2016-2017学年高中英语Unit3Computers练习试题新人教版必修2

Unit 3Computers【导语】万维网的出现彻底改变了世界，创造了大量的财富并从根本上改变了人们的生活方式。而它的创始人英国计算机科学家蒂姆伯纳斯李对于自己这一成果的现状并不满意。一起去了解一下这位“万维网之父”吧！Most people have never heard of Tim BernersLee.He is not nearly as rich or famous as Marc Andreessen，who is the founder of Netscape，or Bill Gates，whose name has become a wellknown word.BernersLee，who works in a small office at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology，is the creator of the World Wide Web.The creation of the Web is so important that some people compare BernersLee to Johann Gutenberg，who invented printing by movable type(活字)in the fifteenth century.BernersLee was born in England in 1955.His parents，who helped design the worlds first commercially available computer，gave him a great love of mathematics and learning.In 1980，BernersLee went to work at CERN，a physics laboratory in Geneva，Switzerland，where he had a lot of material to learn quickly.He had a poor memory for facts and wanted to find a way to help him keep track of things he couldnt remember.He invented a software programme that allowed him to create a document that had links to other documents.He continued to develop his idea through the 1980s.He wanted to find a way to connect the knowledge and creativity of people all over the world.In 1991，his project became known as the World Wide Web.The number of Internet users started to grow quickly.However，BernersLee is not completely happy with the way the Web has developed.He thinks it has become a passive tool for so many people，not the tool for creativity that he had imagined.【词海拾贝】1creatorn创造者2commercially adv.商业地3track n轨道4software n软件5passive adj.被动的；消极的【问题思考】阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。1Tim BernersLee is the founder of Netscape.()2Tim BernersLee was an Englishman and got a lot of help from his parents.()3The World Wide Web became famous but has not been developed perfectly.()答案：1.F2.T3.T(对应学生用书P27).将单词与其正确释义配对1calculateA简化2universal B完全地；整个地3simplify C普遍的；通用的；宇宙的4logical D真实；事实；现实5technology E人造的；假的6artificial F探索；探测；探究7intelligent G解决；解答8solve H工艺；科技；技术9reality I合逻辑的；合情理的10totally J计算11application K智能的；聪明的12explore L应用；用途；申请答案：1.J2.C3.A4.I5.H6.E7.K8.G9.D10.B11.L12.F.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_n目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分2_v&n.发信号；信号3_v&n.类型；打字4_vi.出现；发生5_adj.电子的答案：1.goal2.signal3.type4.arise5.electronic.根据英语释义写出单词1_：complete change in ways of thinking，working，etc2_： connected computer system3_： anyway4_： able to be moved easily from place to place5_： activity of managing money答案：1.revolution2.network3.anyhow4.mobile5.finance.选用短语的适当形式完成句子from then on；as a result；so.that；go by；in a way；in common；compare.with；with the help of；watch over；deal with1Hardly a day _ when I dont think about her.2_ with many mothers，she feels torn between her family and her work.3We were separated after the film，and _，I never saw her again.4_ our small apartment，our uncles house seemed like a palace.5_，it was one of our biggest mistakes.6She is used to _ all kinds of people in her job.7The construction work has to stop _ of the heavy rain.8All the villagers were moved to safety _ the PLA men.9They took turns to _ the children.10_ fat was he _ he couldnt go through the door.答案：1.goes by2.In common3.from then on4Compared with5.In a way6.dealing with7.as a result8.with the help of9.watch over10.Sothat课文表层理解.判断正(T)误(F)1Although the computer was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes，it could not “think” logically.()2First as a laptop and then as a PC，the computer has been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.()3The computers memory was first stored on transistors，then in tubes and later on very small chips.() 4Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for the computer.()5The use of the computer is to provide humans with a life of high quality.()答案：1.F2.F3.F4.T5.T.读课文，回答问题1In what order is this passage arranged？(within 2 words) In the order of _答案：time2Who is the speaker “I” in the passage? (within 2 words)_答案：A computer.3How do you think this article is written in the first person？(within 20 words)_答案：It can make the article more effective to understand and attract the readers.4Fill in the blank with the words from the second paragraph.