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语法精典讲解句法部分（从句）,16从句的种类,【从句的种类】（讲解1）,一、名词性从句,1.主要包括:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.一般由that引起,也可由who,whom,what,which,when,why,how,whether引起.,Whatyouneedismorepractice.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Wemustfindoutwhodidallthis.WeexpressedthehopethathewouldcometoChinaagain.,2.主语从句很多情况下都可以放到句子后面,而用代词it作形式上的主语.,ItisntlikelythatIshouldacceptsuchanofferasthat.Itisstillaquestionwhenweshallhaveoursportsmeet.,3.形式宾语.,Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.Shetookitforgrantedthathewouldreceiveitwithshame.,16从句的种类,【从句的种类】（讲解1）,4.由名词性关系代词whatever,whoever,whichever等引起的宾语从句.,Hewilldowhatevertheteacheraskshimtodo.Illtakewhoeverwantstogowithmetothetheatre.Takewhicheveryoulikebest.,5.whether,and,if都能引导从句,但用法有所不同.当主语从句直接位于句首时,应用whether,而不用if.Whether后能直接ornot,但if不能.,Whetherhewillcomeornotisnotknown.,6.在名词reason后的表语从句必须用that引导,不可误用because.,Thereasonwhyheisoftenlateforclassisthathehasthebadhabitofgettinguplateinthemorning.,16从句的种类,【从句的种类】（讲解2）,二、定语从句,1.引导定语从句的关系词有who,whom,whose,that,when,where,why,which.在非限制定语从句中,只可用which,who,whose,where,when.如果指代前面整个句子,多用which.,Thedogthat/whichwaslosthasbeenfound.Thosewhoareinfavoroftheproposalareexpectedtodiscussitindetailafterthemeeting.Therearemanyorganizationswhosepurposeistohelpthehomeless.Thedayswhenwehadtorelyonwool,cottonorsilkforourclotheshavenowpassed.Airmovesfromplaceswherethepressurewashightoplaceswherethepressureislow.Thisisthereasonwhyherefusedtohelpus.Hewasbornin1976,whenanearthquakestruckthecountry.Theyturnedablindeyetothesufferingofthepeople,whichenragedallofus.,16从句的种类,【从句的种类】（讲解2）,2.当引导定语从句的先行词前有all,any,no,little,much,veryfirst等词,或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时,或先行词为all,anything,nothing,something,everything时,从句的引导词只能用that.,Theonlythingthatmatterstothechildrenishowsoontheycanhavetheirholiday.Thesearetheverypointsthatpuzzleme.Isthereanythingthatbothersyou?Thisisthebestfilmthatwaseverproducedbythecompany.,3.as可做引导词引导定语从句,多和such,thesame连用.As引导的定语从句也可修饰整个句子,既可放在先行词后,也可放在句子开头.,Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays.Theboywasrunoverbyamotor-car,asoftenhappenedinpre-liberationShanghai.Asisoftenthecase,thegirlforgottobringherdictionary.Weareopposedtosuchideasasarenotbaseduponobjectivefacts.,16从句的种类,【从句的种类】（讲解2）,4.介词+which/whom/whose从句.,Thedriveristhemanfromwhoseroomshehadstolenthegoldwatch.Languageisatoolbymeansofwhichpeoplecommunicateideaswitheachother.Janespentalleveningtalkingaboutherlatestbook,ofwhichnoneofushadeverheard.,例:Waterdissolvesapartofnearlyeverything_itcomesincontact.A.whereB.thatC.withwhichD.assoonas,5.代/名+介词+which从句.,Heisneedingabook,thenameofwhichIdontknow.Infactoriesandinourdailylife,therearemanywastematerials,allofwhichcanheturnedintousefulthingsundercertaincondition.Tomakeanobjectivetesttheteacherwritesaseriesofquestions,eachofwhichhasonlyonecorrectanswer.,16从句的种类,【从句的种类】（讲解2）,6.