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假设你是李华，福建省某中学高中学生，今年暑假将前往澳大利亚参加主题为 “WATER FOR LIFE” 的交流活动。请你以参访代表的身份，根据以下图片提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。（2010福建） 注意：1. 根据图片的内容适当展开，以使行文连贯。 2. 词数：120左右。 参考词汇：短缺 shortage;资源 resource,范文背诵 Ladies and gentlemen, Good morning. Im Li Hua from Fujian, China. Its my great honor to be here to say something about the global water shortage and ways of dealing with it. As we know, the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to global warming, environmental pollution and the ever-increasing population. Therefore, its high time we did something about it. Firstly, an effective way, I think, is to reserve water in a scientific way for future use. Secondly, new methods need to be developed to use the existing water resources, for example, turning sea water into fresh water. Thirdly, we must stop water pollution by law. Last but not least, its everyones responsibility to make good use of water, such as recycling and saving water in our daily life. In conclusion, people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage, protect the present water resources and explore potential ones scientifically.,Thats all. Thank you. 句型背诵 Its my great honor to be here to say something about the global water shortage and ways of dealing with it. Firstly, an effective way, I think, is to reserve water in a scientific way for future use. Last but not least, its everyones responsibility to make good use of water, such as recycling and saving water in our daily life.,1. _ vi. 爆裂；爆发； n. 突然破裂；爆发 2. _ n. 事件；大事 3. _ n. 污垢；泥土 _ adj. 脏的 4. _ n. 废墟；毁灭；vt.使破产；毁灭 5. _ vt.损害；伤害 _ adj. 受伤的 _ n. 伤口 6. _ vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭 _ n. 破坏 7. _ adj.无用的；无效的；无益的 8. _ vt.n. 休克；打击；震惊 9. _ vt.& n. 援救；营救 10. _ n. 电；电流；电学 _ adj.用电的；带电的 _ adj.与电有关的 11. _ n.灾难；灾祸 12. _ vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 13. _ n. 矿；矿山；矿井 _ n. 矿工,14. _ vt. 使惊吓；吓唬 _ adj. 受惊的；受恐吓的 _ adj. 令人恐惧的 15. _ n. 裁判员；法官;vt. 断定；判断；判决 16. _ adv. 真诚地；真挚地 _ adj.真诚的；真挚的 答案:1.burst 2.event 3.dirt; dirty 4.ruin 5.injure;injured; injury 6.destroy; destruction 7.useless 8.shock 9.rescue 10.electricity; electric；electrical 11.disaster 12.bury 13.mine; miner 14. frighten; frightened; frightening 15. judge 16. sincerely; sincere 1. right _ 立刻；马上 2. think _ of 不重视 3. _ if 仿佛；好像 4. an end _ 结束；终结 5. in _ 严重受损；破败不堪,6. _ away 吹走；刮走 7. be _ in 陷入之中 8. _ out 掘出；发现 9. a (great) number _ 许多；大量的 10. give _ 发出；分发 答案:1.away 2.little 3.as 4.at 5.ruins 6.blow 7.trapped 8.dig 9.of 10.out 1.It seemed _ _ the world was at an end！ 仿佛到了世界末日！ 2.It was felt in Beijing, _ is more than two hundred kilometres away. 二百公里以外的北京市也有震感。 3. _ hope was _ lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。 答案:1. as if 2. which 3. All； not,1.burst vi. (burst, burst)爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发 The red balloon suddenly burst. 那个红色的气球突然爆破了。 On hearing the news, Leslie burst into laughter while Tracy burst out crying. 一听到这则消息，Leslie突然大笑，而Tracy则大哭起来。 The police burst through the door. 警察破门而入。 【速记名片】,常用结构： burst into+n.=burst out+doing sth. 突然起来 burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然起来 be bursting to do 渴望, 急着要做(某事) burst in/into 闯入；突然破门而入 burst through 冲开；冲破；拨开 burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支 【即学即练】 完成句子 她急不可待的要把好消息告诉他。 She _ _ to tell him the good news. 强盗闯入他的房间偷走了几件值钱的东西。 The robbers _ _ his room and took something valuable away. 太阳突然从云端里露出来。 The sun _ _ the clouds. 