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Unit 4 Earthquakes,上一页,1.burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发 The dam burst under the weight of water. 那水坝在水的压力下决堤了。 I heard several bomb bursts. 我听到了几声炸弹的爆炸声。 His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.他一登上台就博得了一阵热烈的掌声。,burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入 burst out 突然迸发；爆发；突然激动地喊叫 burst out doing sth.burst inton.突然起来 burst with tears/angry/joy 突然大哭/勃然大怒/乐不可支,上一页,She burst into his office and demanded a meeting. 她闯入他的办公室，要求见面。 When he finished his words，everyone burst out laughing. 他说完话后大家哄堂大笑起来。,上一页,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) As soon as he heard the _ news of his death，she _ tears. (2010菱湖模拟) Ashocked；burst out Bshocking；burst into Cshocked；burst into Dshocking；burst out,上一页,【解析】 句意：一听到他死亡的这个令人震惊的消息，她痛哭起来。shocking“令人震惊的”；shocked“感到震惊的”；burst into tears“突然大哭”，符合句意。 【答案】 B,2. ruin n废墟；毁灭 vt. 毁灭；使破产 Many ruins of ancient Roman date can be seen in the south of France.在法国南部可以看到许多古罗马时期的遗迹。 This news meant the ruin of all our hopes. 这条消息使我们的一切希望都破灭了。 I was ruined by that law case，and now Im a ruined man. 我被那场官司搞垮了，现在已经倾家荡产。,上一页,in ruins 成废墟；毁坏；毁灭 fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to ruin 毁灭；落空 ruin oneself 自我毁灭 bring sb.to ruin 使毁灭,上一页,Years of fighting have left the area in ruins. 经年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。 A large number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution. 革命过后许多教堂都变成了废虚。,上一页,上一页,destroy/ruin/damage/break 在表示“破坏；损坏”时，这几个词所表示的破坏程度及含义不同。 (1)destroy 常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏；毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。 The earthquake destroyed almost the entire city.地震几乎毁灭了整个城市。 All his hopes were destroyed.他的全部希望破灭了。,(2)ruin 也是指严重的以致于不能修复的“破坏”，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。 He knocked over a bottle of ink and ruined the tablecloth. 他打翻了一瓶墨水，把桌布弄糟了。 (3)damage是程度较小的“破坏；损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。 The car was only slightly damaged in the accident. 这辆车在事故中只受到轻微的损坏。,上一页,上一页,(4)break是“破坏；打破；打碎”的意思。它表示 的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西， 如石头、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形抽象的东 西，如法律、沉默、习惯等。 Who broke the cup？谁打破了这只杯子？ The boy fell from the tree and broke his leg. 这孩子从树上跌下来，摔断了腿。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空),The plan was in _ just because people were unwilling to cooperate. (2011大庆实验中学模拟) Aruins Bpieces Cdanger Dtrouble,【解析】 句意：这个计划夭折了，就因为人们不愿意合作。in ruins此处意为“毁掉；夭折”。in piece“支离破碎”；in danger“处于危险中”；in trouble“处于困难中”。 【答案】 A,上一页,3. injure vt. 损害；伤害 This incident could seriously injure the companys reputation. 这一事件可能会对公司的声誉造成严重损害。 Three people were killed and five injured in the crash. 撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。,上一页,hurt/injure/wound/cut (1)hurt为普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害(可由badly， slightly，seriously等修饰)，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害 (由very much/rather/deeply修饰)，多指伤痛。 I hurt my leg badly in the football match. 在那场足球比赛中，我的腿受了重伤。 He felt rather hurt at your words.你的话使他很难过。,上一页,(2)injure比hurt正式，主要指意外事故中损害健康、容貌等， 强调功能的损失。 A bullet injured his left eye.一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。 (3)wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重 的伤，尤其指用武器有意造成的伤口、伤疤或战场上受伤。 