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广东南雄县2017高考英语阅读理解九月检测【科普知识型-阅读理解】Doctors sometimes prescribe light therapy to treat a form of depression in people who get too little morning sun. But too much light at other time may actually cause such mood disorders. Longlasting exposure to light at night brings depression, a new study finds, at least in animals.The new data confirm observations from studies of people who work night shifts, says Richard Stevens of the University of Connecticut Health Centre. Mood disorders join a growing list of problems, including cancer, obesity and diabetesthat can occur when light throws life out of balance by disturbing the biological clock and its timing of daily rhythms.In the new study, Tracy Bedrosian and Randy Nelson of Ohio State University exposed mice to normal light and dark cycles for four weeks. For the next four weeks, half of the mice remained on this schedule, and the rest received continuous dim light throughout their night. Compared with mice exposed to normal nighttime darkness, those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks，“a sign they no longer get pleasure out of activities they once enjoyed，” Bedrosian says.In a second test, mice were clocked on how long they actively tried to escape a pool of water. Those exposed to night lights stopped struggling and just floated in the water, a sign of “behavioural despair”，10 times as long as the mice that had experienced normal nighttime darkness. All symptoms of depression disappeared within two weeks of the mice returning to a normal lightdark cycle, the researchers report. The scientists also could quash the behavioural symptoms by injecting (注射)the brains of animals with a drug that prohibits the activity of certain molecules linked with human depression. This finding further suggests that light at night may cause something related to depression.Human studies linking nighttime light and mood disorders are important but cant easily detect molecular underpinnings (分子结构)as animal studies can，says George Brainard of Thomas Jefferson University. The new work, he says, suggests that the change of the biological clock by light at night can be “an extremely powerful force in regulating biology and behaviour”1After being exposed to continuous nighttime light，the mice _Achanged their preferencesBescaped from the water more eagerlyCremained active as beforeDshowed less interest in their favourites2What does the underlined word “quash” in Para. 4 probably mean?AStudy.BPredict.CEase.DCause.3We can learn from the last paragraph that _Alight at night may have practical valueBthe biological clock is beneficial to humansChuman mood disorders cannot be healed easilyDhuman studies are more important than animal studies4What is the main idea of the passage?ANighttime light may foster depression.BA drug has been found to cure mood disorders.CThe study on animals can be applied to humans.DHuman biological clock can be controlled by light.【要点综述】光照疗法可以治疗抑郁症，但是，新的研究表明长期暴露于夜晚的灯光也可带来抑郁症，这项研究至少在动物身上得到了验证。1D细节理解题。根据“Compared with mice exposed to normal nighttime darkness，those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks”可知，那些在夜晚持续接受暗淡灯光的老鼠失去了对于甜饮料的浓厚喜好，即没有那么喜欢甜饮料了，故选D项。2C词义猜测题。通过原文quash前面also可以断定，quash的意思等于前面一句话的意思，即症状消失了，故选ease“缓解，减轻”。3A推理判断题。根据最后一句可知，灯光可以影响生物钟，生物钟的改变可以影响行为，故选择A项。4A主旨大意题。根据文章首段“Doctors sometimes prescribe light therapy to treat a form of depression in people who get too little morning sun.But too much light at other time may actually cause such mood disorders.”可知，本文主要讨论nighttime light与mood disorder或depression的关系，故A项正确。2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The first visit to a foreign country that I can remember was when I was about seven years old. We lived about 5 miles away from the Canadian border(边界). My family and I went to Parc Safari, Quebec, a wonderful place that has animals and rides. We drove down a nice long road. My sister and I sat in the back of the car, and it was a hatchback(有仓门式后背的汽车) so we opened it up. I remember feeding the animals snacks we had bought for ourselves.When we arrived, there were not monkeys because they had escaped and had not been found. I remember thinking to myself, how cool it would be to see a monkey in our backyard.Even though the monkeys were not there it was still so much fun. When we reached the area that had camels, giraffes and other animals, I remember one of the camels reached into the car to get our snacks. However, we were a little gross out because the camels seemed to froth(吐白沫) at the mouth and we had camel slobber(口水) all over the car and us.It was one of the best family vacations that I can remember. It was not too far from home, it was in a different country and it was with my family. I cannot remember if we went on the rides or not but seeing many animals was a great time. Now I am grown up and have a son, and I am planning to go there again. He is 7 years old and I think he is at a great age to enjoy a trip like this. I am sure it has changed a lot over the years but it will still be a great family trip.1. Where did the author live when he was 7 years old?A. In Canada B. In the central USC. Near the Canadian border D. In Parc Safari2. During the trip, the author _.A. saw a monkey B. fed some monkeysC. was angry with the giraffes D. had been in close contact with the camels3. What does the underlined part “gross out” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. uncomfortable B. excited C. tired D. surprised4. What does the author intend to do?A. To have a holiday abroad with his parents.B. To take his 7-year-old son to a zoo.C. To revisit the place he went to at seven.D. To have a family trip in his own country.参考答案14、CDAC 2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。The most important day Helen Keller remembered in all her life was the one on which her teacher, Anne Sullivan, came to her. It was three months before she was seven years old. On the afternoon of that day, Helen knew that something was happening. She went outside and waited at the door of the house. She could feel the sun on her face and she could touch the leaves of the plants. Then she felt someone walking towards her. She thought it was her mother and she went to her and held her close. This was the teacher who had come to teach all things to her and, above all, to love her. The next morning, the teacher took her into her room and gave her a doll. When Helen was playing with it, Miss. Sullivan slowly spelled the word “doll” onto her hand. Helen learnt a lot of words like this. After the teacher had been with her for several weeks, Helen understood that everything had a name. One day Helen didnt understand the difference between “mug” and “water”. She became angry and threw the doll on the floor. In her quiet, dark world she didnt feel sorry for doing it. Then her teacher took her out into the warm sunshine. They walked down to the well where someone was drawing water. Her teacher put her hand under the water and spelled the word “water” at the same time in her other hand. Suddenly, Helen felt an understanding. She knew then that “water” was the wonderful cool something flowing over her hand. That living word awakened her spirit, gave it light, hope, fun and set it free! 1. How was the girl different from other children？ A. She didnt know how to play games. B. She was angry all the time. C. She couldnt speak. D. She was deaf and blind. 2. Helen learnt new words when _. A. she went to the well B. Miss. Sullivan spelled them on her hand C. the teacher gave her a doll D. she knew the difference between two words 3. What can the reader learn from the passage？ A. How to spell different words and understand their meanings. B. The way to feel sorry for doing something wrong. C. The idea of how to describe things and make them feel real. D. When someone is drawing water, we should go to feel it. 参考答案13、DBC阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。We discuss the issue of when to help a patient die. Doctors of our generation are not newcomers to this question. Going back to my internship（实习）days, I can remember many patients in pain, sometimes in coma(昏迷), with late, hopeless cancer. For many of them, we wrote an order for heavy medicationmorphine(吗啡)by the clock. This was not talked about openly and little was written about it. It was essential, not controversial.The best way to bring the problem into focus is to describe two patients whom I cared for. The first, formerly a nurse, had an automobile accident. A few days later her lungs seemed to fill up; her heart developed dangerous rhythm disturbances. So there she was: in coma, on a breathing machine, her heartbeat maintained with an electrical device. One day after rounds, my secretary said the husband and son of the patient wanted to see me. They told me their wife and mother was obviously going to die; she was a nurse and had told her family that she never wanted this kind of terrible death, being maintained by machines. I told them that while I respected their view, there was nothing deadly about her situation. The kidney(肾) failure she had was just the kind for which the artificial kidney was most effective. While possibly a bit reassured, they were disappointed. Here was the head surgeon seemingly determined to keep everybody alive, no matter what.Within a few days the patients pacemaker(起搏器) could be removed and she awoke from her coma. About six months later, the door of my office opened and in walked a gloriously fit woman. After some cheery words of appreciation, the father and son asked to speak to me alone. As soon as the door closed, both men became quite tearful. All that came out was, We want you to know how wrong we were.The second patient was an 85-year-old lady whose hair caught fire while she was smoking. She arrived with a deep burn; I knew it would surely be deadly. As a remarkable coincidence there was a meeting for discussion going on at the time in medical ethics(道德). The speaker asked me if I had any sort of ethical problem I could bring up for discussion. I described the case and asked the students their opinion. After the discussion, I made a remark that was, when looking back, a serious mistake. I said, Ill take the word back to the nurses about her and we will talk about it some more before we decide. The instructor and the students were shocked: You mean this is a real patient? The teacher of ethics was not accustomed to being challenged by actuality. In any event, I went back and met with the nurses. A day or two later, when she was making no progress and was suffering terribly, we began to back off treatment. Soon she died quietly and not in pain. As a reasonable physician, you had better move ahead and do what you would want done for you. And dont discuss it with the world first. There is a lesson here for everybody. Assisting people to leave this life requires strong judgment and long experience to avoid its misuse.10. In the early days when a patient had got a deadly, hopeless illness, _.A. doctors used to ask the patient to go back home and wait for deathB. doctors would write all their treatment plan on the patients medical recordC. doctors would talk about their treatment plan openlyD. usually doctors would inject more morphine into the patient to end his life11. The first patients husband and son wanted the doctor_.A. to end her lifeB. to save her lifeC. to operate on her at onceD. to use an artificial kidney12. In the second paragraph, why were they disappointed?A. Their wife and mother was going to die. B. They doctor didnt do as they asked to.C. Their wife and mother had to receive a kidney transplant.D. The doctor scolded them for their cruelty 13. At the meeting, the author discussed with the students_.A. how to help patients end their livesB. the importance of mercy killingC. the relationship between mercy killing and ethicsD. the case about an old lady 14. The author suggested that doctors_ before they assist a patient in killing himself.A. discuss it with the others firstB. make sure there is no other choice left C. be required to do so first by the patientD. give the patient enough morphine 15.Which of the following can best describe the author?KA. Cruel. B. Determined. C. Experienced. D. Considerate. 参考答案 10-15 DABDBC阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 “Soon, youre going to move it out!” cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood.One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door.Roses require a good deal of care, and if it werent for the pleasure they give, it wouldnt be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. bushes must be pruned (剪枝) in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake.Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing (施肥) have turned the little plant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves.Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold：First, I have to find the red ones among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw (缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June. But they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.Here I am faced with a painful small decision: To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, Ill think about that tomorrow. 5. What are the requirements for the healthy growth of rose?A. A lot of care and the right soil. B. Frequent pruning and fertilizing.C. Tomato plants grown alongside. D. Cages placed around the roots.6. The writer planted the tomato because _. A. it cost only $1.25 B. the soil was just right for itC. there was room for it in the garden D. the roses branches needed to be covered 7. This year the writers roses were _.A. removed from the rose bed B. picked along with the tomatoesC. mostly damaged by too much sunlight D. largely hidden under the tomato plant8. By saying “the prize so dearly won” in paragraph 5, the writer wants to _.A. show the difficulty in picking the tomatoes B. show the hardship of growing the rosesC. express her liking for the roses D. express her care for the tomatoes参考答案B) ACDA
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