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一、必背单词1.abroad 国外2.absence n. 缺席 (absent adj.)3.accepted (NMET1997)4.accident事故 (accidental adj. 偶然的,accidentally adv. 偶然地)5.achievement成就 (achieve v. 获得)6.address地址7.admire钦佩8.admitting (2000北京春季卷)9.agreement 协议10.agriculture农业 (agricultural adj. 农业的)11.altogether总共12.ancient 古代的13.announced(NMET1999)14.anxiety 忧虑 (anxious adj. 焦急的,anxiously adv. 焦急地)15.apologize v. 道歉 (apology n. 道歉apologetic adj. 道歉的,apologetically adv.道歉地)16.apologize/apologise (2000全国卷)17.appreciate感激/欣赏 (感激人用thank sb;谢谢某人做的事用appreciate sth.)18.Asian(NMET1996)19.assistant 助手20.astonish吃惊 (astonishment n. 吃惊,astonishing,astonished)21.astronaut 宇航员22.atmosphere气氛23.attempt尝试 (可作名词也可作动词)24.attentively 专心地25.attentively(NMET1996)26.attitude 态度27.attract 吸引 (attraction吸引力)28.average 平均29.average(NMET1999)30.balance平衡31.beauty 美 (beautiful)32.believe相信 (belief n. 信念,其复数是beliefs)33.beyond超过34.biology生物35.birthday生日36.bravery 勇敢37.broadcast(NMET1996)38.broadcast广播 (过去式、过去分词同原形)39.carefully 小心 (carefully)40.ceiling天花板41.celebrated (2000北京春季卷)42.celebration 庆祝 (celebrate n. 庆祝)43.century 世纪44.challenge 挑战45.character 性格46.charge收费47.cinema电影院48.comfort v. & n. 安慰 (comfortable adj. comfortably adv.舒适地)49.comfortably(NMET1997)50.comment 评论51.communication 交流52.competition 竞赛 (compete v. 竞赛competitor 竞赛者)53.composition 作文54.concert 音乐会55.conclude v. conclusion n. 结论56.condition情况 (conditions条件)57.confessing (2000北京春季卷)58.congratulations 祝贺 (congratulate v.)59.constantly 不断地60.construction(NMET1996)61.continue继续62.contribution 贡献 (contribute v.)63.conveniently方便 (convenient adj.)64.conversation 谈话65.coughing(NMET1997)66.cousin表兄弟67.cruelty 残酷 (cruel adj. cruelly adv.)68.curious 好奇 (curiosity n. 好奇)69.curious(NMET1996)70.customer 顾客71.customers (2000北京春季卷)72.custom习俗73.damage损坏74.declared(NMET1999)75.delicious 美味76.destroy毁灭 (其过去式是destroyed)77.determined 有决心的78.develop发展 (development n. developing 发展中的,developed发达的)79.dialogue 对话80.diary 日记 (dairy 奶制品)81.difference 不同点 (有复数形式)82.disappointed失望 (disappointing 让人失望的)83.disappointment 失望84.discovery 发现 (其复数是discoveries,其动词是discover,discoverer发现者)85.disturb打扰86.dollar美元 (其复数是dollars)87.downstairs楼下88.dream梦想 (其过去式是dreamed或dreamt)89.electricity电 (electrical电的,electric 电的)90.employ 雇用 (employment n. employer 雇主,employee雇员)91.empty倒空 (可用动词,其过去式是emptied)92.encourage鼓励 (encouraging, encouraged, encouragement n.)93.energy能量94.envelope 信封95.envy n. 妒忌 (envious adj.)96.equal(NMET1998)97.equipment设备98.especially 尤其是99.essential(NMET1999)100.European 欧洲人101.event事件102.excellent极好 (excellence n. excellently adv.)103.exhibition(NMET1997)104.exhibition展览105.expense 耗费106.experience 经验 (experienced 有经验的)107.expert 专家108.expression 表达109.failure 失败 (fail v.)110.familiar(NMET1999)111.familiar熟悉的112.favorite 最喜爱的 (即作形容词也作名词,作名词时有复数)113.figure人物/数字114.finger手指115.flight飞行116.forehead前额117.foreign(NMET1998)118.fortunately幸运地119.forward向前120.freezing 极冷的 (frozen 冷冻的)121.frequently 经常地122.furniture 家具123.further进一步的124.generally (2000全国卷)125.geography地理126.Germany德国127.government(NMET1996)128.gradually逐渐地129.graduation毕业 (graduate)130.grammar语法131.habits (NMET1997)132.handkerchiefs (2000北京春季卷)133.honesty 诚实 (honest)134.honor/honour 荣誉135.imagination 想象力 (imagine v.)136.immediate (2000北京春季卷)137.immediately马上138.impress 印象 (impression n.)139.incident小事件140.including包括 (include v.)141.indispensable (NMET1999)142.industry工业 (industrial adj. 