长沙市2020年（春秋版）八年级上学期期末英语试题B卷

长沙市2020年（春秋版）八年级上学期期末英语试题B卷姓名:_ 班级:_ 成绩:_一、补全短文5选5根据短文内容，将方框中的句子还原到文中正确的位置。APeople often hope for the weather they want.BHowever, he still probably comes closer to being night than most people.CBut they dont always agree with each other.DThey wont believe that they will finish their lunch in the rain.EAll these are the common ways to start a conversation.Everybody talks about the weather. Its the most popular topic of a conversation. For example, people may say to each other “Isnt it a nice day?” “Do you think its going to rain?” or “I think it is going to snow.” 1 . Many people think they can tell what the weather is going to be like. 2 . One man may say, “Do you see how cloudy it is in the east? It is going to rain tomorrow.” But another man may say, “Yes, its cloudy in the east, so we are going to have a fine day tomorrow.”3 . When a farmer needs water, he looks for something to show it is going to rain. He wont believe other things. When people are having a picnic, but it beg s to rain, they will be so sure about something that shows the weather is going to be fire very quickly. 4 . Almost everyone listens to what the weatherman says. But he does not always tell us what we want, and sometimes he makes a mistake. 5 . 二、完型填空Health is important to everyone. You should take care of your health. Many people_they dont need to take care of their health when they are young. Do they only need to take care of_health when they are old? The answer is No. Many young people die_they have health problems. Then, what should you do to keep healthy?First, you must try to drink a lot of_every day. Doctors say that people should drink more than eight cups of water a day. It can_you away from illness.Remember to do_every day. Doing exercise can keep you healthy. It can make you_. It is also a good way to help you_Eat healthy food. This is one of the best_for you to keep healthy. You should try to eat a balanced diet (平衡饮食) every day.Sleeping is also very_. When you sleep, you can have a good rest. Getting a good sleep every night can reduce (减少) the chance you fall ill.6 . AforgetBbelieveCavoid7 . AourByourCtheir8 . AifBorCbecause9 . .AjuiceBwaterCcoffee10 . AkeepBcauseCstop11 . .AwashingBexerciseChomework12 . AsadBfamousCstrong13 . ArelaxBpracticeCremember14 . AkindsBsidesCways15 . .ApopularBimportantCinteresting三、阅读单选Every country has its favorite food. Italians like to eat pizza. Indians like to eat hot food. Japanese like to eat fish. Often they dont cook it.In England, the popular food is fish and chips（炸鱼和薯条）. People usually buy it in a fish and chip shop. They put it in paper bags, and take it home, or to their workplace. Sometimes they eat it in the park or on the road. The worlds favorite food is American fast food. If you go to some important cities in the world, you can find people eating hamburgers and chips.Fish and chips, and Chinese take-away food are very popular in England. But they are less popular in the USA. The Americans eat take-away foods too, like chicken. But the most popular kind of take-away food is the hamburger. It is also popular in England and Australia.16 . Italians like to eat _.AdumplingsBpizzaChot foodDfast food17 . Fish and chips is very popular in _.AEnglandBAustraliaCThe USADChina18 . In different countries people eat _ food.AdifferentBthe sameCdeliciousDhot19 . _ is the worlds favorite food.AChinese take-away foodBAmerican fast foodCPizzaDHot food20 . The hamburger is a kind of _.AvegetableBdrinkCfoodDfruitWe often praise the world of science.It explains the world and makes our lives easier with technology. One of the most exciting fields in science is artificial intelligence (人工智能，AI). This is an area where scientists are working on creating machines that think like humans.However, one of the most famous scientists has a very dark warning for us about this type of technology.“The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race,” said Professor Stephen Hawking to the BBC.Hawking is a well-known British physicist and author of bestselling science book A Brief History of Time. This warning came after commenting（评论）the technology he uses to speak with. As Hawking has got a serious disease called ALS, he needs an AI computer to communicate. The computer learns how Hawking thinks and suggests the words he may want to use next.This is a basic type of AI, which is very useful, yet Hawking fears the possibility of creating technology that can match orsurpasshuman intelligence. And its easy to imagine how terrible things may be. Many TV shows and films show big, killer machines that are far cleverer than us. “Humans, who are limited（限制） by slow biological evolution (进化), couldnt compete,” said Hawking.But not every scientist is pessimistic (悲观的) about AI technology. “I believe we will be in control of the technology for a long time,” said Rollo Carpenter, creator of Cleverbot in the UK, which is a software program that remembers past conversations. “The advantages of it to solve many of the world problems will be realized.” In what direction do you think AI is heading? Should we be hopeful or fearful?21 . Which of the following is TRUE about AI?AIt