管理学习题4

Management, 11e (Robbins/Coulter)Chapter 4 Managing Diversity1) Workplace diversity refers exclusively to the differences between employee characteristics.Answer: FALSEPage Ref: 99Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual2) The concept of workforce diversity expanded from compliance to an issue of business survival during the early 1980s. Answer: FALSEPage Ref: 99Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual3) Demographic characteristics such as differences in age, gender, race, etc. reflect surface-level diversity among employees.Answer: TRUEPage Ref: 100Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual4) Deep-level diversity refers to easily perceived differences that may trigger certain stereotypes, but that do not necessarily reflect the ways people think or feel.Answer: FALSEPage Ref: 100Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual5) One of the strategic benefits of workplace diversity is that it can be viewed as moral and ethical, as well as the right thing to do.Answer: TRUEPage Ref: 100Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual6) Recent research indicates that people management benefits might be hard to come by in teams performing more interdependent tasks over a long period of time.Answer: TRUEPage Ref: 101Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 1Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual7) An important impact that workplace diversity has on organizational performance is through the increase in employee turnover.Answer: FALSEPage Ref: 101Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual8) According to projections of the U.S. population, the ethnic groups that will exhibit the maximum change are the Hispanic and African American populations.Answer: FALSEPage Ref: 102Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 2Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual9) The main reason for the predicted stabilization of world population growth by 2050 is the decline in birthrates as nations advance economically.Answer: TRUEPage Ref: 104Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 2Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual10) People aged 65 and older are expected to soon outnumber children under age 5 for the first time in history.Answer: TRUEPage Ref: 104Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 2Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual11) Worldwide population trends indicate that we will witness dwindling labor supply and increasing total global savings rates.Answer: FALSEPage Ref: 105Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 2Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual12) Employers generally tend to view older workers as not being flexible or adaptable and being more resistant to new technology.Answer: TRUEPage Ref: 105Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual13) Women and men now each make up almost half of the workforce in the U.S.Answer: TRUEPage Ref: 106Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual14) Research indicates that men tend to prefer jobs that encourage work-life balance more than women do.Answer: FALSEPage Ref: 106Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual15) Men are found to follow a nurturing, inclusive, and collaborative style of leadership, in contrast to women.Answer: FALSEPage Ref: 106Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual16) In the job setting, African Americans are found to receive lower job performance ratings, be paid less, and promoted less frequently than their White counterparts.Answer: TRUEPage Ref: 107Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual17) Employers are justified if they do not hire workers with disabilities as they lack job skills and experience necessary to perform as well as their abled counterparts.Answer: FALSEPage Ref: 108Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual18) U.S. federal law does not prohibit discrimination against employees on the basis of sexual orientation.Answer: TRUEPage Ref: 109Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual19) Men are more likely than women to start out in an entry-level position, even when they have the same educational qualifications.Answer: FALSEPage Ref: 112Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 4Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual20) Our human nature is to not accept or approach anything thats different from us.Answer: TRUEPage Ref: 115Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 5Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual21) The ways in which people in an organization are different from and similar to one another is known as _.A) business etiquetteB) work cultureC) workplace diversityD) organizational democracyAnswer: CPage Ref: 99Topic: Who Are Leaders, and What is Leadership?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual22) According to the Society for Human Resource Management, diversity _.A) is the collective strength of experiences, skills, talents, perspectives, and cultures that each agent and employee brings to his/her organizationB) refers to the ways in which people in an organization are different from and similar to one anotherC) is an array of physical and cultural differences that constitute the spectrum of human differencesD) is often used to refer to differences based on ethnicity, gender, age, religion, disability, national origin, and sexual orientationAnswer: DPage Ref: 99Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual23) The period of time between the 1960s to 1970s focused on _.A) assimilating minorities and women into the corporate settingB) making employees more aware and sensitive to the needs and differences of othersC) diversity and inclusion for business success, profitability, and growthD) complying with laws and regulations through affirmative action policies and programsAnswer: DPage Ref: 99Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual24) During which era was the term workforce diversity first used?A) new milleniumB) late 1980sC) 1960s