工业的)143.information 信息144.inspire激励 (inspiration n. inspiring, inspired)145.institute学院146.instrument 仪器147.interest 兴趣148.interrupt 打断149.interrupt打断150.introduce介绍 (introduction n.)151.irregular 不规则的152.journey旅程153.judge判断 (judgment)154.kindergarten幼儿园155.knowledge 知识156.labor/labour劳动157.late1y(NMET1999)158.laughter笑声159.lawyer律师160.librarian图书馆理员161.loss损失 (lose, lost 是其动词形式)162.luckily幸运地163.magazine杂志164.majority (2000北京春季卷)165.majority大多数166.manage 设法 (manager, management)167.market(2000全国卷)168.marriage 结婚 (marry v. 结婚,married已婚的)169.material(s)/cloth(NMET1996)170.material物质/材料171.mayor市长172.mean (NMET1999)173.measure测量174.medal 奖章 (比较:model 模型)175.memory记忆力 (memorize v. 记住,remember 记得)176.messages (2000全国卷)177.metal 金属178.modern现代的179.modest谦虚的180.monitor 班长/监控181.moustache 胡子182.murder谋杀 (murderer 凶手)183.musician 音乐家184.mysterious 神秘的 (mystery 神秘)185.nationality国籍 (nation 国家,national国家的)186.naturally(NMET1998)187.naughty 淘气的188.necessary(NMET1999)189.ninth(NMET1998)190.normal 正常的191.obey (NMET1997)192.obviously明显的193.offering (2000全国卷)194.operation手术195.opportunity 机会196.ordinary 普通的197.organized/organised(NMET1996)198.particularly 特别是199.passenger 旅客200.passengers(NMET1999)201.patience耐心 (patiently)202.patient病人/耐心203.perfect 完美 (perfectly)204.performed(2000北京春季卷)205.perhaps 或许206.period 时期207.permission许可208.persuaded(NMET1996)209.phenomena 现象210.physicist 物理学家211.pilots (2000全国卷)212.poisonous 有毒的 (poison)213.political 政治的 (politics)214.popular受欢迎的215.population人口216.position 职位217.possibility(-ies)可能性 (possible 可能的)218.poverty 贫穷 (poor)219.poverty贫穷220.practical (NMET1997)221.preparing(NMET1998)222.pressure(NMET1997)223.pretend假装224.professor 教授225.profit 利润226.progress进步227.pronunciation (2000北京春季卷)228.provide 提供 (比较:offer, supply)229.public 公众230.purpose目的231.quality(NMET1996)232.quantity数量233.realistic(NMET1997)234.receive 收到235.recently(NMET1999)236.recognised/recognized(NMET1999)237.recognize 认出 (recognition 承认)238.regards 问候239.remind提醒240.repeat (repetition)重复241.respect尊敬242.restaurant 餐馆243.restaurants(NMET1999) 244.satisfaction满意 (satisfy, satisfied, satisfying)245.satisfactory 满意的246.Saturday(NMET1998)247.scientific 科学的248.scientific科学的249.secretary秘书250.secretly (2000北京春季卷)251.separately单独地252.separates (NMET1998)253.serious 严重的 (seriously)254.service服务255.shortcoming缺点256.silence 安静 (silent)257.similar (2000北京春季卷)258.similar 类似的 (similarity ies相似之处)259.situation形势/情况260.slightly(2000全国卷)261.society 社会 (social adj. 社会的)262.southern(2000全国卷)263.special特别的264.species 物种 (单复数同形)265.spring(NMET1997)266.square 平方267.stolen(2000全国卷)268.straight(NMET1997)269.suitable合适的270.support支持271.surprise吃惊272.surround 包围273.swimming(NMET1998)274.technique 技术 (technical adj.)275.technology技术276.temperature温度277.theory 理论278.thirsty口渴279.thorough (NMET1997)280.total合计281.traffic 交通282.translated(NMET1998)283.translation 翻译 (translator翻译家,interpret 解说, interpreter 口语翻译)284.umbrella(NMET1999)285.umbrella伞286.unusually不寻常 (unusual不寻常的)287.unwilling 不愿意 (willing adj. 