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Unit 3Back to the past.单句语法填空1His _(come) home late worries his mother.答案：coming2_years go by, China is getting stronger and richer.答案：As3A steel works _(have) just been built there.答案：has4I saw an old man _(knock) down by a car just now.答案：knocked5The doctor told me I was _ need of a good rest.答案：in6An _(explode) ripped through a warehouse storing “dangerous goods” in north Chinas Tianjin City.答案：explosion 7He was not aware _ he had committed an offence.答案：that8I agree that King Peter should make a suitable _(declare)答案：declaration9She often _(complaint) to her boss about her being paid badly.答案：complains10He achieved his aim more by luck than _(judge)答案：judgement.阅读理解(2016河北邢台高三摸底考试)The ancient city of Chichen Itza in southern Mexico was one of the most powerful cities and one of the most powerful ancient culturesthe Maya.But today, no one lives there.It is only a group of old buildings.However, people from around the world still come to see it.People come to learn about its ancient culture, and the culture of the Mayan people. The Mayan culture began almost 3, 000 years ago and grew in parts of Central America.But about 1, 000 years ago a group called the Itza invaded the city and built new parts of the city based on natural wells.They named the city Chichen Itza, which means “mouth of the well of the Itza” The most interesting structure in Chichen Itza is the Pyramid of Kukulcan (库库尔坎金字塔), whose four sides all come together at one point at the top.Each side on the Pyramid of Kukulcan has 91 steps.And there is one more step at the top of the pyramid.The steps are as many as the days of a year.Some experts believe the Maya could have used this building to help them know when to plant crops.Each day the sun falls on a different step of the pyramid, which could be a way to follow the year. The people of Chichen Itza especially designed one building to observe and study the movement of the stars and planets.Experts say that the observatory (天文台) is one of the most complex structures the Maya built.A set of steps went up and around the observatory tower.And there were windows in the tower.Each window had a purpose.Experts believe that a person looking through one of these windows could see particular stars on particular dates.The Maya might have believed that studying the stars could tell them the future. Chichen Itza is now a UNESCO World Heritage site and an important part of the worlds history.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有着悠久历史和文化的古城奇琴伊察的相关情况。1Visitors came to the city of Chichen Itza to_Aview its beautiful sceneryBexperience and explore the Mayan cultureCstudy and observe stars on the observatoryDlearn something about when to plant cropsB解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句 “People come to learn about its ancient culture, and the culture of the Mayan people” 可知， 游客到奇琴伊察市来是为了体验和探索玛雅文化， 即B项正确。2Why did the invaders name the city “mouth of the well of the Itza” ?ABecause natural wells can be seen in the city.BBecause the city is large in size.CBecause the city is newlybuilt.DBecause its location is vital.A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “built new parts of the city based on natural wells” 可推知， 这座城市之所以如此命名， 是因为它有天然的井， 即A项正确。3Which of the following is TRUE?AChichen Itza is one of the world heritages today.BThe Pyramid of Kukulcan has 364 steps.CWindows in the tower predict the weather in the future.DThe city of Chichen Itza has a long history of 3, 000 years.A解析：正误判断题。根据最后一段 “Chichen Itza is now a UNESCO World Heritage site and an important part of the worlds history” 可知A项正确。根据第三段的前三句可知， 有 “4911365”个台阶， 故B项错误； C项与文章第四段内容不符； 根据第二段的第二、 三句可知， Chichen Itza距今约1 000年， 故D项错误。4Whats the authors purpose of writing this passage?ATo evaluate the Mayan culture.BTo persuade readers to pay a visit to the Pyramid of Kukulcan.CTo introduce the ancient city of Chichen Itza.DTo present the development of the Mayan constructions.C解析：写作意图题。文章主要介绍了古城奇琴伊察的一些相关情况。故选C项。.完形填空(2016石家庄一模) Communication is an important part of any relationship.Many of us are_1_ to share our experiences or emotions with our friends.But when its our turn to lend a(n)_2_， we soon become bored or are short of ideas on how to_3_ and offer advice.Thats because of what researchers call “listener burnout (精疲力竭)”A friend might talk to us_4_， often complaining about the same _5_ problems.When we offer quick advice to_6_ the situation, we may be unconsciously trying to_7_ ourselves from burnout.However, good listeners _8_ their natural tendency to solve the others problems hurriedly and to keep the conversation brief.To be a good_9_， you need to use “active listening”It starts with the real _10_ to help others and think through their feelings.Dont_11_ things.You can start by putting your phone _12_ and sitting close to your friend.Let your facial expressions _13_ what he or she is saying._14_ you are able to fully understand, acknowledge the other persons_15_ by reflecting them back: “That must be really hard for you.” Use _16_ words or even sounds such as “yes” “right”， and “hmm” to _17_ the other person to continue.Of course, a _18_ can be extremely hard if the other person is too critical.But dont get defensive.Effective listeners dont _19_ negative criticism.Instead, they listen and understand what the person is trying to convey _20_ responding.