to 1970sD) early 1980sAnswer: BPage Ref: 99Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual25) Which of the following was a feature of the period from the late 1980s to the late 1990s in terms of workplace diversity?A) shifting from compliance and focusing only on women and minorities to including everyoneB) focusing on complying with laws and regulations, such as Title VII of the Civil Rights ActC) seeing workplace diversity as a core business issue, important to achieve business success, profitability, and growthD) developing corporate programs to help improve self-confidence and qualifications of diverse individuals so they can fit inAnswer: APage Ref: 99Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual26) In terms of workplace diversity, the New Millenium has witnessed increased focus on _.A) complying with laws and regulations laid down by the Equal Employment Opportunity CommissionB) assimilating minorities and women employees into the corporate settingC) shifting from compliance to include everyone in diversification effortsD) diversity and inclusion for business success, profitability, and growthAnswer: DPage Ref: 99Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual27) Jeff is an employee with the accounting department at a major shipping service provider in Texas. Soon after he joined following his graduation, his company developed corporate programs to help improve self-confidence and qualifications of diverse employees so they could fit in. During which period of time did Jeff start working for his employers?A) New milleniumB) 1960s to 1970sC) Early 1980sD) Late 1980s to late 1990sAnswer: CPage Ref: 99AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: 1Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Application28) Which of the following demographic characteristics reflects surface-level diversity?A) differences in valuesB) ethnicityC) personalityD) work preferencesAnswer: BPage Ref: 100Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual29) Differences arising from which of the following factors becomes more important to people as they get to know each other?A) genderB) ethnicityC) raceD) personalityAnswer: DPage Ref: 100Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual30) Which of the following benefits of workplace diversity is categorized as strategic?A) better use of talentB) improved system flexibilityC) potential to improve market shareD) reduced costs associated with high turnoverAnswer: CPage Ref: 100Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual31) Which of the following people management benefits arises from workplace diversity?A) improved system flexibilityB) potential to increase market shareC) increased understanding of the marketplaceD) better use of employee talentAnswer: DPage Ref: 100Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual32) Which of the following benefits of workplace diversity is attributed to organizational performance?A) reduced costs associated with high turnover and absenteeismB) potential source of competitive advantage from improved innovation effortsC) increased understanding of the marketplace and improved ability to better market to diverse customersD) ability to attract and retain employees of diverse backgroundsAnswer: APage Ref: 100Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual33) Amanda works as a technical support executive at ColoWare Systems. Which of the following factors, if true, could trigger certain stereotypes about Amanda among her co-workers, though not necessarily reflecting the way they feel or think about her?A) Amanda does not believe in engaging in gossip about her coworkers.B) Amanda prefers working late every evening to working over the weekend.C) Amanda has a Swedish mother and an African American father.D) Amanda tends to dominate discussions among her co-workers.Answer: CPage Ref: 100AACSB: Analytic SkillsObjective: 1Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Application34) How does surface-level diversity differ from deep-level diversity?A) Surface-level diversity is reflected by differences in personality and values, while deep-level diversity is influenced by age and ethnic differences.B) Surface-level diversity can affect the way people view organizational rewards and their communication with other, while deep-level diversity do not necessarily reflect the ways people think or feel.C) Surface-level diversity can affect the way people perceive others, especially in terms of assumptions or stereotyping, while deep-level diversity may affect general behavior of people at work.D) Surface-level diversity becomes more important as people get to know each other, while deep-level diversity becomes less relevant with increasing familiarity between people.Answer: CPage Ref: 100Objective: 1Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual35) Which of the following correctly reflects the characteristics of the current U.S. population?A) Nearly one in five Americans today is an immigrant.B) The median age of the U.S. population has risen significantly over the last decade.C) The Asian population in the United States is presently the largest ethnic group.D) The Hispanic community represents nearly one-third of the total U.S. population.Answer: BPage Ref: 103Topic: Who Are Managers?Objective: 1Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual36) Which of the following statements is true of the changing trends in U.S. workplaces?A) The surge in immigration, especially over the last two decades, has flooded the United States with low-wage foreign labor.B) Organizations must recognize that they cant expect employees to assimilate into the organization by adopting similar attitudes and values.C) In most U.S. metropolitan cities, more immigrants are employed in low-wage jobs like construction, cleaning, or manufacturing, than in white-collar occupations.D) People now entering the workforce are significantly older, less ethnically diverse and/or natively-born.Answer: BPage Ref: 103Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 2Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual37) The