愿意 will n. 意志)288.upstairs(2000全国卷)289.upstairs楼上290.vacation假期291.various各种各样的 (variety n. 种类)292.victim受害者293.victory胜利294.vocabulary词汇295.voyage航行296.waste (NMET1999)297.wealth财富298.weather(NMET1998)299.whisper 低语300.worship崇拜301.youth年轻人 (复数加-s)302.zero 零习惯用语和固定搭配a bit (of) 有一点,一会儿a few 一些,少量 a great deal 大量,许多 a good/great many 大量,许多 a kind of 一种,一类 a little 一点,少许 a lot of 许多,大量 a number of 一些,许多 a pair of 一双,一副 a piece of 一块,一张,一根,一片 above all 首先,首要 according to 根据,按照 add up to 合计达 after all 毕竟,终究 after class 课后 again and again 反复地,再三地 agree to do sth. 同意做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的看法,与某人看法一致 ahead of 在之前 all in all 总的来说,总计 all kinds of 各种各样的 all over 到处,遍及,结束 all right 行了,好吧,(病)好了 all the best 一切顺利,万事如意 answer for 对负责 apart from 除去,除了 arrive at (in) a place 到达某地 as a matter of fact 事实上,其实 as a result (作为)结果 as.as 像,如同 as soon as 一就 as far as (表示程度,范围)就;尽 as if 好像,仿佛 as long as 只要 as though 好像,仿佛 as usual 通常,平常地 as well 也,还有 as well as 除之外(也) belong to 属于be proud of 骄傲,自豪 be strict with 对严格要求 both.and 两个都,既又 break away from 脱离 break down 损坏; (把化合物等) 分解,(汽车)抛锚 break in 闯入,强行进入,插嘴,打断 break off 打断; 折断break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生,爆发 break up 分解;分裂 bring in 引来,引进,吸收 bring on 引起,导致,使前进 bring up 教育,培养 build up 逐步建立by accident 偶然 by air ( bus, train, ship ) 乘飞机(公共汽车,火车,轮船) by and by 不久以后,逐渐地 by day 日间,在白天 by the way 顺便说 call for 提倡,号召, 需要 call in 召来,召集 call on 拜访,访问 call up 号召,打电话 care for 喜欢;照顾(病人) carry off 携走,夺走 carry on 继续下去; 继续开展 carry out 开展,执行 catch up with 赶上(或超过) change into 转换成,把变成 check in 报到,登记 check out 查明; 结账 clear up 整理,收拾, (天气)放晴 come about 发生,产生 come across (偶然)遇见(或发现) come back 回来,想起来 come down 落,下来 come from 出生(于),来自 come in 进入,进来 come off 从离开,脱落 come on 来吧,赶快 come out 出来,(书等)出版,发行 come to 共计,达到 come true 变为现实,成为事实 come up 上来,上升,抬头 come up with 追上,赶上;想出(主意);找出(答案) compare to 与相比 compare with 与相比 congratulate.on 祝贺 connect to 连接,相连 connect with 与相连 cut down 砍倒 cut off 切断 cut up 齐根割掉,切碎 day and night 日日夜夜 do ones best 尽最大的努力 deal with 处理,对付 depend on (upon) 依靠,相信,信赖 die out 消失,灭亡 different from 与不同 divide up 分配 divide.into. 把分成 do some cleaning (shopping) 做扫除(买东西) dozens of 几十 drop in 顺便走访(某人) due to 由于,因为 each other 相互 earn ones living 谋生 either.or 或者或者 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 even if 即使,尽管 even though 即使,尽管 ever since 自那时起直到现在 face to face 面对面 fall asleep 入睡 fall ill 患病,病倒 far away 遥远的 far from 远离 feel like doing 想要, 感觉要 figure out 理解,想明白 fill . with 用填充 fill in 填充 find out 查明,发现,了解 first of all 首先 for ever 永远 for example 例如 for good 永远 from now on 从今以后,今后 from then on 从那时起 from. to 从到 from time to time 不时,偶尔 get along with 与相处 get away 逃; 离 get back 返回; 回来; 回家 get close (to) 接近 get down 降下 get down to 开始认真(做某事) get in 进入, 收获,达到 get off 脱下(衣服等);下车 get on 上车;过活 get on with sb. 与相处 get through 通过,拨通(电话) get together 聚会,联欢 get up 起床 give away 分发 give back 归还;送回 give in 屈服,让步 give out 分发 give up 放?go ahead 走在前面,领先;干吧,干下去 go away 走开,离去 go by 走过; 经过; 过去 go fishing (shopping, skat ing) (去)钓鱼(买东西,滑冰) go for 主张 go for a walk 散步 go in for 参加,喜欢 go off 走开 go on 继续 go on doing. 