江苏专版2017高考英语二轮复习与策略专题限时集训16细节理解题一

专题限时集训(十六)细节理解题(一)A(2016苏北四市摸底考试)An oral drug，named ERDRP0519，was invented.It is specifically designed to protect people who got infected measles(麻疹) from spreading the virus to others.Like the flu，measles spreads through the air by breathing，coughing or sneezing. There is typically a time，about two weeks，between becoming infected with the virus and the beginning of symptoms like skin rash(皮疹)，runny nose，heavy cough and high fever.“This therapy application determines the desired characteristics of the drug，which are orally available, costeffective manufacture and high stability，” Richard Klemperer，professor of Georgia State University，told reporters last Wednesday.“With these criteria in mind，we have developed a small drug that blocks the measles virus over the past years，which is essential for copy of the virus.”The researchers tested the drug in rats infected with canine distemper virus(犬瘟病)，which is a close relative of measles virus.They found that all of the infected rats treated with the drug survived the deadly infection，showed no clinical signs of disease and developed a strong protective immune response.“The drug could be used to treat friends，family and other social contacts of a person infected with measles virus，which have not developed symptoms yet but are at risk of having caught the disease，” Klemperer said truthfully.“The emergence of strong antiviral immunity (抗病毒免疫力)in treated animals is particularly encouraging，since it suggests that the drug may not only save an infected individual from disease but contribute to closing measles immunity gaps in a population，”Klemperer said.The researchers emphasized the drug is not intended as a substitute for vaccination，but as an additional weapon to get rid of the measles.They planned to test the drugs safety in larger animals，before moving into clinical trials in humans.“If our next series of studies confirms that the human situation mirrors what we have seen in rats，then this drug may make a major contribution to getting rid of measles by preventing local outbreaks，” Klemperer said.Despite the existence of an effective vaccine，annual measles deaths worldwide have remained constant at around 150，000 since 2007. The reasons for this are the highly infectious nature of the virus，in the developing world largely due to issues of resources，and in many developed countries in particular in the European region due to parental concerns regarding vaccination safety.本文是一篇新闻报道类阅读理解。文章介绍了一种用于预防麻疹病毒传播的新药。1If a boy got infected by measles virus，he might NOT show the symptom like _Arunny noseBbad coughChigh feverDsick stomachD细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，麻疹的症状包括流鼻涕、咳嗽和高烧，而不包括胃疼。故选D。2From what Klemperer said，we know that the drug _Ais only intended as a substitute for vaccinationBcan only save those infected individuals from diseaseCis costeffective and high stability for curing measlesDhas the same effect on human as on larger animalsC细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知，C项正确。3The best title of the passage is“_”AThe Introduction of a New Oral DrugBThe Desired Characteristics of DrugsCThe Common Symptoms of Getting MeaslesDThe Application of Postexposure TherapyA主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种名叫ERDRP0519的新药，这种药主要用于防止麻疹病毒传染。因此选A。B(2016石家庄市调研检测)During the two and a half years since I settled down in Germany，Ive caught a cold several times and gotten to experience how different German cold remedies (疗法) are from the Chinese ones.Back in Taiwan，whenever I had a streaming nose and a dry throat，Id rush to the hospital to get prescribed medicine.For a fever，I would receive a red pill，which I now know is a type of antibiotic (抗生素)Another thing I know now is that the criminal behind my cold is a virus.The drugs I used only relieved the symptoms.When I went to a German hospital intending to get some medicine to treat my cold，I got nothing more than a pat on my shoulder and words from the doctor，saying that I should get some really good rest.The first time this happened，I was shocked.I wondered how I could put up with my sickness without the help of medicine.But the longer I stayed in Germany，the better I knew how to selfmedicate as other Germans do.I learned to take vitamin C to build up my resistance.But what I like the most is drinking “Erkltungstee”For German people，Erkltungstee is what their grandmother gives them when they catch a cold.Its a tea bag mainly made of lime flower and orange rind.Another popular cold remedy in Germany is chicken soup.During my first winter in Germany，I got a really bad cold.My neighbor brought me a bowl of chicken soup to make me feel better.It contained a lot of ginger，onion，garlic，carrots and celery.Germans believe these ingredients are perfect for helping your body recover.