【语篇解读】 交流在人际关系中起着重要的作用， 许多人都愿意和朋友分享自己的经历或情感， 但是如何做一个善听者呢？文章对这个问题进行了说明。1A.afraidBhesitant Cshy DeagerD解析：我们许多人都渴望和朋友分享自己的经历或感情。be eager to do sth. “渴望做某事”。2A.shoulder Bhand Cear DeyeC解析：lend an ear为固定短语， 意思为 “倾听”。3A.respond Bexplain Cargue DquitA解析：根据 “and offer advice” 可知， 我们对如何做出反应(respond)和提供建议没有了主意。4A.aimlessly Bendlessly Cdeliberately DcautiouslyB解析：由下文的 “经常抱怨同样老生常谈的问题”可知， 这里应该是无休止地(endlessly)对我们谈这些。5A.difficult Bold Cacute DsensitiveB解析：参见上题解析。6A.fix Bdiscuss Ccreate DdescribeA解析：由 “offer quick advice” 可知， 应选fix, 表示 “解决”。7A.forgive Bprotect Cdiscourage DpreventB解析：protect sb./sth.from sth.表示 “保护某人/某事免于某事”， 符合语境。8A.follow Bdisplay Cform DovercomeD解析：然而， 好的倾听者会克服(overcome)他们的自然倾向来迅速解决他人的问题。9A.reader Bpartner Clistener DspeakerC解析：由下文的 “active listening” 可知， 做一个好的倾听者(listener)需要积极地倾听他人诉说。10A.demand Bhabit Cdesire DabilityC解析：开始时要有真的要帮助别人的渴望(desire), 并认真考虑他们的感情。11A.skip Brush Coverlook DpostponeB解析：rush things表示 “仓促做事”， 符合语境。12A.away Boff Cout DupA解析：这里表示把你的手机收起来(putting your phone away), 紧紧地坐在你朋友身边。13A.record Brestrict Creflect DreplaceC解析：由下文的 “by reflecting them back” 可知， 这里表示让你的面部表情对你朋友所说的话做出反应。14A.Whether BSince CWhile DIfA解析：作为一个倾听者， 不管(whether)你是否能够完全理解对方， 你都要对对方的感情(feelings)做出回应。15A.suggestions Bpurposes Cresponses DfeelingsD解析：参见上题解析。16A.big Btough Cstrong DshortD解析：由下文的yes, right和hmm可知， 要用简短的(short)语言来鼓励(encourage)他人继续说下去。17A.force Bremind Cencourage DconvinceC解析：参见上题解析。18A.conversation Bsuggestion Cproblem DlectureA解析：由语境可知， 这里说的是谈话(conversation)很难进行下去。19A.give up Bmake up Cleave out Dblock outD解析：善听者不会抹去负面批评， 相反， 他们会在做出反应之前倾听并且明白这个人试图传达的意思。block out “不去想， 抹去”。20A.after Bbefore Cwhile DonceB解析：参见上题解析。Unit 3Back to the past(B卷).阅读理解ABaracks got it, Jobs had it, Gagas definitely got it.lets get coolBarack Obama, Lady Gaga and Steve Jobswhat do they have in common？They are, of course, all Americans. And according to a survey by social networking site badoo.com, they all best illustrate (举例说明) the word “cool”But just what does it mean to say someone is “cool”？Most would answer that it is something to do with being independentminded and not following the crowd.Yale University art professor Robert Farris Thompson says that the term “cool”goes back to 15th century West African philosophy(哲学). “Cool”relates to ideas of grace (优雅) under pressure.“In Africa, ”he writes, “coolness is a positive quality which combines calmness, silence, and life.”The modern idea of “cool”developed largely in the US in the period after World War . “Postwarcoolwas in part an expression of war weariness(厌倦).it went against the strict social rules of the time, ”write sociologists Dick Pountain and David Robins in Cool Rules: Anatomy of an Attitude.But it was the American actor James Dean who became the symbol for “cool” in the hugely successful 1955 movie Rebel Without a Cause.Dean plays a tough guy who disobeys his parents and the authorities.He always gets the girl, smokes cigarettes, wears a leather jacket and beats up bullies(欺凌弱小者)In the movie, Dean showed what “cool” would mean to American young people for the next 60 years.Today the focus of “cool” has changed to athletics stars.Often in movies about schools, students gain popularity on the athletics field more than in the classroom.This can be seen quite clearly in movies like Varsity Blues and John Tucker Must Die.But many teenagers also think being smart is cool.Chess and other thinking games have been becoming more popular in schools.“Call it the Harry Potterization of Americaa time when being smart is the new cool, ”writes journalist Joe Sunnen.【语篇解读】 “酷”到底意味着什么？本文追寻不同时代人们对 “酷”的理解， 到如今 “Lady嘎嘎” “乔布斯”等， 向我们展示了 “酷”的变化。1What does the article mainly talk about?AThe origin of the word “cool”BThe kinds of people who are “cool”CThe changing meaning of the word “cool”DHow to be a “cool” person.C解析：主旨大意题。由全文可知本文主要讨论了 “酷”一词的意思的变化。2If you were considered “cool” in Africa in the 15th century, you_Athought and acted differently from the majorityBhad a calm and quiet attitude towards lifeCdidnt observe rules or authoritiesDhad all kinds of “bad” mannersB解析：细节理解题。由文中第四段 “coolness is a positive quality which combines calmness, silence, and life.”