高考英语一轮复习 暑假阅读理解基础题（五）1

河南浚县2017高考英语暑假阅读理解基础题（五）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。Something that has always interested me about Abraham Lincoln is, not surprisingly, his sense of humor. As far as I can tell, hes the first American President to have one. Thats because the term“sense of humor”really wasnt in common usage until the eighteen sixties and seventies. In the eighteen forties and fifties, it was called“the sense of the ridiculous”, and didnt have the positive connotations(隐含意义)that“sense of humor”has today. Back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule(讥笑). Funniness and cruelty went hand in hand. Of course, they still do a lot of arm-in-arm walking in our day as well. Lincolns humor was very different because, for one thing, it was actually“humor”as what the word meant in his time. We dont make the distinction between“wit(风趣)”and“humor”anymore; but in the nineteenth century people did. Wit was unpleasant and offensive while humor was pleasant and sympathetic. Its the difference we note now when we distinguish between“laughing with”and“laughing at”. Lincoln was much more about“laughing with”than“laughing at”. And when“laughing at”, it was often himself he was teasing. In the famous Lincoln-Douglas debate, when Douglas accused Lincoln of being two-faced, Lincoln replied, referencing his plain looking, “Honestly, if I were two-faced, would I be showing you this one? ”And, in a way, Lincolns face itself tells us much about his sense of humor. You can comb through thousands of photographs of politicians, soldiers, and the like from Lincolns time and not find a single smile. True, the long exposures(曝光)required for photographs of that time made smiling difficult. Yet Lincoln alone, as far as I can tell, overcame that difficulty. Interestingly, while having a sense of humor, or at least the appearance of one provided by comedy writers, has become a necessary characteristic for an American President in our time, in the nineteenth century, too much humor was considered a problem. And that was the case for Lincoln. A journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debate commented that“I could not take a real personal liking to the man, owing to an inborn weakness for which he was even then notorious and so remained during his great public career, he was extremely fond of jokes, anecdotes, and stories. ”【文章大意】说起第16任美国总统亚伯拉罕林肯, 很多人会立即想起他对解放黑奴和维护美利坚联邦完整所做出的巨大贡献, 想起他能言善辩的口才和妙语连珠的演讲, 但却很少有人知道, 林肯的“幽默感”也开创了一个新时代。1. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that. A. the American President could influence the use of EnglishB. the term“sense of humor”wasnt invented until the 1860sC. what is funny to someone might be offensive to someone elseD. the concept of humor remains the same despite the passing of time【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据该段中“didnt have the positive connotations thatsense of humorhas today(没有今天幽默感所具有的积极的隐含意义)”和“Back then, what was ridiculous was what invited ridicule. (在当时, 好笑的事就是招致讥笑的事。)”可知C项正确。2. The underlined words“this one”in Paragraph 4 refer to. A. Lincolns unattractive faceB. Lincolns sense of humorC. the debate they were havingD. cruelty that went with funniness【解析】选A。词义猜测题。在林肯与道格拉斯的辩论中, 道格拉斯批评林肯是两面派, 而林肯提到自己相貌平平(his plain looking), 接着指出“如果我是两面派, 我还会向你展现我相貌平平的一面吗”。这说明林肯很幽默。3. We rarely see people from Lincolns time wear a smile in their photos because. A. being humorous was considered inappropriateB. they found it quite funny to smile before the cameraC. not smiling for photographs was the fashionD. photography technology then was not advanced【解析】选D。细节理解题。从原文倒数第二段可知“当时摄影时, 照片曝光时间比较长, 这使得拍照时, 人们很难保持微笑”。4. What might the writer think of the journalist covering the Lincoln-Douglas debate? A. His comment accurately reflected his time. B. He created a false picture of Lincoln. C. He was prejudiced and self-centered. D. He was brave to point out Lincolns weakness. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。报道林肯与道格拉斯的辩论的记者所说的话准确地反映了当时那个时代。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C和D中，选出最佳选项。LONDON (Reuters) Children are dying for lack of drugs tailored to their needs, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), which launched a global campaign on Thursday to promote more research into child medicine.More than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters. The problem is even worse in developing countries where price remains a major barrier and 6 million children die each year from treatable conditions.In the case of HIV/AIDS, the few existing pediatric therapies（儿科的疗法）developed for children generally cost three times more than adult ones. As a result, clinicians lack clear guidelines on the best drug to use and often have to guess at the correct dose. Fortunately, the WHO has drawn up the first international List of Essential Medicines for Children, containing 206 products considered safe for children.