资源描述
Period ThreeGrammar，Speaking & Writing1.ought to的用法(1)表示责任和义务，意为“应该”，与should同义。You ought to be more careful when you cross the road next time.下次过马路时，你应该更小心些。考点警示ought to的否定形式为ought not to(oughtnt to)，一般疑问形式是将ought提至句首，其否定答语通常用dont have to或neednt。Ought he to see the doctor?Yes，he ought to./No，he doesnt have to.他该去看医生吗？是的，他该去。/不，他不必去。You ought not to make this kind of mistake again.你不应该再犯这种错误了。(2)表示可能性，一般指较大的可能性，意为“按道理应该”。If he started at six，he ought to be here now.要是他六点就出发的话，这会儿该到这里了。即时跟踪1用ought的正确形式完成句子(1)你不该责备他。You oughtnt/ought not to scold him.(2)我明天该动身吗？是的，你应该。Ought I to leave tomorrow?Yes，you ought (to).2.have to的用法have to 意为“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式和疑问形式需要借助于助动词do。It was raining outside；we had to stay at home.外面下雨了，我们不得不待在家里。考点警示have to，must(1)两者都可意为“必须，应该”，但 have to 表示客观的需要，而 must 表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要。(2)have to 有人称、数和时态的变化，而 must 只有一种形式。 He had to look after his sister yesterday.昨天他不得不照顾他的妹妹。(3)在否定结构中，dont have to 表示“不必”；mustnt 表示“禁止，不许”。You dont have to tell him about it.你不必把此事告诉他。(4)在回答 must 的一般疑问句时，肯定式常用 must，表示 “必须”，否定式常用 need not (neednt)或 dont have to，表示“不必”。 即时跟踪2完成句子(每空1词)(1)他没有钱，只好放弃这个计划。He has no money，so he had to give up this plan.(2)你千万不能告诉他这个秘密。You mustnt tell him the secret.(3)我们必须今天下午交作业吗？不， 你不必。Must we hand in our homework this afternoon?No，you dont have to.3.need的用法(1)need作情态动词时，后跟动词原形，表示“需要，有必要”，无人称和数的变化，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。You neednt go there now.你现在不必去那儿。Need I go there now？我现在需要去那儿吗？考点警示由need引导的一般疑问句的肯定回答常用must或have to，否定回答常用neednt。Need I hand in my paper now?Yes，you must./No，you neednt.我现在需要交上论文吗？是的，你必须。/不，你不需要。(2)作为实义动词，同其他实义动词一样，可用于各种句式，有时态、人称和数的变化，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do。You need to be careful.你得小心些。You dont need to be so worried.你不必如此担心。考点警示当need作实义动词“需要”讲时，其后跟不定式的被动形式，相当于跟v.ing的主动形式，在这一点上，与want和require作“需要”讲时用法一样。The house needs/wants/requires repairing/to be repaired.这所房子需要修葺。即时跟踪3一句多译(每空1词)这里相当暖和，我们还没有必要打开暖气。(1)Its quite warm here；we neednt turn the heating on yet.(2)Its quite warm here；we dont need to turn the heating on yet.4.dare的用法(1)dare既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。作情态动词时多用于疑问句、否定句、条件状语从句以及表示怀疑的名词性从句中，表示“敢”。I dare not walk through the woods at night.夜间我不敢在小树林里走。(2)dare作实义动词时，在否定句中不定式符号to也可以省略。The children dont dare (to) make a sound while their parents are sleeping.孩子们在父母睡觉时不敢弄出一点声音。即时跟踪4(1)完成句子(每空一词)你怎么敢那样说？How dare you say that?她不敢在晚上出去。She dared not go out at night.(2)单句改错She darent to tell her boss because she doesnt want to make trouble.5.“情态动词have done”结构的用法(1)must have done表示对过去发生事情所作出的合理或确有把握的推测，意为“想必/准是/一定”，只用于肯定句中，在否定句或疑问句中通常被can not/canthave done代替。From what you said，she must have told you all about it.从你所说的来看，她一定把一切都告诉你了。(2)can have done一般用于疑问句或否定句中，用于表示对过去所发生事情的推测。could have done用于肯定句时，表示“可能已经做过某事”或“本有能力做某事而未做”。Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing，for I saw him in the library just now.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆看见他了。(3)should (ought to) have done表示“过去本应该做某事而(实际上)没有做”，含有责备或遗憾的语气；其否定形式表示某种行为不该发生却发生了。You should have done more exercise before.以前你应该多进行锻炼的。(4)need have done表示“本需要做而实际未做”；neednt have done表示“本不必做某事而实际做了”。You need have done it instead of him yesterday.昨天你本需要代替他做那件事的。(5)may/might have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测，意思是“也许已经做了某事，可能已经做了某事”，多用在肯定句中，用might时表示语气更加不肯定。You might have read about it in the papers.你可能已经在报上看过这个消息了。即时跟踪5完成句子(每空1词)(1)我从未玩得更开心过这是完美的一天。I couldnt have enjoyed myself moreit was a perfect day.(2)他们本应该在午饭时间就到达的，但是他们的航班被耽搁了。They should have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.(3)迈克本来不必那么匆忙的。全速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。Mike neednt have hurried.After driving at top speed，he arrived half an hour early.用适当的情态动词填空 1.George cant have gone too far.His coffee is still warm.(2016浙江，17)2.I love the weekend，because I neednt get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.(2016北京，31)3.I neednt have worried before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me.(2015天津)4.Sorry，Mum! I failed the job interview again.Oh，its too bad.You should have made full preparations.(2015福建)5.My book，The House of Hades，is missing.Who could have taken it？(2014陕西) 6.Since nobody gave him any help，he must have done the research on his own.