可知B项正确。3The heroes in Varsity Blues and John Tucker Must Die are likely to be those who_Ado very well in their studiesBare very skilled at sportsCare good at chess and thinking gamesDhave supernatural powers like Harry PotterB解析：细节理解题。由文中倒数第三段可知B项正确。BA woman from Japan, who had visited major business and investment companies in New York City, was telling a friend about her trip to the US. “I studied English before I left home.But I still was not sure that people were speaking English.”Her problem is easy to understand.Americans in business are like people who are in business anywhere.They have a language of their own.Some of the words and expressions deal with the special areas of their work.Other expressions are borrowed from different kinds of work such as the theater and movie industry.One such saying is “get your act together”. When things go wrong in a business, an employer may get angry.He may shout, “Stop making mistakes.Get your act together.”Or, if the employer is calmer, he may say, “Let us get our act together.”Either way, the meaning is the same.Getting your act together is getting organized.In business, it usually means to develop a calm and orderly plan of an action.It is difficult to tell exactly where the saying began.Perhaps one of the actors was nervous and made a lot of mistakes.The director may have said, “Calm down, now.Get your act together.”Word expert James Rogers says the expression was common by the late 1970s.He says The Manchester Guardian used it in 1978.The newspaper said a reform policy required that the British government get its act together.Now, this expression is heard often when officials of a company meet.One company even calls its yearly report, “Getting Our Act Together”【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了 “get your act together” 这个短语的应用以及起源。4Paragraph 1 is written mainly to _Atell us the Japanese womans English is poorBlead to the subject of the whole passageCtell us it is important to grasp spoken EnglishDtell us traveling in the US.is very difficultB解析：篇章结构题。第一段由一位日本女士在国内学习了英语之后， 在纽约依旧遭遇语言交流障碍的经历， 引出文章的话题。5The reason why the woman was not sure that people were speaking English was that_Athey spoke too fast to followBthey didnt want the woman to learn their experienceCthey had some special words and expressions of their own in their fieldDthey were from the theater and movie industryC解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知， 这位日本女士依然会有语言交流障碍的原因是各个行业都有自己专门的词汇或表达。6The saying “get your act together” in Paragraph 3 means “_ ”ADont do that again BYou are dismissedCCalm down DGet organizedD解析：细节理解题。根据下文尤其是第五段的前两句可知， 该短语的意思是 “有条理地筹划”。7The best title for the passage is _ADifferent countries, different languagesBThe experience in the US.CThe expression and its story: get your act togetherDHow to learn English wellC解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知， 文章主要讲述 “get your act together”这一短语的应用和起源。.语法填空(2016河南洛阳高三统一考试)How do learning habits influence learning results? Its useful and necessary to discuss learning habits.There is a famous 1._ (say) “Good habits lead to good endings”， which shows the importance of habits.“An apple a day keeps the doctor away” also 2._ (show) a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body.Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, high scores and abundant knowledge 3._ (include)At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitude 4._ the content of our learning.5._ (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.As we can see, developing a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habitskeeping 6._ learning diary every day.We can start the habit by 7._ (write) a learning summary and remember to record something impressive and meaningful.Keep it in mind, 8._ gradually we will gain this good learning habit and benefit from it. Whats 9._ (much), I find out that I still have some bad learning habits 10._ well.I can only concentrate on reading for a short time, and I will conquer this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice. I believe that through my efforts, I can gain good learning results by having good habits.1saying解析：考查名词。there is a famous saying表示“有一句名言”。2shows解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处陈述的是客观事实， 应用一般现在时； 句子的主语为 “An apple a day keeps the doctor away”， 谓语动词用单数。3included解析：考查过去分词。high scores and abundant knowledge和include之间为动宾关系， 故用过去分词作后置定语。4to/towards解析：考查介词。attitude to/towards表示 “对的态度”。5Obviously解析：考查副词。根据语境可知， 此处应用副词作状语。6a解析：考查冠词。diary为可数名词， 故应用不定冠词a, 表泛指。7writing解析：考查动名词。by为介词， 后接动名词作宾语。8and解析：考查固定句型。这是一个固定句型 “祈使句and陈述句”。9more解析：考查固定词组。whats more表示 “而且”。10as解析：考查固定搭配。as well表示 “还”。
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