“But a lot remains to be done. There are priority medicines that have not been adapted for childrens use or are not available when needed,” said Dr Hans, the U.N. agencys director of medicines policy and standards. Medicines that need to be adapted to childrens needs include many antibiotics, pain drugs as well as combination pills for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. The agency is building an Internet entrance linking to clinical trials carried out in children and will launch a Web site with the information early next year.Testing medicines on children has always been a controversial issue, since good ethical（伦理的）practice requires informed agreement from people participating in clinical trials, which is difficult to obtain in the case of children. As a result, research-based drug companies have been wary of developing child-friendly medicines and general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.In an attempt to deal with the issue, both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for drugs that have been tested on children. 【文章大意】本文叙述了儿童急需适合他们需要的药物。现在儿童服用的药物中有一半以上没有对儿童进行检测。幸运的是世界卫生组织公布了206种药物儿童可以安全服用的药物。儿童药物的检测一直有争议。因此儿童药物的生产进行较缓慢。36. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. A Global Campaign to Promote Research into AIDS Medicine B. WHO Says Children are Dying for Lack of Child-sized Drugs C. Many People are Concerned about Childrens Drugs D. Measures Taken to Develop Child-friendly Medicine Quickly【答案】B【 解析】标题归纳题。根据Children are dying for lack of drugs tailored to their needs, according to the World Health Organization (WHO),可知这篇报道是世界卫生组织宣布的儿童急需适合他们需要的药物。故选B。37. Which of the following medicine is not needed to be adapted to childrens need according to the passage? A. Pain killers.B. Tuberculosis.C. AID pills. D. Flu pills.【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。根据Medicines that need to be adapted to childrens needs include many antibiotics, pain drugs as well as combination pills for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.可知pain killers，Tuberculosis，AID pills.需要适应儿童的需要。故选D。38. Why has testing medicines on children always been a controversial issue? A. It is against good ethical practice B. Children shouldnt take part in clinical trials. C. It is hard to get informed agreement from children tested. D. Parents dont allow their children to be tested on medicine.【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。根据since good ethical（伦理的）practice requires informed agreement from people participating in clinical trials, which is difficult to obtain in the case of children.可知很难在儿童病例中获得良好的伦理实践要求的共识。故选C。39. The underlined word “wary” in the last but one paragraph means _. A. fast B. fond C. cautious D. uninterested【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。根据general companies have been slow to produce them at lower cost.可知儿童的药品生产公司缓慢的低成本的生产药物，因此课推断儿童药品生产需要小心翼翼的。故选C。40. What can be inferred from the passage? A. There is still a long way to go on childrens medicine. B. An Internet entrance is being built to link to clinical trials carried out in children. C. Both Europe and the United States now have special rules offering extended patent protection for childrens drugs. D. Less than half of the drugs currently used to treat children in the industrialized world have not been specifically tested on youngsters【答案】A【 解析】推理判断题。根据which is difficult to obtain in the case of children.可知儿童药物的检验较难，因此儿童药物的制造较困难。故选A。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。One day while Father was in his office downtown, Auntie Gussie and Cousin Flossie arrived. Mother immediately began planning to take them to dine at the Waldorf, a much talked of new hotel at Fifth Avenue and Thirty third Street, which she very much wanted so see. She knew Father mightnt like the idea, but he would enjoy himself after he got there, and she thought she could manage him. When he came in, she went to his bedroom to break the good news to him. Whenever she was planning to manage him, the very tone of her voice put him on guard; it had an impatient note, as though really the only plan she could think of was to wish he was manageable. So on this occasion, when she tried to get him in a good mood, he instantly got in a bad one. He looked suspiciously (怀疑地) at Mother and said, “I dont feel well.”But Mother was fully prepared to see that he would take it hard at the start. She said brightly that the Waldorf was lovely and that it would do him good to go out. There was no dinner at home for him anyway, so what else was there to do?When Father took in the situation, he undressed and put on his nightshirt. He shouted angrily at Mother that he had a sick headache. It made no difference to him whether there was any dinner or not. What he needed was rest. After walking around, he put his clothes away and darkened his room. He climbed into bed. Pulling up the sheets, he let out his breath in deep groans (呻吟).Mother had got tired of scolding Father and trying to make him get