(2013新课标全国) Suggestions and advice & Agreement and disagreement1.建议和劝告(Suggestions and advice)(1)Lets.让我们吧。(2)You must/mustnt.你一定/千万不要(3)I suppose youd better.我认为你最好(4)Perhaps you should.也许你应该(5)What/How about.？怎么样？(6)I would strongly advise you to.我强烈建议你(7)My advice is/would be.我的建议是(8)I suggest that you.我建议你2.对建议或劝告同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement)(1)Thats a good idea.好主意。(2)No problem.没问题。(3)I couldnt agree more.我很赞同。(4)Im afraid I dont agree.恐怕我不同意。(5)I dont think so.我不这么认为。即时跟踪语法填空Jonny：Hey！Im just practicing Tai Chi(太极).Would you like to join me?Peter：I know nothing about it.Is it difficult?Jonny：It seems easy，but you need a lot of practice.You just follow me like this.Peter：OK.Dont laugh 1.at me.I may look funny.Jonny：Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches，naturally and 2.softly (soft).Try to keep your body straight.Move slowly，and then be sure to keep your balance and dont let your body shake.Peter：I cannot control my body well.My legs become 3.painful (pain).Jonny：Keep 4.holding (hold) your position for a while.It helps develop your strength and flexibility.Raise your leg and let 5.it stay in the air for seconds.Peter：I feel my legs shaking.I cannot do this any longer.Jonny：Be patient！Tai Chi 6.is called (call) “shadow boxing” in English.It asks you to act like water：to be flexible as well 7.as strong.In real competition，a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back.The 8.harder (hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you!Peter：Unbelievable！Oh.,9.if you dont mind，Ill stop and take 10.a deep breath.文体指导广告是说明文的一种，是为了某一特定的需要，通过一定形式向公众传递信息的手段。一则完整的广告通常包括标题、正文、广告语，有时还包括插图说明等。1.标题：广告标题不但要传递广告的主要信息，而且要有效吸引读者的注意力。2.正文：(1)针对产品的名称、性能、功效、价格等进行符合客观事实的描述，增强说服力并富有情感性，重点是突出对产品特点和亮点的介绍。(2)掌握消费者的心理需求，了解市场态势，以重点突出、简明易懂、生动有趣、具有号召力的语言进行传播，以便促成读者的购买行为。(3)说明销售地址或联系方式。3.广告语：优秀的广告语往往能够为产品销售鸣锣开道，唤起读者注意，引发读者欲望，促成读者购买。常用句式1.Would you like to.?2.The best service is guaranteed.3.Welcome to.4.This kind of.is of good quality.5.It is convenient to carry，for it is small and light.6.Once you have one of this kind，youll enjoy it very much.7.There are many kinds of food served in the restaurant，which are very delicious.8.At the same time，all the foods look nice and smell good.9.Whats more，the prices of them are very reasonable.10.The owner as well as the waiters is very friendly and kind，and they will make you feel at home.写作任务请根据提示为王鹏和雍慧的餐馆写一则广告。1.环境优美；2.食物可口；3.服务周到。注意：1.为使行文连贯，可适当发挥；2.词数100左右。审题谋篇第一步明确要求本文为广告文体，为王鹏和雍慧的餐馆在环境、食物和服务态度诸方面做广告。第二步确定段落本文可分为三段：Para.1：引起注意Para.2：介绍餐馆(环境、食物、服务)Para.3：落款第三步词汇热身1.减肥lose weight2.均衡的饮食a balanced diet3.提供某物给某人provide sb.with sth.4.保持健康keep fit/healthy5.欢迎光临welcome to.第四步句式升级1.欢迎来王鹏和雍慧家的餐馆，这里是平衡饮食的家园。(一般表达)Welcome to Wang Peng and Yong Huis restaurant.It is the home of a balanced diet.(句式升级)Welcome to Wang Peng and Yong Huis restaurant，which is the home of a balanced diet.2.餐馆提供各种各样的食物，富含营养成分和纤维。(一般表达)The restaurant gives you kinds of food.The food is full of energy and fiber.(句式升级)The restaurant provides you with varieties of food full of energy as well as fiber.连句成篇Once Tasted，Never ForgottenDo you want to keep fit？Do you want to lose weight while enjoying proper dinner? Welcome to Wang Peng and Yong Huis restaurant，which is the home of a balanced diet.The restaurant provides you with varieties of food full of energy as well as fiber.Fast food and special dishes are served here.The atmosphere is warm and exciting and you can meet people from the world.Above all，the surroundings are very beautiful，for our restaurant lies by the lakeside with great views.You feel ease as at home when you eat here!Welcome to Wang Peng and Yong Huis restaurant.Telephone number：123456789. .用适当的情态动词或所给词的正确形式填空1.The weather was bad.We had to wait for two hours at the airport before we took off.2.Must we finish the composition in class?No，you neednt/dont have to.3.He is so strong that I dare not fight against him.4.We should have received(receive) the letter yesterday，but it didnt arrive.5.When we got to the cinema，the film hadnt started yet，so we neednt have hurried (hurry).完成句子6.你不必继续工作了，你看上去那么累。You dont have to go on working because you look so tired now.7.如果你喜欢炸鸡，你不需要放弃。If you love fried chicken，you neednt give it up.8.他看上去很难过。他一定是知道那个消息了。He looked very sad.He must have known the news.9.我们的彩色电视还很好，你本不必买新的。