答案:was bursting burst into burst through,单项填空 Every time _ he thought of his past, he couldnt help bursting _. (2010济南一模) A. when; out tears B. that; into crying C. which; into tears D. /; out crying 解析：选D。burst out后接v.-ing形式，every time 相当于连词，引导状语从句。故选D。 2. event n. 事件；大事；比赛项目 The new book was the cultural event of the year. 这本新书的出版是今年文化界的大事。 Coming events cost their shadows before. 未来之事先有征兆。 The next event will be the 100-metre race. 下一个比赛项目是100米赛跑。 常用结构： at all events无论怎样 in any event 无论如何 in the event of 万一；徜若,【即学即练】 完成句子 无论如何，让我们试试看！ _ _ _, let us try! 不管怎样，如果我再一次进城的话一定来拜访你。 _ _ _, Ill come visit you if I am in town again. 要是下雨，球赛将会被延期。 _ _ _ _ rain, the game will be postponed. 答案:At all events/In any event At all events/In any event In the event of 单项填空 The National Day and the International Labour Day are great _in our country. (2010河南镇平二轮) A. occurrence B. incidents C. accidents D. events 解析：选D。考查词义辨析。occurrence是普通用词，指“任何发生的事件”；incident意为“事情；发生的事（常指小事）”；accident意为“事故”，强调未预料到的事情；event意为“事件”.多指大事件。,How many _ are going to be held in this Summer Olympic Games? (2010江苏启东一轮) A. accidents B. incidents C. events D. sports 解析：选C。 考查词义辨析。accident事故，指没有料到的恶性事件；incident指“事件”,多指一般发生的不是很重要的事情；event多指“政治性的事件”,尤指大事, 也可以指（体育运动中的）比赛项目。 3.judge n. 法官；裁判员 vt.断定；判断；判决 His father used to be a judge.他的父亲过去是一名法官。 He was a judge of (at) sports meeting. 他是运动会比赛的裁判。 The blind cant judge colours. 盲人无法判断颜色。 常用结构： judge sb./sth. by/from通过判断 judge that-clause/wh-clause判断，认为 judge it+(to be)+adj./n.认为是 as far as I can judge我认为 judging from/by.从来看;根据判断,【即学即练】 完成句子 不要以貌取人。 Dont judge a man _ his looks. 我认为最好不要匆忙做出决定。 I judged it better not _ _ a hasty decision. 从他说的话来判断，他一定是个诚实的人。 _ _ what he said, he must be an honest man. 答案:by to make Judging from 用法点拨:judging from/by., 为习惯用语,不能改为judged,因为它表示的是说话人的一种态度,当用于句首时，为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态影响,只能用现在分词的形式作状语，不能用过去分词。 类似用法的词组:to tell you the truth/to be honest 跟你说实话吧; generally speaking 一般来讲;frankly speaking 坦率地讲等。,【即学即练】 单项填空 _ the hat he _, the old man is a farmer. (2010山东日照检测) A. Judging from; is wearing B. Judging by; is having on C. To judge by; putting D. Judged by; is putting 解析：选A。 judging from为固定搭配，在这里judging不与the old man形成逻辑主动或被动关系。wear, have on, dress都有“穿，戴”的意思，但搭配和意义不同。wear和have on都可以表示“穿着”的状态，然而have on没有进行时态；dress可以作及物和不及物动词，作不及物动词时意为“穿衣”，作及物动词时宾语是人。,4.ruin vt. 毁坏;毁灭 n.U毁坏;毁灭;C（常用作复数）废墟 Bad weather ruined our holidays. 坏天气把我们的假日全给搅黄了。 Laziness will ruin ones prospects. 懒惰会使人自毁前程。 We wanted to have a look at the ruins of Pompeii. 我们想看一下庞贝城的废墟。 用法点拨： ruin作名词时，其复数形式与介词in搭配构成in ruins，意为“成为废墟；变成一片瓦砾；被毁灭；崩溃；落空”。 An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. 那次地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。 His career is/lies in ruins. 他已前途尽毁。 【易混辨析】 destroy/ruin/damage destroy表示在肉体上、精神上或道义上的彻底摧毁，使之无法恢复，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁坏。可用于表示损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。,ruin一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。 damage是程度较小的“破坏”、“损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可重新修复。 【即学即练】 完成句子 他当医生的希望破灭了。 His hope of being a doctor was _. 大雨损坏了许多房子。 The heavy rain _ many houses. 坏天气破坏了我们的运动会。 The bad weather _ our sports meeting. 答案:destroyed damaged ruined,单项填空 I was _ by that law case. Im a _ man. (2010陕西西安11月考) A. ruined; ruined B. ruined; destroying C. damaged; destroyed D. destroyed; damaging 解析：选A。句意为：我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产，不名一文。ruin常用于借喻中，指损坏到了不能再使用的程度；damage不能指人，只指物；destroy指完全彻底地破坏，含有无法修复之意，也可用于借喻。第二个空应用过去分词作定语，表被动和完成之意。,5.bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 The house was half buried under snow. 