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Briefintruductiontotranslation,Definition：Translationconsistsinreproducinginthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesourcelanguage,firstintermsofmeaningandsecondlyintermsofstyle.EugeneA.Nida,1969所谓翻译，是在译语中用最贴切的自然的对等语再现原语的信息，首先就意义而言，其次就是文体而言。,信：faithfulness,Criteria,达：expressiveness,雅：elegance,-严复,进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学度过的美好时光。ComingtothecampusofYaleUniversity,lookingatallthestudentsyoungfacesandbreathingtheairwithfragrantflavor,IcannotbutrecallmysweettimespendingatTinghuaUniversityinBeingjing40yearsago.ComingtothecampusofYaleunviversitywithitsfull-bodiedacademicatmosphereandlookingatyouryouthfulfaces,IcannotstandrecallingmysweetandmemorabletimeinTinghuaUniversityinBeijing40yearsago.,IhadnotknownyouamonthbeforeIfeltthatyouwerethelastmanintheworldwhomIcouldeverbeprevailedtomarry.我还没有认识你一个月，就觉得像你这样一个人，哪怕天下男人都死光了，我也不愿意将给你。我还没认识你一个月，就觉得像你这样一个人，在天下男人中我最不愿意结婚的就是你。,FromthereIcouldseethewholevalleybelow,thefields,theriver,andthevillage.Itwasallverybeautiful,andthesightofitfilledmewithlonging.从那里，我可以看见下面的真个山谷，那原野、河流和村庄。这一切非常美丽，见到后使我心里充满了渴望。从这里望下去，整个山谷一览无遗，只见那田野、河流和村庄，全都美不胜收，真叫我心驰神往。,子曰：学而时习之，不亦悦乎！有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎！Themastersaid，”Tolearnandatduetimestorepeatwhatonehaslearnt,isthatnotafterallapleasure?”Thatfriendsshouldcometoonefromafar,isthisnotafteralldelightful?Toremainunsouredeventhoughonesmeritsareunrecognizedbyother,isthatnotafterallwhatisexpectedofagentleman?,Literaltranslation,1.literaltranslation（直译）如果译文既能保持原文的内容，又可保持原文的形式-尤其是保持原文中的比喻、形象等，就尽量采用直译的方法。JapneseinvaderswerearmedtoteethduringWW2,butinafewyears,theyarecompletelydefeatedbytheChinesepeople.日本侵略者在二战时是武装到牙齿的，可是几年之后，就被中国人民彻底击败了。空中楼阁castleintheair破釜沉舟burntheboat,一味地为了保留原文的形式使译文变得意义含混不清甚至是晦涩难懂，还不如大胆地抛弃原文的形式而直达其意。Ifeelitdifficulttopass我感到很难过三心二意Threehearttwomeaning望穿秋水Lookthroughautumnwater红颜知己Redfaceknowme,toteachapigtoplayonaflute直译：教猪吹笛意译：对牛弹琴，做荒谬的事情，做不可能做到的事情山雨欲来风满楼Thewindsweepingthroughthetowerheraldsarisingstorminthemountains.Aturbulentsituationforetellsabigevent.Comingeventscasttheirshadowsbefore.,斗转星移，春来秋去，转眼间30年过去了。Timefliesandthirtyyearshaspassedbeforeonerealizesit.,山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村Afterencounteringallkindsofdifficultiesandexperiencingallkindsofhardships,wewillseelightattheendoftunnel.,不管前面是地雷阵还是万丈深渊，我都将一往无前，义无反顾，鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已.Nomatterhowdangerousitiswaitinginfrontofme,Iwillgoalloutwithoutanyhesitationormisgivings,anddevoteallmyselftothepeopleandthecountryuntilthelastmomentofmylife.Nomatterwhatiswaitinginfrontofme,beinglandminesoranabyss,Iwillblazemytrail,withoutanyhesitationormisgivings,anddevoteallmyselftothepeopleandthecountryuntilthelastdayofmylife.,
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