makes our lives easier.BThe technology is not very popular now.CScientists havent controlled the technology.22 . The writer took Hawking as an example to _.Aexplain how AI has helped usBshow AI has already become part of our lifeCsuggest that AI might become dangerous for humans23 . What does the underlined word “surpass” mean in the passage?A象征B促进C超越24 . We can know from the last paragraph that _.ARollo agrees with HawkingBRollo is a British creatorCRollo invented Cleverbot in the US25 . Which of the following can be a suitable title for this article?AAI: a friend or an enemyBThe future of human beingsCThe fight between humans and AIIt is most difficult for parents to decide whether to have a second child or not.It is often heard that a single child is likely to be a lonely child. There are no other children in the family for the child to talk to or play with. An only child is not able to get along well with children of his age. Some parents feel sad about making the decisions to have only one child.But the number of parents choosing to have only one child is increasing in many parts of the world. In the US, for example, more than14 percent of women between 18 and 34 plan to have just one child. The same can be seen in the UK. In Japan, the average(平均) number of children born per family had gone down to 1.42 by 1996.For some single-child parents, especially who are busy working every day, time and energy seem to be overwhelming. They dont have enough time and energy to share with more children. For other people, money is their first consideration. Many couples in Japan choose not to have large families as the cost of supporting a child up to the age of 18 reaches around $160,000.26 . According to the passage, why is a single child likely to be lonely?ABecause his parents dont love him.BBecause he doesnt have holidays.CBecause he doesnt have a brother or a sister to talk to or play with.DBecause there are other children in the family.27 . What does the underlined word “overwhelming” mean in the last paragraph?A压倒一切的B宽松的C流行的D充足的28 . Why dont parents choose to have a second child?AThe cost of supporting a child is so high.B. Parents are too busy working every day to share their time and energy with more children.BSome parents cant still get their first childs agreement.CBoth A and B.四、语法填空附加题语法填空As a teenager,I got angry quite easily and was not good at29 . （municate)with others.I still remember that it was an early autumn. One day,while I was preparing for school,my mother 30 . (careless)handed me my fathers vest instead of31 . (my).At that time,I needed a32 . (large)size than my fathers,so when I put on the vest,it made me very 33 . (comfortable).My mother said sorry with a smile,but I shouted at her.I took34 . the vest so angrily that I made a hole in it.Later,my mother shared her bad feeling with my father,“See what your son 35 . (do).”Instead of punishing me,my father asked my mother to mend36 . vest.When my mother told me about my fathers response ,I felt ashamed.My fathers kindness taught me a lesson 37 . would never forget:I38 . think about others feelings when I get angry.And I decided not to let anger control me any longer.五、多任务混合问题Disasters happen all the time somewhere in the world. Are you ready if one hits your neighborhood next week? Find out what you need to do now before it is too late. Lets take an earthquake for example.During an earthquake, get under a strong object like the kitchen table. Dont leave the building during the shaking, or you might be hurt by falling objects from the outside of the building.When you are in bed during the night and an earthquake happens，simply roll off the bed. There will be a safe void around the bed.If you are watching TV and you cannot easily run away by getting out through the door or window, then lie down and curl up(蜷伏) next to a sofa, or a large chair.Never go to the stairs. The stairs are likely part of the building to be broken. Even if the stairs are not destroyed by the earthquake，they may fall down later when people run down.Try to get into an open area away from trees，buildings，walls，advertisement boards and power lines if you are outdoors.If you are driving when an earthquake suddenly happens，just stay in your car until the shaking ends. However, if the footbridge falls and breaks your car，get out of it and sit or lie next to it. All the broken cars have voids 3 feet high next to it.39 . What should you do if you are in a building when an earthquake happens?ARush out quicklyBSit in the kitchenCStay below strong objectsDGo down the stairs40 . The underlined word “void” in Paragraph 3 means“_”.AspaceBseatCdistanceDsign41 . When you are outdoors during an earthquake，you should go to _.42 . If you are inside a car when there is a sudden earthquake，you should _.Aget out of itBkeep inside itCmove away fastDstay under the footbridge六、汉译英：整句句子翻译43 . 大熊猫主要以吃竹子为生。44 . 他没来参加这次有意义的DIY课多遗憾呀！45 . 老师建议我们带笔记本记录我们所看到的。46 . 如果你在市场看到有人卖野生动物的话,请打110联系警察。47 . 扎龙自然保护区给稀有鸟类提供食物和庇护所。七、材料作文48 . 书面表达请根据本市学生道路伤害事故原因调查统计图表,写一篇英文短文,向刚来你校的外国交换生介绍这些事故的最主要的两项原因,并针对调查结果提出几点保障出行安全的建议,最后,表达你对他们在这里安全,愉快生活和学习的良好祝愿。文章首句已给出。Road safety is important for every student.第 8 页 共 8 页