考研考博-考博英语-宁波大学模拟考试题含答案36

考研考博-考博英语-宁波大学模拟考试题含答案1. 单选题Many people invest in the stock market hoping to find the next Microsoft and Dell. However, I know (1) personal experience how difficult this really is. For more than a year, I was (2) hundreds and sometimes thousands of dollars a day in investing in the market. It seemed so easy, I dreamed of (3) my job at the end of the year, of buying a small apartment in Paris, of traveling around the world. But these dreams (4) to a sudden and dramatic end when a stock I (5), Texas cellular phone wholesaler, fell by more than 75 percent (6) a one year period. On the (7) day, it plunged by more than $15 a share. There was a rumor that the company was (8) sales figures. That was when I learned how quickly Wall Street (9) companies that, in one way or another, misinterpret (10).In a (11), I sold all my stocks in the company, (12) margin debt with cash advances from (13) card. Because I owned so many shares, I (14) a small fortune, half of it from money I borrowed from the brokerage company. One month, I am a (15), the next, a loser. This one big loss was my first lesson in the market.My father was a stockbroker, as was my grandfather (16) him. (In fact, he founded one of Chicagos earliest brokerage firms.) But like so many things in life, we dont learn anything until we (17) it for ourselves. The only way to really understand the inner (18) of the stock market is to invest your own hard-earned money. When all your stocks are doing (19) and you feel like a winner, you learn very little. Its when all are losing and everyone is questioning your stock picking (20) that you find out if you have what it takes to invest in the market.问题1选项A.atB.inC.fromD.by问题2选项A.makingB.spendingC.sellingD.buying问题3选项A.forsakingB.retiringC.retreatingD.quitting问题4选项A.turnedB.cameC.wentD.seemed问题5选项A.ownedB.owedC.cherishedD.embraced问题6选项A.overB.byC.fromD.with问题7选项A.tragicB.frustratedC.badD.dreamy问题8选项A.cheatingB.exaggeratingC.announcingD.boasting问题9选项A.punishesB.defeatsC.finesD.collapses问题10选项A.tradeB.truthC.substanceD.coverage问题11选项A.despairB.worryC.panicD.impulse问题12选项A.giving awayB.paying offC.handing overD.making up问题13选项A.creditB.identityC.identificationD.loan问题14选项A.wonB.lostC.gainedD.suffered问题15选项A.winnerB.championC.successorD.supervisor问题16选项A.afterB.beforeC.forD.and问题17选项A.undergoB.keepC.tasteD.experience问题18选项A.workingsB.conventionsC.facilitiesD.structures问题19选项A.ferociouslyB.radicallyC.muchD.up问题20选项A.stanceB.facultyC.abilityD.power【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:D第4题:B第5题:A第6题:A第7题:C第8题:B第9题:A第10题:B第11题:C第12题:B第13题:A第14题:B第15题:A第16题:B第17题:D第18题:A第19题:C第20题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】A. at 在 B. in 在里C. from 从来，来自 D. by 通过【考查点】介词搭配。【解题思路】know from/through为常用搭配，表示“从明白”，且该空格后面跟的是personal experience，故C项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B选项没有这个搭配；D选项表示通过某种方式，personal experience不是方式。【句意】然而，从我的个人经验来看，我知道这是多么困难。2.【选项释义】A. making 制造，使，让 B. spending 花费C. selling 出售 D. buying 购买【考查点】介词搭配。【解题思路】spend money in doing something为常用搭配，表示“花钱干某事”，故B项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项make dollars虽然意思正确，但是后面要加by而不是in；C、D选项后面跟的一般是买/卖的物品，而不是货币。【句意】在一年多的时间里，我每天花数百有时甚至上千美元投资于证券市场。3.【选项释义】A. forsaking 放弃，断念 B. retiring 退休C. retreating 撤退 D. quitting 离开，辞职【考查点】动宾搭配。【解题思路】空格后的宾语是job，而且由后面的of buying a small apartment in Paris, of traveling around the world（在巴黎买一套小公寓，环游世界）也可看出作者想主动辞职，所以D项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均不符合语义。【句意】这一切似乎如此简单，我梦想着在年底辞掉工作，在巴黎买一套小公寓，环游世界。4.【选项释义】A. turned 转向，转变 B. came 来C. went 去 D. seemed 看起来好像，似乎【考查点】词组搭配。【解题思路】由后面的end可知，come to an end为常用词组，表示“结束，终止”，故B项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合搭配。