继续干某事,不停地干某事 go on with 继续 go out 出去, 熄灭 go over 仔细检查,复习 go through 浏览; 翻阅,通过 grow up 长大成人,成长 had better (do) 最好(做) hand in 上交; 交纳 hand out 分发 have a cold 患感冒 hang on (打电话时)不挂断,等待片刻 hang up 挂断电话 have a gift for 对有天赋 have a good time 玩得高兴,过得愉快 have classes 上课 have fun with 玩得高兴 have got to 不得不;必须 have to 不得不;必须 hear of 听说,知道 hear from 收到的来信 help oneself to 请随便吃点 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 help.out 帮助某人解决困难 hold on 等一等(别挂电话) hold ones breath 不出气,屏住呼吸 hold out 伸出;坚持,维持 hold up 阻挡,使停顿 hundreds of 几百,成百上千 hurry up 赶快,快点 in a hurry 匆忙,很快地 in all 总之 in a word 简言之,总之in common 共同,共有 in debt 欠债 in danger 处在危险状态 in fact 事实上,实际上 in front of 在前面 in need of 需要,缺少 in order 按顺序 in order that 为了 in order to 为了 in other words 换句话说 in peace 安静,宁静 in public 当众;公开 in surprise 吃惊,惊讶 in the end 最后,终于 in time 及时,来得及 instead of 代替,而不是 join in 参加,加入 join up 联合起来,联结起来 just now 现在,刚才 keep back 留下 keep doing sth. 继续做某事 keep off 勿踏; 勿踩 keep on 继续(进行) keep ones word 守信 keep up 保持; 维持; 继续 knock at 敲 knock into sb. 撞上 laugh at 嘲笑 lead to 导致,导向 let in 让进来,放进 let out 放掉, 泄露 live on 以为主食,靠为生 look after 照顾 look ahead 向前看,展望未来 look down upon 看不起,轻视 look for 寻找 look forward to 盼望 look into 向里面看去; 调查look out 留神,当心 look through 看穿, 浏览 look up 查找 lots of 许多,大量 make a face 做鬼脸,做苦脸 make friends with 与交朋友make up 和解,化装 make up of 由组成,构成 make up ones mind 下决心 millions of 成百万上千万,数以百万计more or less 或多或少 neither.nor 既不也不 next to 紧接着,相邻,次于 no doubt 无疑地 no longer 不再 not any more 不再 not at all 一点也不,绝非 not only . but also 不仅而且 not so.as 不像,不如 not till/until 直到才 now and then 不时,偶尔 now that 既然 of course 当然 on (the, an) average 平均,按平均数计算 on duty 值日,值班 on foot 走路,步行 on show 展出,在上演(放映) on time 准时 on/over the radio 通过收音机 once again 再一次 once more 再一次 once upon a time 从前,很久以前 one after another 一个接一个 open up 开启;开创; 开辟 or else 否则,要不然 ought to 应该 out of breath 上气不接下气 out of order 运转不正常,出毛病 out of work 失业 over and over again 反复,多次重复 pass by 经过 pay attention to 注意 pay back 偿还(借款等) pay for 付款 pay off 偿清(欠款等) persuade sb. to do 说服 pick out 选出 pick up 拾起,捡起, 接收;开车去接 point out 指出 point to 指向 prevent . from 妨碍, 防止, 预防 put away 储存 put down 记下 put off 推迟 put on 穿,戴上,上演 put on a performance 演出 put on weight 发福,增加体重 put out 扑灭,关熄 put up 挂起,举起, 贴(广告等) put up with 忍受 rather than 而不,非 refer to 提到,涉及,有关 regard. as 把看作 ring back 回电话 ring off 挂断电话,停止讲话 ring up 打电话给 right away 立即,马上 right now 立即,马上 run away 逃跑, 失控 run out of 用完 save ones life 挽救某人生命 scores of 许多,大量 see.off 为某人送行 sell out 卖完, 出卖 send for 派人去叫(请) send out 发出,派遣 send up 发出, 射出 sentence.to death 判处死刑 separate.from. 分开 set down 放下 set free 释放,解放 set off 动身,起程;使爆发 set out 出发; 开始 set up settle down 建立创立 定居,平静下来 show off 炫耀 side by side 肩并肩,一起 so as to 以便,为的是 so far 到目前为止 so far as (表示程度,范围)就,尽 so long as 只要 so.that 太以至于 sooner or later 迟早,早晚 speed up 加快速度 spend.on 在花钱 stand for 代表,象征 tick to 坚持 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来做某事 struggle against 同作斗争 such as 例如 take away 拿走 take it easy 别着急,别紧张 take off 脱下,起飞 take ones time 从容,慢慢行动 take out 取出 take place 发生 take sb. in the arms 搂抱 take the place of 取代,代替take up 占去,占据(时间、地位等) talk about 谈论,议论 talk of 谈论,议论 the day after tomorrow 后天 the day before yesterday 前天 the more.the more. 