也可指人们精神上的创伤。 The thief wounded him with a knife.那小偷用刀刺伤了他。,上一页,You have wounded his pride. 你伤害了他的自尊心。 (4)cut指无意中造成的轻伤。 How did you get that cut on your hand? 你手上的伤是怎么弄的？,上一页,That the French president Sarkozy insisted on meeting Dalai Lama _ Chinese peoples feelings. Awounded Bhurt Cinjured Ddamaged,学以致用(单项填空),上一页,【解析】 句意：法国总统萨科奇坚持会见达赖喇嘛伤害了中国人民的感情。hurt指精神上的伤害，符合句意。damage“破坏；损坏”。 【答案】 B,上一页,4. rescue n& vt. 援救；营救 They are performing an attempt of a rescue. 他们正在进行营救行动。 The government has rescued the firm from bankruptcy by giving them a grant. 政府通过给该企业拨款使之免遭倒闭。,上一页,rescue sb./sth. from sb./sp.把从营救出来 come to/go to sb.s rescuerescue sb.援救某人 。,上一页,No one came to their rescue until the following day. 直到第二天才有人来救他们。 They managed to rescue all the people in the flood. 他们把所有困于洪水中的人们营救出来了。,上一页,上一页,学以致用(完成句子) The firemen rescued five children from the burning house(从燃烧的房子里援求了五个孩子) yesterday.,5. bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 He felt lonely after he buried his good friend. 埋葬了好友之后，他感到很孤独。 I really want to cry. But what I can do is only to bury the feeling in my heart.我真的很想哭，但我唯一能做的就是把这种感 觉埋藏在我的心里。 The old man is burying his money.老头正在埋藏他的钱。,上一页,上一页,be buried alive 被活埋 be/get buried beneath/under sth. 被掩埋在下面 be buried in/bury (oneself) in 专心于；埋头于,The miners were buried alive when the tunnel collapsed. 矿坑坍塌时，矿工被活活埋在里面了。 He buried himself in his books. 他埋头读书。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) _ in the newspaper，I didnt notice what was happening. AHaving buried BBurying CBuried DTo be buried,上一页,上一页,【解析】 句意：我埋头看报纸，没注意到发生的事情。be buried in“专心于；埋头于”，符合句意。 【答案】 C,6right away 立刻；马上 If war breaks out，we shall be called up right away. 如果战争爆发，我们将立即被征召服役。 Ill return the book to you right away. 我会马上把书还给你。,上一页,“立刻；马上”的表达方式还有： right now, at once, immediately, in no time, instantly.,上一页,He came home immediately/at once after work. 他一下班马上就回家。 Everything is ready.Ill get you something to eat in no time. 一切准备好了，我马上给你们弄点吃的。,上一页,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) Im sorry for being late. I forgot to set my alarm clock and got up too late. There is no excuse for being late. Start your work_. Aon purpose Bat present Cat an end Dright away,【解析】 句意：对不起我来晚了，我忘了定闹钟，起晚了。迟到没有借口，马上开始工作。right away“立刻；马上”，符合句意。on purpose“故意”；at present“目前”；at an end“结束”。 【答案】 D,上一页,7as if 仿佛；好像 I remember it as if it were yesterday. 我记得这件事，仿佛是昨天发生的。 Why doesnt she buy me a drink? It seems as if she had no money! 她为什么不给我买一点饮料？好像她没钱似的！。,上一页,(1)as if在look，seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。 She looks as if she were ten years younger. 她看起来好像年轻了十岁。 (2)引导方式状语从句。 He behaves as if he had no common sense. 他的言行就好像没有常识似的。,上一页,(3)as if 从句的语气及时态。 as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。 It sounds as if it is raining.听起来像是在下雨。 as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。 当说话者认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：,上一页,A从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。 He talks as if he knew where she was. 他说话的口气，好像他知道她在哪里似的。 B从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。 He talks about Rome as if he had been there before. 他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) My teacher treats the little boy as if he _ her son. (2010重庆模拟) Awere Bwas Cam Dhad been,上一页,【解析】 句意：我的老师对待那个小男孩就像他是她的儿子一样。根据句意可知，表示与现在事实相反的假设，故选A。 【答案】 A,上一页,8at an end 结束；终结 I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. 