这栋房子一半被埋在雪中。 He was sitting with his head buried in a book. 他坐着埋头看书。 Both his grandparents were buried here. 他的祖父母都葬在这里。 【速记名片】 常用结构： be buried alive被活埋 be buried under 为所压倒；沉浸于；忙于,bury （oneself） in =be buried in 埋头于；专心于；退居于(乡间等) bury ones head in the sand 自欺欺人，逃避现实（来自鸵鸟的习性） 【即学即练】 完成句子 2010年10月台风“鲇鱼”过后,仍有很多人被活埋。 Many mainland travellers were still _ _ after the “typhoon Megi”in October 25, 2010. 你的信被压在一堆文件下面了。 Your letter got _ _a pile of papers. 她埋头于她的工作。 She _ _ _ her work. 答案:buried alive buried under buried herself in,单项填空 _ deep down in the earth, the dead forests rotted away and became coal. A. Burying B. Buried C. To burry D. Having buried 解析：选B。bury与句子主语forests之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。句意为：深深地埋在地下，枯死的森林慢慢腐烂变成了煤。 温馨提示：表示“专心于，致力于”意义的短语还有：be devoted to；be addicted to；be absorbed in等。 6. think of 考虑； 想起 I cant think of a better place for our party. 我想不出一个更好的聚会地点。 Im thinking of a way to help her. 我在想一个帮助她的办法。 温馨提示：think of.as/regard.as/have on.as 都可意为“把当作，认为是”。,【联想拓展】 think about 考虑；回想；想起 think of 考虑；记忆，记起 think sth. over 仔细想；审慎思考；作进一步考虑 think sth.out 认真考虑；仔细盘算 think nothing/little of 不重视；满不在乎 think much/highly/well of 重视；高度评价 【即学即练】 完成句子 他正在考虑暑假旅游的事。 He is _ _ travelling in the summer holidays. 我一时想不起他的名字。 I cant _ _ his name at the moment. 请仔细考虑我说的话。 Please _ _ what I said. 他盘算出了一个新主意。 He _ _ a new idea. 答案:thinking about think of think over thought out,7.at an end 结束，终结 The war was finally at an end. 战争终于结束了。 Be patient, his speech will be at an end soon. 耐心一点，他的演讲很快就结束了。 【联想拓展】 come to an end结束（用作谓语） bring.to an end /put an end to使终止 at the end of在末尾 by the end of到为止 in the end最后，终于 make ends meet收支相抵 【即学即练】 完成句子 我想知道怎样才能使他们终止纷争。 I wonder how I can _ their dispute _ _ _ . 明年十二月底前我们很可能已完成这项工作了。 We would have finished this work _ _ _ _ next December.,他们最后终于在黄昏前到达了目的地。 _ _ _ they reached their destination before dusk. 答案:bring；to an end by the end of In the end 单项填空 The UN is to _ an end to the dispute(争端)between the two countries. Im sure the issue will _ an end soon. A. come; put B. come to; bring C. put; come D. bring; come to 解析：选D。考查end的短语搭配。由句意可知，应选D。bring an end to sth. 使结束，常用作及物动词；come to an end 结束，常用作谓语动词。,8.a number of意为“一些，很多”，相当于 many, 后接可数名词复数，当它作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 A number of problems have arisen. 已经出现了一些问题。 【联想拓展】 关于“许多，若干，大量的”的短语： a large/great/ good number of a great/good many +可数名词复数 a good few quite a few many a more than one +单数可数名词+单数谓语动词 a great/good deal of a great/large amount of +不可数名词 quite a little,a lot/lots of a great/large quantity of +可数名词复数或不可数名词 large quantities of plenty of 用法点拨:(1)a number of+pl.n.作主语时,谓语动词用复数,表示“许多;大量”;the number of+pl.n.作主语,谓语动词用单数，表示“的数目”。如果表示“数量多少”,要用large, small或high, low,不能用many,few。(2)large quantities of+pl.n./Un.作主语时,谓语动词用复数;large amounts of+Un.作主语时,谓语动词用复数。 【即学即练】 单项填空 The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were 解析：选C。考查a number of与the number of 的意义和辨析。the number of+复数名词，其主语是number，故谓语动词用单数，意为“的数量”；a number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。,9.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.（P26） 农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。 “too+adj./adv.+动词不定式”结构简称为“too.to”结构，在大多数情况下表示否定意义，通常可意为“太而不能;太而无法”。 【联想拓展】 “too.to”结构表示否定的常见句型有： （1）too+adj./adv.+to do，有时too后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词。 （2）too . to/to be done形式。这是“too .to”结构中不定式为被动式时的变体，如果主语是不定式动作的承受者，不定式既可以用主动式，也可以用被动式，此时用主动式虽然在形式上是主动的，但在意义上却是被动的。 （3）too+adj.+a(an)+n.+to+v./to be done形式。这个句型在too+adj.