同位语从句和定语从句.,ThenewsthathehasbeenadmittedbyHarvardUniversityisverypleasing.Thenewstheyoutoldmewasreallyexciting.,7.难句.,Heisoneofthemenwhowerechosentorepresentthegroup.Heistheonlyoneofthoseboyswhoiswillingtotakeonanotherassignment.Ishallneverforgetthedaywhenwefirstmet.Irememberthemorningwhenhefirstcametoschool.IshallneverforgetthedayswhichIspentinthecountryside.Theroomwherehelivediskeptingoodrepair.Thewayinwhich/thatyouansweredthequestionswasadmirable.,例:Alvafoundaplaceinthecellar_heusesashisfirstlaboratory.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.inwhich,17宾语从句,【宾语从句】（讲解3）,三、宾语从句:,一个句子如果加上宾语从句,句子显然变复杂了,也变的difficult了,其实,你大可不必发愁.只要掌握好宾语从句的用法,一切问题就迎刃而解了.,1、宾语从句由关系代词或关系副词引出.,（1）以that引导的宾语从句.如:Ihearthatyouhavepassedtheexamination.Goodluck!,（2）以if和whether引导的宾语从句.如:Idontknowifyoucancometomorrow.,（3）以连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句.如:Pleasetellmehowyoucangethere.,2、运用宾语从句要注意以下几点:,宾语从句的语序一定是陈述句语序.,注意:主句的谓语动词的时态如果是过去时态,宾语从句谓语动词的时态要选用相应的过去某一种形式.如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理,事实时,即使主句是过去式,从句仍用一般现在时.,17宾语从句,【宾语从句】（练习1）,1.SheaskedmeifIknew_.,A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit,2.Idontknow_hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.,A.whetherB.whereC.whatD.when,3.Idontknow_hewillcometomorrow._hecomes,Illtellyou.,A.if,whetherB.whether,whetherC.if,ThatD.if,If,【宾语从句】（练习1）,4.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.,A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whereisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockinginD.whatintheirstockings,5.Canyoutellme_?,A.whendoestheshipleaveB.whentheshipwillleaveC.whentheshipleaveD.whenwilltheshipleave,6.Canyoutellme_?,A.whendidhecomeB.whenhecameC.whendidhecameD.hecamewhen,17宾语从句,【宾语从句】（练习1）,7.Canyoutellme_theradio?,A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended,8.Heaskedhisfather_.,A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen,9.Ididntknowwhatcolour_.,A.isthebagB.thebagisC.wasthebagD.thebagwas,17宾语从句,【宾语从句】（练习2）,1.Weare_goingtothefactoryandworkthere.,A.brieflyB.latelyC.recentlyD.shortly,2.Formoststudents,theirteachersadviceismoreimportantthan_oftheirparents.,A.oneB.whatC.whichD.that,3.Theytalkedinalowvoice_beheardbyothers.,A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.soasto,17宾语从句,【宾语从句】（练习2）,4.Notuntilthisevening_thatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.,A.IdidknowB.didIknowC.IknewD.Ihaveknown,5.Wearelookingforwardtoseeingyouagain,andwellbeverydisappointedifyou_.,A.didntcomeB.haventcomeC.wontcomeD.dontcome,6.IfI_thereearlier,I_him.,A.hadarrived,wouldhavemetB.havearrived,wouldhaveC.arrived,havemetD.arrived,hadmet,17宾语从句,【宾语从句】（练习2）,7.Lilyissaid_forLondonlastmonth.,A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tobeleavingD.tobeleft,8.Lifeonearth_impossibleunlesswestopdestroyingtheforestandpoisoningtheoceans.,A.wasB.hasbeenC.willhavebeenD.willbe,9.Thetwinswillgofishingwithusthisweekend_theyarefree.,A.thoughB.ifC.whetherD.but,17宾语从句,【宾语从句】（练习2）,10.