(within 5 words)The computers shape was greatly changed _ the memory stored in smaller and smaller space.答案：as a result of5Why do “I” feel very happy now according to the last paragraph？(within 15 words)_答案：Because “I” am a helper and devoted friend of the human race.读课文完成表格答案：1.calculating2.analytical3.cards with holes419365.universal machine6.memory7.laptop8network9.share10.ways课文深层理解 .读课文，完成下列各题1What is the main idea of the passage?The passage is a short _ of the _ of computers.答案：historydevelopment2Find out the key sentence of each paragraph：_答案：Over time I have been changed quite a lot.These changes only became possible as my memory improved.Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.单项选择1What is the oldest calculator in the world?ACalculator. BAbacus. CPC.答案：B2What might you usually use to add many numbers up in an exam?APC. BHuge computer. CCalculator.答案：C3In our daily life，which is widely used to deal with a large amount of information?ARobot. BLaptop. CAbacus.答案：B4What do you think of the future computers?ASmaller and smarter.BLarger and faster.CSmaller but slower.答案：A5If you want to send a long letter to your friend，the best way is _Aby telephone Bby plane Cby email答案：C.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语1I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage._答案：我发展非常缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。2By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room，and I wondered if I would grow any larger._答案：到20世纪40年代，我有一个房间那么大，我想知道我是否会变得更大。3As time went by，I was made smaller._答案：随着时间的推移，我被制作得更小了。4Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me._答案：自从20世纪70年代开始，人们发现了我的许多新用途。5Anyhow，my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality._答案：不管怎样，我的目标是给人们提供高质量的生活。写一篇想象作文一、想象作文的分类想象作文可分为两类：一是写自己的设想、追求、愿望、梦境的习作，这类习作往往与科幻结合在一起。另一类是童话，运用“拟人”手法，把各种动植物、物品想象成“人”，通过有趣的故事，告诉读者某个道理。 二、写好想象作文需做到以下几点1要大胆想象：写想象作文，一定要展开想象的翅膀，大胆想象。2想象要合理：想象是以生活为基础的，因此我们写想象作文，一定要从生活实际出发，展开合理的想象，不能脱离实际。另外，想象要有所节制，要有一定的中心，要为表现文章的中心思想服务。3想象的内容要具体，切忌说空话。4要表达自己的真情实感。想象作文是自己对未来的幻想，饱含着自己对美好生活的热爱和向往。因此，我们在写想象作文时也应该在描写未来的同时表达自己的真情实感。三、典型句式1People will become.in the future.2I think.in the future will be more interesting and wonderful.3What.will look like in the future?4Have you ever thought about.in the next 30 or 50 years?5We can imagine that.6In addition，there will be super computers or robots which can help us do.7Great changes will take place in the future.8I believe my dream will come true some day.9I believe this day will come true.你校举行科技节，有一项发明很吸引外来参观者的眼球，你作为发明者向参观者介绍你的发明(护理机器人)，请按以下表格内容介绍。写作要求1文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；2词数100左右；3注意：开头和结尾已给出(不计入总词数)。【写作要点】本文为一篇介绍机器人的想象性作文，属于说明文，介绍机器人的功能时应该条理清楚、用词准确。常用搭配：help do sth帮助做某事；respond to simple spoken commands回应简单的口头指令；as soon as possible/as soon as sb can尽可能快地。【范文点评】范文点评Ladies_and_gentlemen，Id like to introduce you something about my recent inventiona robot，whose_name_is_RIBAI designed_the_robot_to_look like a friendly bear，since_an_android_would_scare_the_patientsNowadays，many hospitals have been having_trouble_finding nurses and the population grows old，so I hope robots will help_(to)_solve the problem.RIBA can not only help carry the patients from the chair to the bed，but also respond_to simple spoken commands and recognize coworkers.I hope my invention will be introduced to hospitals as_soon_as_possibleThank_you.本文结构清晰，用词准确，行文连贯紧凑。一些短语、复合句等的使用使文章语言丰富，更具有可读性，如whose引导的非限制性定语从句，design sth to do sth，since引导的原因状语从句，have trouble doing sth，help (to) do sth，respond to，as soon as possible等最近，某英语报纸正在组织一次英语征文活动，邀请读者围绕“Science and technology is changing our life greatly”这个话题，谈谈科学技术给我们的日常生活带来的变化。请你根据图片中的提示写一篇英语短文应征，谈谈你家三代人购物生活的变化，并畅想未来的购物方式。注意：词数100左右。参考词汇：供销社Supply and Marketing Cooperative_答案：With the development of science and technology，our way of life has been changing all the time.My grandmother told me she usually covered a long distance to a small shop called the Supply and Marketing Cooperative in town to buy goods.Later，supermarkets have been opened in our town，so my mother would like to go shopping in a supermarket near my house because it is very convenient.In recent years，online shopping has become popular.Many young people like me prefer to buy what we like in front of the computer because it can save us time and labour.I think，in the future，we can depend on our robot servants to do shopping by telling them what we want to buy.