后再接一个带不定冠词的名词，不定冠词一定要放置于形容词后。,与此同时，只有当too后形容词修饰一个可数名词时，才可以在形容词与名词间加不定冠词“a（n）”。当句子主语能发出该不定式的动作时，可以用to+v.的主动式，当主语是该不定式动作的承受者时，则用to be+v.-ed的被动式。 Im too tired to think of anything now. 我太累了，什么也不能想了。 The tea is too hot to drink/to be drunk. 茶太热，不能喝。 The shoes are too badly broken to be mended. 这些鞋子破烂到不能修补。 Hes too experienced an artist to mind what the critics say. As an artist hes too experienced to mind what the critics say. 他是个经验非常丰富的艺术家，不会介意批评家说些什么。 温馨提示：并不是所有“too.to”结构的句子都表示否定意义，在下列情况下，“too.to”结构可以表示肯定意义： “too.to”结构之前带有but, only, all, never, not等词时，是强调肯定的表示法，意为“非常，十分；实在，真是太”等。 I am but too glad to do so. 我非常喜欢这样做。,The girl is not too careful to do it well. 这姑娘很细心，完全能干好那件事。 “too.to”结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词,如ready,eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等加动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等，并且其后的不定式不是说明too的具体内容,而是修饰形容词,故不定式不再表示结果。 He was too anxious to do this job. 他非常想做这件工作。 在“too.to”结构中,不定式为否定式时,是构成的双重否定,意为“非常很/太/那么不会不/必定能/所以能”,也不表示否定意义。 【即学即练】 单项填空 He seems _ tired to do it. But I am only _ glad to do it. (2010江苏常州一轮) A. very; too B. extremely; too C. too; too D. very; very 解析：选C。第一空为too .to 太而不能；第二空前有only所以too .to表示强调肯定，意为“非常，十分”。,10. It seemed as if the world was at an end!（P26） 仿佛到了世界末日！ as if=as though，意为“仿佛，像，似乎”。通常用在be，look，seem，sound，taste，smell及feel等连系动词的后面。如果表示真实情况应该用陈述语气；如果表示非真实情况则应该用虚拟语气, 其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。 How wild his white hair looked as if it had been electrified! 他的白发十分凌乱，好像触了电似的。(虚拟语气) She seems as if she is going to cry. 她似乎要哭了。(陈述事实) 用法点拨： as if (though)后面除了跟句子外，还可以跟名词、动词不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语和分词。 He raised his hand as if to take off his hat. 他举起他的手，好像要取下帽子。 as if (though)还可表达感叹语气，来对某项建议、假设和推测表示不赞成、惊讶、不满和厌恶等。 As if we were all stupid and he alone clever! 哼，就仿佛我们都是傻瓜，只有他一个人聪明似的！,【即学即练】 单项填空 Will you go to the exhibition tomorrow? Yes, I will go _ its windy. (2010山东滨州11月月考) A. as if B. even though C. as soon as D. as though 解析：选B。 even though相当于even if，引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”；as if（though）引导方式状语从句；as soon as引导时间状语从句。由句意可知，应选B项。,.单词拼写 1. At the sound of the sad news, the little girl b _ into tears. 2. Her left leg was i _ in the accident. She couldnt move at all. 3. The people trapped above the fire in this building must be r _ as soon as possible. 4. As far as I know, many treasures were b _ in this tomb a long time ago. 5. The news that her husband died in a flood _(使震惊)her. 6. All the masses should be _(组织)to fight against all kinds of pollution. 7. This food is _(发臭的). You cant eat it at all. 8. These apples are very _(新鲜的). I think they must be very tasty. 9. A few important _ (演讲)will be made at the meeting by these scientists. 10. He was _(恐惧) at the thought of his huge debts.,答案：1. burst 2. injured 3. rescued 4. buried 5. shocked 6. organized 7. smelly 8. fresh 9. speeches 10. frightened .用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空 a great number of/think of/as if/in ruins/too.to/be proud of/dig out/at an end of/burst out/right away 1. What do you _ her idea? 2. He spreads his arms out _ to hold the whole world. 3. He had to show the white flag _ the debate. 4. Napoleon reached Moscow to find the city deserted and _ . 5. The old house lay in ruins. So the owner had to _ his valuables in the dust with shovels. 6. The boy is _ young _ go to school. 7. If you get high scores in the exam, your parents will _ you. 8. Hearing the news, his father _ crying.,9. When he noticed the danger, he called the policeman _ . 