-_wegoat8:00?-Whatabout_italittleearlier?,A.Shall,makingB.Shall,tomakeC.Will,makingD.Will,make,11.NewYorkisbiggerthan_intheUnitedStates.,A.anyothercityB.anycitiesC.anycityD.othercities,12.Hermother_formorethanthreeyears.,A.hasdiedB.haddiedC.isdeadD.hasbeendead,17宾语从句,【宾语从句】（练习2）,13.Alltheguests_gottotheclassroomontime.,A.invitedB.beinginvitedC.invitingD.tobeinvited,14.Attwelvethatnightwearrivedinthevillage_weonceliveD.,A.whatB.whichC.whereD.that,15.Heranfromhousetohouse,_peoplethegoodnews.,A.toldB.tellingC.tellD.totell,17宾语从句,18状语从句,【状语从句】（讲解4）,四、状语从句:,修饰主句中的动词,形容词和副词,通常有从属连词引导,与主句连接,放在句末时,一般不在前面加逗号.,按其意义和作用可分为时间,地点,条件,原因,让步,目的,结果,方式,比较等.,18状语从句,【状语从句】（讲解4）,18状语从句,【状语从句】（讲解4）,18状语从句,【状语从句】（讲解4）,18状语从句,【状语从句】（讲解4）,18状语从句,【状语从句】（讲解4）,【状语从句】（练习1）,1.Shewillfindhimakindmanwhenshe_him.,A.knowsB.knowC.willknowD.isgoingtoknow,2.Wellgooutforawalkassoonasit_.,A.stopsrainingB.rainingC.stoptorainD.rain,3.Thefilmwas_interesting_everyonewantedtoseeitagain.,A.too,toB.so,thatC.not,untilD.very,that,18状语从句,【状语从句】（练习1）,4.Wedontunderstandthepassage_thereisfewwordsinit.,A.andB.ifC.thoughD.because,5.Youaresuretopasstheexam_youstudyhard.,A.ifB.thoughC.thatD.when,6.Ifyou_freetomorrow,wewontgoforapicnic.,A.arentB.wontbeC.werentD.dont,18状语从句,【状语从句】（练习1）,7.WhatwasJimdoing_theteachercamein?,A.whileB.andC.whenD.but,8.Youmuststop_thepolicemansay:stop!,A.thatB.ifC.thenD.until,9.-TheboyfailedtopasstheEnglishexamination.-_hedidntworkhard.,A.IfB.BecauseC.WhenD.So,18状语从句,【状语从句】（练习2）,1.Igetup_halfpastsixeveryday.,A.inB.onC.atD.for,2.IheardRobin_anEnglishsonglastnight.,A.sangB.tosingC.singD.sung,3.Isthere_intodaysnewspaper?,A.importantsomethingB.somethingimportantC.importantanythingD.anythingimportant,18状语从句,【状语从句】（练习2）,4._fineweatheritis!,A.WhataB.WhatanC.HowD.What,5.“Whereareyourbikes?”“_isundertree,and_besidethewall.”,A.Mine,herB.Me,hisC.Mine,hisD.His,her,6._studentslistenedtothereport.,A.FourhundredB.FourhundredofC.FourhundredsofD.Fourhundreds,18状语从句,【状语从句】（练习2）,7.Footballwasoncea_game,butnowmoreandmoregirlsenjoyplayingit.,A.boysB.boysC.boyssD.girls,8.Dontmove,_Iwillkillyou!,A.andB.orC.soD.but,9.Thereis_inkinmypen.Willyoupleasegiveme_drops?,A.afew,alittleB.few,littleC.little,afewD.little,alittle,18状语从句,【状语从句】（练习2）,10.Theycouldhardlybelieveit,_?,A.couldnttheyB.couldtheyC.canttheyD.canthey,11.MayIsmokehere?No,you_.,A.cantB.needntC.mustntD.maynot,12.Hisfather_forsixyears.,A.hasdiedB.hasbeendeadC.hasdeadD.hasbeendeath,18状语从句,18状语从句,【状语从句】（练习2）,13.Thereis_umbrellaintheroom._umbrellaisinthecorner.,A.the,theB.a,TheC.an,TheD.an,A,14.Itwas_theChristmasEvethatIfirstsawhim.,A.atB.inC.onD.by,15.Shehasanpencilinonehand,apenin_.,A.othersB.anotherC.theotherD.theothers,
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