语法填空在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1With everything he had missing，he was _ (total) hopeless and killed himself.2. _ (person)，I think the best present is not necessarily the most expensive one.3This is another kind of beauty that has nothing to do with _ (appear)，but comes from the heart.4So many people around the world are learning or using English，so it is considered as a _ (universe) language.5Her car broke down on her way to the park；as _ result，she had to ask someone to repair it.6After _，meeting strangers means seeing the unknown，which naturally makes one feel uncomfortable.7I dont know how to deal _ such a situation.8_ the day went on，the weather got worse.9This is so difficult a problem _ few students can answer it.10In the last few years thousands of films _ (produce)all over the world.答案：1.totally2.Personally3.appearance4.universal5.a6.all7.with8.As9.that10.have been produced.完成句子1_ (无论我什么时候看到他)，he is reading.2He found it difficult to read now，_ (因为他的视力正开始下降)3Work hard _ (当你年轻时)，or youll regret.4Write down what the teacher says in class _ forget it(在你未忘记之前)5_ (随着你长大)，youll know better about yourself.答案：1.Whenever I see him2.for his eyesight was beginning to fail3.when (you are) young4.before you5.As you grow older.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。The most frightening words in the English language are “Our computer is down.”You hear it more and more when you are on business.The other day I was at the airport waiting for a ticket to Washington and the girl in the ticket office said，“Im sorry，I cant sell you a ticket.Our computer is down.”“If your computer is down，just write me out a ticket.”“I cant write you out a ticket.The computer is the only one allowed to do so.”I looked down on the computer and every passenger was just standing there drinking coffee and staring at the black screen.Then I asked her，“What do all you people do？”“We give the computer the information about your trip，and then it tells us whether you can fly with us or not.”“So when it goes down，you go down with it.”“Thats right，sir.”“How long will the computer be down？”I wanted to know.“I have no idea.Sometimes its down for 10 minutes，sometimes for two hours.There is no way we can find out without asking the computer，and since its down，it wont answer us.”After the girl told me they had no backup(后备的)computer，I said.“Lets forget the computer.What about your planes？Theyre still flying，arent they？”“I couldnt tell without asking the computer.”“Maybe I could just go to the gate and ask the pilot if hes flying to Washington.”I suggested.“I wouldnt know which gate to send you to.Even if the pilot was going to Washington，he couldnt take you if you didnt have a ticket.”“Is there any other airline flying to Washington within the next few hours？”“I wouldnt know，” she said，pointing at the dark screen.“Only it knows.It cant tell me.”By this time there were quite a few people standing in line，the words soon spread to other travellers that the computer was down.Some people went white，some people started to cry and still others kicked their luggage.【语篇解读】文章用诙谐的语气告诉读者，当航空公司的电脑出现了故障的时候，售票员小姐就成了摆设。1The best title of the article is _AAsking the computerBThe computer of the airportCThe most frighten wordsDWhen the computer is down解析：主旨大意题。第一段第一句话就概括了大意。答案：D2What could the girl in the ticket office do for the passengers without asking the computer?AShe could answer the passengers questions.BShe could do nothing.CShe could sell a ticket.DShe could write out a ticket.解析：细节理解题。根据对话“So when it goes down，you go down with it.Thats right，sir.”可知答案。答案：B3It can be inferred from the passage that they had no backup computer because _Ait was easily downBit was not advanced enoughCit was not as big as the main computerDit was very expensive解析：推理判断题。比较各选项和根据生活常识可知答案。答案：D4The last paragraph suggests that _Aa modern computer wont be downBcomputers can take the place of humansCsometimes a computer may bring suffering to peopleDthere will be great changes in computer解析：主旨大意题。