Our TV set is still good enough.You neednt have bought a new one.10.门是锁着的， 所以她不可能在家。The door was locked，so she couldnt have been at home.阅读理解AWhy are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods? One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation(积累) in your body.Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods.When we cook foods，we destroy the natural enzymes (酶) that are part of the food in its raw form.These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food.When we consume food without these natural enzymes，our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream.In both instances，the result is obesity(肥胖).When too many nutrients are absorbed at once，the body grows fat.Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract(消化道)，where it becomes increasingly acidic.To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste，the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs.Processed foods contain chemical elements，which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when weve had enough to eat; as a result，people often overeat.Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle.The body will either identify these foods as allergens(过敏原) and then store them safely away from the organs as fat，or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste，which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the bodys cells.The bodys metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive，and the result is weight gain and obesity.The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient.When that happens，even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common.To stop this vicious circle in its tracks，people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize(中和) the acid already accumulated in body.Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help.Its also important to restore your enzyme balance.You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production.If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself，you need to take an active approach.11.It can be inferred from Para.2 that .A.wed better be cautious about raw and whole foodsB.foods with natural enzymes help people keep fitC.it is essential for people to protect their vital organsD.giving up cooked and refined foods is a new lifestyle答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“When we cook foods，we destroy the natural enzymes (酶) that are part of the food in its raw form.These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food.” 可知，有天然酶的食物可以有助于消化，从而让人们保持健康。故选B。12.Processed foods are unhealthy because they .A.destroy bodys cellsB.are difficult to digestC.may lead to obesityD.stop bodys metabolism答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，加工过的食物会使人经常吃得过多并且会扰乱消化循环，从而导致肥胖。故选C。13.What is the main purpose of this passage?A.To warn people of the problem of obesity.B.To inform people of the harm of processed foods.C.To advocate eating more raw and whole foods.D.To tell the differences between raw and processed foods.答案C解析主旨大意题。文章主要介绍未加工的整的食品的好处和加工过的食品对我们健康的害处，也就是提倡吃更多的未加工的整的食物。故选C。14.What is likely to be talked about following the last paragraph?A.Different causes of acid accumulation.B.Correct ways to cook raw foods.C.Active approaches to avoid acid.D.Suitable types of raw and whole foods.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help.”可知，接下来作者会介绍适当的未加工食品的种类。故选D。BAlmost every machine with moving parts has wheels，yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for.We do know，however，that they existed over 5,500 years ago in ancient Asia.The oldest known transport wheel was discovered in 2002 in Slovenia.It is over 5,100 years old.Evidence suggests that wheels for transport didnt become popular for a while，though.This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.But it could also be because of a difficult situation.While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces(光滑表面)，roads with smooth surfaces werent going to be built until there was plenty of demand for them.Finally，road surfaces did become smoother，but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later.There had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.In the mid1700s，a Frenchman came up with a new design of roada base layer (层) of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones.A Scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong，lasting road surface became a reality.At around the same lime，metal hubs (the central part of a wheel) came into being，followed by the pneumatic tyre(充气轮胎) in 1846.Alloy(合金) wheels were invented in 1967，sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads (柏油路).As wheel design took off，vehicles got faster and faster.15.What might explain why transport wheels didnt become popular for some time?A.Few knew how to use transport wheels.B.Humans carried farming tools just as well.C.Animals were a good means of transport.D.The existence(存在)of transport wheels was not known.