcomeD.came,6.Iwishyou_toputthesethingsaway.A.WillhelpB.helpC.arehelpingD.wouldhelp,7.Alltheteachersandstudentsdemandthey_timeandfreedomoftheirown.A.hadB.musthaveC.haveD.oughttohave,8.Itisnecessarythatagoodworker_hisworkontime.A.finishedB.finishC.havetofinishD.willfinish,9.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?-No,butIwishI_.A.haveB.willC.doD.had10.Whatwouldhavehappened,_,asfarastheriverbank?A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther,Homework,1Writedownonyournotebooksthepointsdiscussed.2Finishtheexercisesonthepaper.,
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