越就越 the other day 前几天,某日 think about 考虑(是否去做) think of 想起,考虑;认为,看法 thousands of 成千上万,几千 throw away 扔掉 too.to 太以至于不 try on 试穿,试试看 try out 试验 turn down 关小,调低 turn off 关掉(水、电、电视、收音机等) turn on 打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等) turn over 翻动,犁翻(土地) turn up 到达,来到;开大(声音) up and down 上下,来回 used to sth. 习惯于 used to do sth. 过去常常 wait for 等候,等待 wake up 醒来 work out 算出,解决 worry about 担心,烦恼 wrap up 包好, 伪装 write down 写下,记下 write to 写信给三、单词拼写必背(一)、一个星期七天1. Monday2. Tuesday3. Wednesday4. Thursday5. Friday6. Saturday7. Sunday(二)、一年十二个月1. January2. February 3. March 4. April5. May 6. June 7. July8. August9. September 10. October 11. November12. December(三)、一年四季1. spring2. summer3. autumn4. winter(四)、容易拼写错的数字 1.eighth第八2.ninth第九3.forty四十4.twelfth第十二5.twentieth第二十 (五)、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母1.regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔2.control (controlled, controlling) 控制3.admit (admitted, admitting) 承认4.occur (occurred, occurring) 出现5.prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿6.refer (referred, referring) 提到7.forget (forgetting ) 忘记8.permit (permitted, permitting)允许9.equip (equipped, equipping) 装备 注意:quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英语)(六)、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词 1.broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播2.flee (fled, fled) 逃跑3.forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止4.forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅5.freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰6.hang (作“绞死”讲,是规则的;作“悬挂”讲,其过去式过去分词都是hung)7.lie (作“说谎”讲时,是规则的;作“位于”讲时,其过去式是lay,过去分词是lain)8.seek (sought, sought) 寻求9.shake (shook, shaken) 发抖10.sing (sang, sung) 唱歌11.sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉12.spread (spread, spread) 传播13.swim (swam, swum) 游泳14.tear (tore, torn) 撕碎15.weave (wove, woven) 编织 (七)、意思相近的词 1.check / examine/ test2.receive / accept3.destroy /damage 4.celebrate/ congratulate5.wear / dress (八)、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化 1.longlength 长度2.widewidth 宽度3.highheight 高度4.strongstrength力量 (九)、以-ic结尾的动词,应先把-ic变为-ick,再加ing或ed1.picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐 (十)、个别名词的复数拼写1.German (Germans) 德国人2.gulf (gulfs) 海湾3.handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕4.hero (英雄),potato (土豆),tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。 5.roof (roofs) 房顶6.stomach 胃 (其复数是stomachs而不是加es)(十一)、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化1.succeedsuccess成功2.pronouncepronunciation 发音3.explainexplanation解释4.decidedecision 决定5.enterentrance进入6.permitpermission 允许7.refuserefusal 拒绝8.considerconsideration 考虑9.discoverdiscovery 发现10.buryburial 埋葬11.concludeconclusion 得出结论12.arrivearrival 到达13.weighweight 重量 (十二)、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化1.beautifulbeautifully 美丽的2.possiblepossibly 可能的3.practicalpractically 实际的4.particularparticularly 特别的5.successfulsuccessfully 成功的
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