total world population in 2010 is estimated at almost 7 billion individuals. The total world population is forecasted to hit 9 billion by 2050, at which point the United Nations predicts the total population will either stabilize or peak after growing for centuries at an ever-accelerating rate. The main reason for this major shift is _.A) the unprecedented rate at which world population is agingB) the decline in birthrates as nations advance economicallyC) the high level of mobility of the international workforce across national bordersD) the alarming rate of depletion of natural resources necessary for sustaining the populationAnswer: BPage Ref: 104Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 2Difficulty: DifficultClassification: Conceptual38) Which of the following trends has been observed in the world population in terms of aging?A) People aged 65 and older will soon outnumber children under age 5 for the first time in history.B) The worlds population aged 80 and over is projected to shrink to less than half its current estimate between the years 2008 and 2040.C) The worlds population is growing younger at a faster rate than it did in comparison with the previous two centuries.D) As nations have advanced economically, birthrates have increased in proportion and contributed to the subsequent decrease in the median age of the worlds population.Answer: APage Ref: 104Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 2Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual39) Trends observed in the shifting world population indicate that people aged 65 or more will soon outnumber those aged 5 or less. Also, the worlds population aged over 80 is expected to nearly triple by the year 2040. Which of the following is a likely implication of such population trends? A) decreasing demands on social entitlement programsB) increasing global savings ratesC) dwindling labor supplyD) decreasing preference for white-collar occupationsAnswer: CPage Ref: 105Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 2Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual40) Which of the following perceptions do employers typically have of older employees?A) lack of sound judgementB) resistant to new technologyC) weak work ethicD) uncommitted to doing quality workAnswer: BPage Ref: 105Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual41) What positive perception do employers typically have of older employees?A) enthusiastic towards new technologyB) open to changeC) strong work ethicD) flexible and adaptableAnswer: CPage Ref: 105Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual42) Which of the following statements is true of gender diversity in workplaces?A) No consistent male-female differences exist in problem-solving ability, analytical skills, competitive drive, motivation, sociability, or learning ability.B) Today, men make up nearly two-thirds of the workforce, while women account for the remaining third.C) Affirmative action policies have resulted in women, generally, starting their careers at higher levels than men.D) Despite the disparity in representation in the workforce, women earn nearly as much as men do on a median basis.Answer: APage Ref: 106Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 3Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual43) In which of the following areas is consistent male-female differences observed?A) problem-solving abilityB) sociabilityC) work schedule preferencesD) competitive driveAnswer: CPage Ref: 106Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual44) Which of the following managerial styles is traditionally considered to be masculine?A) nurturingB) leading by exampleC) collaborativeD) inclusiveAnswer: BPage Ref: 106Topic: What Is Management?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual45) Which of the following managerial styles is traditionally considered to be feminine?A) authoritativeB) leading by exampleC) inclusiveD) being directiveAnswer: CPage Ref: 106Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual46) _ is the biological heritage (including physical characteristics such as ones skin color and associated traits) that people use to identify themselves.A) NationalityB) EthnicityC) CultureD) RaceAnswer: DPage Ref: 107Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual47) _ refers to the social traits that are shared by a human population.A) RaceB) AncestryC) NationalityD) EthnicityAnswer: DPage Ref: 107Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual48) Which of the following statements is true of the findings of studies on race and ethnicity in the workplace?A) Whites favor affirmative action programs and policies to a far greater degree than do African Americans.B) African Americans generally do worse than Whites in decisions related to the workplace.C) Individuals in workplaces tend to favor colleagues of a race other than their own in performance evaluations, promotion decisions, and pay raises.D) Whites and African-Americans display statistically significant and consistent differences in absenteeism rates, applied social skills at work, and accident rates.Answer: BPage Ref: 107Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: ModerateClassification: Conceptual49) Which of the following racial groups have been the focus of most race and ethnographic studies of workplace diversity in the U.S.?A) Hispanics and AsiansB) Whites and Native AmericansC) African Americans and WhitesD) Asians and African AmericansAnswer: CPage Ref: 107Topic: What Do Managers Do?Objective: 3Difficulty: EasyClassification: Conceptual50) Which of the following statements is true of employing disabled employees?A) Hiring people with disabilities leads to higher employment costs and lower profit margins.B) Workers with disabilities lack job skills and experience necessary to perform as well as their abled counterparts.C) Employees with disabilities are exempt from potential disciplinary action and there are high costs associated with accommodating disabled employees.D) A person with a disability for whom wo