10. After the flood, _ people lost their homes. 答案：1. think of 2.as if 3.at the end of 4.in ruins 5.dig out 6.too;to 7. be proud of 8. burst out 9. right away 10. a great number of .完成句子 1.All of a sudden, a man _ _ _ (从跳出) the car which was still running. 2.After the earthquake _ _ (成千上万的)people were reduced to leaving their hometown. 3.A long bridge that _ _ _ _ (十公里长) has just been built in that area. 4.Do you know when our sports meeting will be _ _ _ (结束)？ 5.What did you _ _ (挖出) from under the high tower over there?,6.Slowly the whole city began to _ (恢复生机)again. 7. _ _ _ (的数量) students who failed in the exams becomes less and less. 8.Before she went out into the street, she _ _ _ (很少考虑) the traffic problem. 9.The old man has three sons, _ _ _ (他们都)graduated from the same college. 10.The park will also honour _ _ (那些) helped the survivors. 答案:1. jumped out of 2. thousands of 3. is 10 kilometres long 4. at an end 5. dig out 6. breathe 7. The number of 8. thought little of 9. all of whom 10. those who,. 单项填空 1. The chief reason for the population growth isnt so much a _ in birth rates but a fall in death rates. A. surprise B. well C. rise D. shock 解析：选C。由句意可知,不是出生率的上升,而是死亡率的下降。故选C。 2. Why, she is absent again! She was _ badly in an accident. A. injured B. harmed C. shocked D. beaten 解析：选A。肉体的伤害用injured表示。故选A。 3. Years of fighting have left the village in _. A. destroy B. damage C. ruins D. ruin 解析：选C。in ruins为固定搭配，意为“成为废墟”。句意为：几年的战争使村庄变成了废墟。,4. Youll understand it when you _ my age. A. reach B. arrive C. get D. get in 解析：选A。reach为及物动词；B、 C均为不及物动词，get into表示“陷入”。reach在此表示“达到某个数量、标准等”。 5. We will do it ourselves _ asking others to help. A. instead of B. instead C. but D. however 解析：选A。instead of为介词短语，而instead为副词。由题意可知，应选A。 6. He was so _ thought that he knocked into a pole. A. careful with B. serious about C. buried in D. wrapped in 解析：选C。be buried in在这里的意为“投入到中”。 7. After years of thousands of peoples efforts, the project is finally _. A. at an end B. to a stop C. end to end D. on end 解析：选A。at an end结束，也可以说come to a stop。,8. Speed up! How soon will it be? _. A. Far away B. Out and away C. Right away D. Go ahead 解析：选C。right away意为“马上（就到）”，符合语境。 9. The helicopter arrived on the scene quickly to _ the survivors. A. keep B. protect C. shake D. rescue 解析：选D。rescue救助；援救，符合语境。 10. The walls along the street were _ high for any of us to get over. A. so B. very C. too D. quite 解析：选C。考查too.to结构，意为“太而不能”。,11. The number of students in our school _ about 30,000 and them study hard. A. is；a large amount of B. are；a number of C. are；large amount of D. is；a large number of 解析：选D。the number of表示“的数量”，后接可数名词的复数，谓语动词用单数；a large amount of后接不可数名词。 12. After the explosion，the roads are full of _ people leaving the city. A. afraid B. frightened C. frightening D. scary 解析：选B。frightened表示“感到害怕的”，常用来修饰人；afraid表示“害怕的”，多用作表语；frightening表示“令人害怕的”，常用于修饰事物；scary表示“吓人的；可怕的”。由句意可知，应选B。,13. _ from what he did，he isnt a person to depend on. A. Judge B. Judging C. Judged D. Judges 解析：选B。judging from.表示“根据来判断”，属于独立结构作状语。 14. Look! Every player in our team is doing their best. It seems _ our team is going to win. A. even if B. if only C. as if D. only if 解析：选C。句意为：看，我们队的每一个成员都发挥得很好。看来我们队要获胜了。as if似乎；even if即使；if only要是多好；only if只有当，只是在的时候。 15. You must learn how to communicate with others. Learning to _ yourself well is an important part of education. A. express B. find C. introduce D. recognize 解析：选A。后一句句意为：学会把你自己的意思表达清楚是受教育的一个重要方面。express表示；表现；表达。,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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