本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在德国是如何应对感冒的故事。4How did the author feel after seeing the German doctor?ARelieved.BSurprised.CSatisfied.DStressed.B细节理解题。根据第三段的“The first time this happened，I was shocked.”可知，作者第一次在德国看医生时，医生的应对方式让他很震惊。5According to the author，what effect do antibiotics have on his cold?AThey cure his cold.BThey prevent the disease.CThey kill the virus in him.DThey make him feel better.D推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句“The drugs I used only relieved the symptoms.”可推知，作者之前生病时所吃的抗生素只是缓解了感冒的症状，让他自己感觉好一些而已。6What do Germans think of “Erkltungstee”？AIt can replace any cold remedy.BIt can build up ones resistance.CIts a good way to selfmedicate.DIts better than chicken soup.C细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“But the longer I stayed in Germany，the better I knew how to selfmedicate as other Germans do.”并结合最后一段所列举的Erkltungstee的例子可知，它是一种自我疗法。7What can we infer from the text?AGermans tend not to use antibiotics to treat a cold.BThe author often catches a cold in Taiwan.CThe author seldom drinks chicken soup.DGerman doctors are cold to patients.A推理判断题。根据第三段和最后一段内容可知，德国人感冒后医生是不给开药的，而且德国人有自我疗法。由此可推知，德国人不会一感冒了就去吃抗生素。 【导学号：57732054】C(2016西安市教学质量检测)Cheerleading(拉拉队) dates back to the late 19th century，when crowds began to chant and yell to encourage their teams.Credit for the first organized cheer was given to a University of Minnesota student named Johnny Campbell，who got the students to shout “Rah，rah，rah! Skuumar，Hoorah! Hoorah! Varsity! Varsity! Varsity，Minnesota！” for their football team in the 1898 season.Soon after，a yellleader group of six male students was organized，a practice that became popular at numerous other universities.For the first few decades of its history cheerleading was an allmale activity，but by the 1920s，women began to take part in the activity as well.Nowadays more than 90% of Americas cheerleading participants are female.In 1948，Lawrence Herkimer，a former Southern Methodist University cheerleader formed the National Cheerleaders Association (NCA)Herkimer is credited with creating many of cheerleadings fundamental moves.Cheerleading remained in its supporting role until the 1980s，when cheerleading competitions，organized by the National Cheerleaders Association and other groups，started to grow in popularity.For the first time，teams got off the sidelines and took centre stage，competing with teams from all over the US.Today cheerleaders can be found at almost any kind of sporting event，including the Olympics and the Cricket World Cup.The sport has spread from the US.to many other countries，like Mexico.本文是说明文。简单介绍了拉拉队的发展历史。8Which of the following is TRUE to the first organized cheer?AIt started in the early 19th century.BIt made crowds around the school chant and yell to encourage their teams.CIt had the students shout certain words for their football team.DIt got a group of six male students to shout for their football team.C细节理解题。第一段第二句提到，第一次有组织的加油助威要归功于明尼苏达大学的学生强尼坎伯，在1898年赛季他让学生(而非学校周围的人或者六个男学生)喊口号为他们的足球队助威，故C项正确，B、D两项错误。此外，再结合第一段的首句可知，拉拉队开始于19世纪晚期，而第一次有组织的加油助威开始于1898年赛季，即19世纪晚期，故A项错误。9At the early years of the cheerleading history _ took part in the activity.Aonly menBonly girlsCboth males and femalesDboth youths and adultsA细节理解题。第二段第一句提到，在拉拉队出现的早期，拉拉队的活动全是男性参加，而到了20世纪20年代才有了女性参加。10After the 1980s，teams of cheerleading _Aplayed their part on the sidelinesBcould play their part on the centre stageCstayed the same as they were beforeDwere completely different from what they were beforeB细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，20世纪80年代之后，拉拉队离开场外区域，进入了场区的中心位置，并且和来自全美的其他队伍竞争。故B项正确。11The best title for this passage may be“_”APeople who started cheerleadingBHow cheerleading was startedCWhat cheerleading meansDA brief history of cheerleadingD主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了拉拉队的发展历史。故D项做文章标题最佳。6