out of bed, and had made up her mind to dine at the Waldorf without him. She and Auntie Gussie and Flossie marched off by themselves. But they had to come back almost immediately because Mother didnt have enough money, and when she rushed into Fathers sickroom and lit the gas again and made him get up and give her ten dollars, his roars (咆哮) of pain were terrific.60Mother wants to dine at the Waldorf probably because .Ashe has not prepared dinnerBshe feels Father needs a changeCshes curious to know what the new hotel is likeDAuntie Gussie and Gousin Flossie have come to visit61From the underlined sentence “he would take it hard”, we learn that Father would .Atalk with Mother seriouslyBface Mother with difficultyCfeel very upset about the ideaDaccept the idea unwillingly62We can infer from the passage that .AFather has a poor appetiteBFather pretends to be sickCFather has the final say in the familyDFather thinks dining out a waste of time63What is the authors attitude? AHe stands by Mother.BHe takes Fathers side.CHe is ashamed of his parents.DHe is just reporting the story.【参考答案】60、C 6163 CBD 阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。I really hadnt meant to yell at them. But that grey afternoon saw it just as my son and daughter were making a terrible mess on the floor in the kitchen.With a tiresome report to write, I felt bothered at my desk. Suddenly, it occurred to me that my kids were at fault. A voice inside me insisted that I do something quickly.“Ok, you two here, but what an awful thing you are attempting!” I was shouting angrily. I made for them, while it became evident that the boy wanted no part of me. “Get away from us!” he shouted back, there being an expression of support from his sister.All of a sudden, I found the fault in myself. Quickly I shaped my hands into pincers(钳子) and crawled towards them, “Crabby（暴躁的） Daddy is here. Ha, Ha, Ha, he likes to yell at children, and then eat them!” My son continued to keep me away, but now he was laughing and crying at the same time. My mission to repair the damage caused by my yelling seemed to work well. Still, I regretted not having controlled myself first in a right way.Need I let them know how badly they were acting by blaming? This is a lesson that serves myself. It only shows just how to get rid of something (ill-feelings, responsibility) by blaming others. Its not my “best self”.We have to search for our “best self” when with our children. They dont need perfect parents, but they do need parents who are always trying to get better. Here, I am reminded of the words of a great thinker. “When a man lives with God, his voice shall be as sweet as the murmur of the book” Then, in our lifetime, couldnt we always speak to our kids in such a sweet voice since most of us consider them as the most precious in the world? And before we reach this level, what should we do when we come across various difficult cases with our children?【文章大意】本文叙述了作者忙于烦人的工作时，发现孩子把房间弄的乱七八糟，于是大喊。孩子们因此不愿意理他了。当作者发现自己错了，他于是开始于孩子开玩笑，逗乐孩子。作者认为大人要始终对孩子保持最好的一面，不要对孩子着急发火。41. The author couldnt help yelling at his kids this time probably because_.A. the weather was so unpleasant B. he was tired of his boring workC. the kids didnt ask him to join them D. a Daddy has his right to do so【答案】B【 解析】推理判断题。根据With a tiresome report to write, I felt bothered at my desk. Suddenly, it occurred to me that my kids were at fault.可知作者正在写一篇烦人的报道，因此对自己的工作感到厌烦，有发现孩子把房间弄得换七八糟，因此大喊。故选B42. Which of the following made the author aware of his fault?A. No obvious reason. B. The boys yelling back.C. His self-awareness. D. The girls shouting back【答案】D【 解析】推理判断题。根据there being an expression of support from his sister.和All of a sudden, I found the fault in myself.可知作者发现孩子的姐姐也认为是他错了，打算要远离他，此时作者才意识到是自己错了。故选D。43. According to the passage, the author will _ in another similar situation.A. play a crab again like this time B. apologize to kids in a sincere wayC. avoid blaming kids in a hurry D. beat them up about such things【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。根据I regretted not having controlled myself first in a right way.可知作者后悔着急的对孩子发火。因此可推断作者下次再相似的情况下会控制自己，避免急匆匆的责骂孩子。故选C。44. What will the writer go on to write about in the next paragraph(s)?A. How to behave ourselves properly when kids are at fault.B. How to play with our children in a more interesting way.C. How to deal with the housework with children around us.D. How to persuade children to do what they are told to.【答案】C【 解析】推理判断题。根据what should we do when we come across various difficult cases with our children?可知此处作者问当我们遇到与孩子有不同的难题时应该怎么办，因此可推断下文将会讲如何处理与孩子遇到的问题，像家务。故选C。45. What does “the boy wanted no part of me” in the third paragraph mean?A. The boy was happy because I loved them.B. The boy was curious because I wanted to help them. C. The boy was very happy for I was angry. D. The boy didnt want me to join them.【答案】A【 解析】词义猜测题。根据“Get away from us!” he shouted back,可知孩子大喊离我们远点，由此猜测这句话的意思是孩子不想让他加入他们。故选A