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“This could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.”可知，动物们能够很好地运送农耕工具，充当人们的出行工具，因此很长一段时间内交通工具的轮胎不受欢迎。故选C。16.How is the last paragraph mainly developed?A.By giving examples.B.By making comparisons.C.By giving discussion.D.By making classifications(分类).答案A解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知，作者通过一个法国人和一个苏格兰人的发明为例讲述了轮胎改进的历史。故选A。17.What is the passage mainly about?A.The beginning of road design.B.The development of transport wheels.C.The history of public transport.D.The invention of fastmoving vehicles.答案B解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段和第二段讲述了轮胎的起源，第三段和第四段讲述了轮胎的发展和改进的历史，由此可知这篇文章主要讲述交通工具的轮胎的发展史。故选B。.语法填空Interviewer：May I ask you a few questions，sir?Jack：Of course you can.Interviewer：Thank you，sir.First of all，have you ever been here?Jack：No.This is the first time I 18.have come(come) to India.Interviewer：Oh.What do you find most impressive about India?Jack：The air is so hot and it is unlike anything 19.that I have experienced.Interviewer：Were you pleased with the service at the airport?Jack：Not 20.really(real).After we entered the airport I had been waiting for several hours，and I 21.was checked(check) strictly.Interviewer：What else have you noticed?Jack：At first,22.it was strange to see so many people dressed in white.Then I remember the fact 23.that people wear the same type of dress in this country，so they are Muslims，judging 24.from their hats.Interviewer：Youre right.Their clothes are typical(典型的).Jack：Whats more，as I continued across the lobby(大厅)，I felt many eyes watching me.Hurriedly，I checked my 25.appearance(appear).Nothing felt out of the ordinary.I had no idea 26.why everyone was staring at me.Then I realized my big mistake because I was wearing shorts in a country 27.where girls do not dress according to the weather.Interviewer：Yes.Thank you for accepting our interview.I hope you have a good trip.Jack：My pleasure.短文改错Kate was always unhappy about her figure，but she didnt know how to lose the weight.One day，she went to consulting a doctor.The doctor advised her to have a balancing diet and exercise more.So her parents were both busy earning their living and couldnt provide Kate a healthy diet.She often ate fast food who contained too much fat.She knew she ought to eat more vegetables and fruit that were good for her healthy.Luckily，two weeks late，with the help of the doctor，Kate had become thinner.He was very happy and became more confidence about herself.答案Kate was always unhappy about her figure，but she didnt know how to lose the weight.One day，she went to a doctor.The doctor advised her to have a diet and exercise more. her parents were both busy earning their living and couldnt provide Kate a healthy diet.She often ate fast food contained too much fat.She knew she ought to eat more vegetables and fruit that were good for her .Luckily，two weeks ，with the help of the doctor，Kate had become thinner. was very happy and became more about herself.书面表达请根据以下内容为日照渔村的家庭旅馆(household hotels)写一则广告。词数100左右。价格单人间20元/天；双人间30元/天；餐费20元/人/天饮食和住户一起吃中餐；可点菜，也可以自己做饭活动海水浴、游泳、登山，不付工资的温室劳动补充近距离了解中国，还可以感受到家庭的气氛24小时垂询电话：063352529980参考范文Welcome to fishermens household hotels in Rizhao.The household hotel is nice to stay in.Not only can you learn about China clearly，but you can also feel at home as well by dining with the family for only 20 yuan a day.Of course you can cook by yourself if the menu doesnt meet your need.It is really cheap to live in a single room for 20 yuan a day and a double room for 30 yuan each.You can bathe and swim in the sea，climb the hill and do unpaid jobs in the greenhouse if youd like to.For more information，please call 063352529980 at any time.
展开阅读全文