我必须警告你，我已忍无可忍了。 But my teaching career is not at an end yet. 但是我的执教生涯尚未结束,上一页,at the end of 在末尾 by the end of 在末为止 in the end 最后；终于 bring sth. to an end (使)结束；终止 come to an end 结束 put an end to 结束；终止,上一页,The new treaty will bring the long war an end. 新的谈判将使长久的战争结束。 Her sudden arrival put an end to their quarrel. 她的突然到来使他们的争吵结束了。,上一页,上一页,学以致用(选词填空at the end of/by the end of/in the end) How many English words have you learned by the end of last term? He became an outstanding doctor in the end. My uncle will fly to China at the end of this year.,9a (great) number of 许多；大量的 New jobs are needed because a great number of people are out of work. 因为许多人失业，所以需要为他们提供新的工作。 A number of countriesincluding Japanare struggling to meet that target. 包括日本在内的许多国家正在努力实现这一目标。,上一页,a large/great/good number of，a great/good many，a good few，quite a few跟可数名词的复数形式。 a great/good deal of，a great/large amount of，quite a little跟不可数名词。 a lot/lots of，a great/large quantity of，large quantities of，plenty of跟可数名词复数或不可数名词。,上一页,Large quantities of fish have recently been caught. 最近捕获了大量的鱼。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) The number of people invited _ fifty，but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. (2010菱湖模拟) Awere；was Bwas；was Cwas；were Dwere；were,上一页,【解析】 句意：受邀请的人的数量是五十，但由于不同的原因，其中许多人没有来。第一空the number作主语，谓语用单数；第二空a number of them作主语，谓语用复数形式。 【答案】 C,上一页,10Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents. 成千上万的家庭被毁，许多孩子成了孤儿。 句中were left without parents是leave sb.介词短语的被动形式。leave后可以跟动词的非谓语动词结构作宾补，即leave sb./sth. doing/done sth.。 He left me waiting in the rain for an hour. 他让我在雨中等了一个小时。 I went out and left the door unlocked.我出去了，门开着。,上一页,上一页,“leave宾语宾补”结构中leave 作为及物动词，可以表示“使保留；让处于(某种状态、某地等)”。其后接形容词、副词、分词、不定式、介词短语、名词或句子等补足语。其中形容词、副词、介词短语表状态；现在分词表动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作的被动和完成；不定式表示将来的动作。,Im sorry Ive left some questions unanswered. 很抱歉我还有一些问题没有回答。 Its wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你让机器一直运转是不对的。 He left the windows open.他让窗户开着。 Dont leave her to cook for 20 minutes. 不要让她烹调20分钟之久。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) When he came back，he found the bag he had _ over the seat was gone. Aleft to hang Bleft hanging Cleft hung Dto leave hanging,上一页,【解析】 句意：当他回来时，他发现他挂在座位上的包没了。此处考查leave sth. doing结构，hang意为“悬挂在”，用主动形式作宾补。不定式表示将来。 【答案】 B,上一页,11All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。 (1)在英语中 all，both，ever，everyone，everything 等与否定词 not 连用时，表示的是部分否定，而非全部否定。 I dont know all of them.我并不认识他们所有的人。 I dont like both of the books.这两本书我并不都喜欢。 Not every student goes to the farm on Sundays. 并非每个学生星期天都去农场。 Not everyone in our class likes football.在我们班并非每个人都喜欢足球。,上一页,(2)若要表示全部否定，则应用相应的表示全部否定的否定词。如：allnone (一个人也没有、没有任何东西)，bothneither (两个都不),everyno, everyoneno one(nobody)，everythingnothing 等。上述四个例句要表示全部否定应分别为：I know none of them.他们我都不认识。 I like neither of the books.这两本书我都不喜欢。 No student goes to the farm on Sundays.星期天没有学生去农场。 No one/Nobody in our class likes football.我们班没有人喜欢足球。,上一页,学以致用(单项填空) Its impossible for all the people to get jobs because _ of them are not fit for them. Anone Ball Cnot all Devery one,上一页,【解析】 句意：不可能所有人都能找到工作，因为不是所有的人都适合。根据句意可知，考查不完全否定的用法，故答案选B。A、C、D三项不符合句意。 【答案】 B,上一页,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,同学们,来学校和回家的路上要注意安全,
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