根据倒数第一段最后一句话可知答案。答案：C.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to make friendsFriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends._1_ It offers companionship，improves selfworth and promotes good health.There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town，or changed our jobs or schools.Such changes often leave us without a friend.Making new friends is easy for some people，but it is difficult for many others.Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends._2_The first step to make friends is associating with other people.You can go to public places to meet new people.Besides，you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.Start a conversationStarting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends._3_ You can always start the conversation.Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people._4_Choosing friends with common interests and doing things together is important in building friendship.These interests would always bring you and your friend together.Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience of doing things together.Let it growIt is a good thing to stay in touch.However，dont give your new friend too many calls，messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out.So you need to give your friend time to react to you.The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.Enjoy your friendshipThe best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves._5_ Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.Become this kind of friend，you may make your friend unhappy and lose your friendship in a near future.ATo be cheerfulBDo things togetherCDo not wait to be spoken to.DTry not to find fault(缺点)with your friends.EGood friendship has many benefits.FFor a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.GAssociate with others答案：1.E2.G3.C4.B5.D.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ricky didnt help much around the house，so his parents bought him a butler(管家)robot.As soon as it arrived，off it went，cooking，cleaning，and _1_ dirty clothes from Rickys bedroom _2_On that first day，when Ricky went to sleep，he had left his bedroom in a _3_When he woke up the next morning，_4_ was perfectly clean and tidy.But now Ricky couldnt _5_ his favourite Tshirt，nor his favourite toy.However much he searched，the two items didnt _6_，and the same was starting to happen with other things._7_ the butler robot，Ricky thought of a plan to _8_ on it，and finally caught it redhanded(正在作案的)，picking up one of his toys to “_9_” it.He told his parents that the butler was _10_ and asked them to have it _11_But his parents didnt believe him at all for they were _12_ with the butler for its good service.Ricky kept on telling them how much good stuff the butler was hiding，until one day the butler heard the boys _13_Then it returned some of the boys toys and clothes to him.“Here，sir.I did not know it was _14_ you，”said the butler.“How could it not，you thief？！Youve been stealing my stuff for weeks！”the boy answered _15_“The objects were left on the floor；_16_ I thought that you did not like them.I am programmed to collect all that is not _17_，and at night I send them to those who can use them.Im a highly efficient machine，”the butler said.Ricky started feeling _18_Since then，Ricky decided to put real _19_ into how he treated his things.He also often bought things and took them to help out those who are _20_ along with his good friend，the butler of course.【语篇解读】本文讲述了管家机器人帮助小朋友瑞奇改掉乱扔东西的坏毛病的故事。1A.tearing up Bgathering upCdressing up Dsewing up解析：根据上文瑞奇的父母给他买了一个管家机器人，“这个机器人一到家就去做饭，搞清洁”，所以此处应是指机器人把瑞奇的脏衣服收拾起来去洗。gather up“收拾起来”；tear up“撕毁”；dress up“化妆；打扮”；sew up“缝合”。答案：B2A.doorway BfurnitureCwindow Dfloor解析：根据上文的描述可知，小孩子的脏衣服一般应是在地板上。故选floor。答案：D3A.mess BrowCway Dmoment解析：根据下文的clean和tidy“干净；整洁”，可知瑞奇睡觉时的房间很乱。in a mess“乱的”；in a row“ 成一行”；in a way“在某种程度上”；in a moment“立刻；马上”。答案：A4A.something BanythingCeverything Dnothing解析：根据上文可知父母给瑞奇买了一个会做家务的机器人，可见第二天当瑞奇醒来时，他发现一切都很干净。机器人帮他做了清洁整理工作。答案：C5A.buy BwashCtry Dfind解析：根据下文的search一词可知瑞奇找不到他的T恤和心爱的玩具了。答案：D6A.respond BappearCcome Dfunction解析：不管他怎么找，这两样东西就是不出现(找不到)。appear“出现”