【句意】但是，这些梦想突然而戏剧性地结束了。5.【选项释义】A. owned 拥有 B. owed 欠C. cherished 珍惜 D. embraced 拥抱，包含【考查点】关联上下文。【解题思路】由下文fell by more than 75 percent（下跌超过75%）可知，Texas cellular phone wholesaler（得州手机批发商）股票大贬值，而这个股票是作者所有的，所以A项正确。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句子语义。【句意】但当我持有的得州手机批发商的股票下跌超过75%时，这些梦想突然戏剧性地结束了。6.【选项释义】A. over 在期间，关于 B. by 通过C. from 从来，来自 D. with 和，伴随【考查点】介词搭配。【解题思路】空格处填入的介词要和a one year period搭配，而a one year period是时间，所以四个选项中只有A项正确。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句子语义。【句意】但是，当我所持有的得州手机批发商的股票在短短一年内下跌了75%以上时，这些梦想突然戏剧性地结束了。7.【选项释义】A. tragic 悲剧的，悲痛的 B. frustrated 懊恼的，沮丧的C. bad 坏的 D. dreamy 梦想的，空幻的【考查点】关联上下文。【解题思路】根据下文“股票日跌幅高达15美金”可知，这对作者来说自然是糟糕的一天，所以C项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项偏重于某件事情或某个经历是悲惨的，不幸的，程度比较深，不适合此处的语义；B选项修饰人，不符合句子语法；D选项不符合句子语义。【句意】在糟糕的一天，它的日跌幅高达15美金。8.【选项释义】A. cheating 欺骗 B. exaggerating 夸大，夸张C. announcing 宣布 D. boasting 自吹自擂说【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】that引导的同位语从句是对rumor的解释说明，而公司夸大销售额是一种常用手段，所以B项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项cheating的对象应该是人，所以不正确；C选项不符合句子语义；D选项要与介词about或者of搭配。【句意】有谣言说这家公司夸大了销售额。9.【选项释义】A. punishes 惩罚 B. defeats 击败，挫败C. fines 罚款，处以罚金 D. collapses 倒塌，崩溃【考查点】关联上下文。【解题思路】上文说公司弄虚作假，所以这里应该是对company的惩罚，A项正确。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】这时我才知道华尔街惩罚公司的速度有多快。10.【选项释义】A. trade 贸易 B. truth 真相，事实C. substance 物质 D. coverage 覆盖【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】that引导的定语从句是修饰先行词company，而上文提到company虚报销售额，所以这里应该是指“不说明事实的公司”，B项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项均不符合上下文语义。【句意】这时我才知道华尔街在惩罚那些提供虚假信息的公司方面有多快。11.【选项释义】A. despair 绝望 B. worry 担心C. panic 恐慌 D. impulse 冲动【考查点】关联上下文。【解题思路】上一段最后一句才提到华尔街惩罚了这些虚报的公司，这一句提到“卖掉了所有股票”，综合可知，C项正确，in a panic表示“惊恐万分”。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项都不符合上下文。【句意】惊恐万分，我把公司所有的股票卖掉了。12.【选项释义】A. giving away 赠送，泄露 B. paying off 付清C. handing over 交出 D. making up 组成【考查点】动宾搭配。【解题思路】由后面的debt可知，该处表示“还清债务”符合，且后面还提到了cash，故B项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项都不符合语义逻辑。【句意】惊恐万分，我把公司所有的股票卖掉了，用现金偿还了保证金债务。13.【选项释义】A. credit 信用 B. identity 身份C. identification 识别 D. loan 贷款，借款【考查点】关联上下文。【解题思路】空格前面提到了cash advance（预付现金），可知credit card正确，故选择A项。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项都不符合语义逻辑。【句意】惊恐万分，我把公司所有的股票卖掉了，用信用卡预支的现金偿还了保证金债务。14.【选项释义】A. won 赢得 B. lost 失去C. gained 获得 D. suffered 承受痛苦【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】上文提到公司虚报被华尔街惩罚，作者惊恐万分地把股票全部卖了，这里说到“因为拥有很多股票”，并且后面说“这笔钱一半是从证券公司借的”，所以可以推测作者是损失了一笔钱，B项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项都不符合语义逻辑。【句意】因为我拥有这么多股票，所以我赔了一笔钱，而且其中一半是我从证券公司借的钱。15.【选项释义】A. winner 获胜者 B. champion 冠军C. successor 继承者 D. supervisor 监督人，指导者【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】作者在这里说“一个月后他是一个失败者”，那么一个月前他是个赢家，所以A项正确。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项都不符合语义逻辑。【句意】一个月前我还是赢家，下一个月我就是个失败者。16.【选项释义】A. after 之后 B. before 之前C. for 对于，因为 D. and 和【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】这个句子中用到了as，可知我的祖父和我的父亲都是经纪人，而祖父是在父亲之前，所以B项正确。【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项都不符合语义逻辑。【句意】我祖父在我父亲之前也是个股票经纪人。17.【选项释义】A. undergo 经历、经受 B. keep 保持C. taste 品尝 D. experience 体验，经历【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】句子前半句提到“就像生活中许多事情经历才知道”，所以可以推测，后半句是把买股和生活做类比，只有亲身经历才能学到，所以D项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项是指经历变化或不愉快的事情，空格这一句并没有突出是不快乐的事情，所以该项不符合语义；B、C选项不符合语义逻辑。【句意】但就像生活中的许多事情一样，我们只有亲身经历才能学到东西。18.【选项释义】A. workings 工作，运作 B. conventions 惯例C. facilities 设备 D. structures 结构【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】该句子为目的方式的逻辑，方式是“投资血汗钱”，而目的是“了解股市的内部_”，从中我们可以推测，投资的目的是为了了解股市的内部运作方式，所以A项正确。【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项都不符合语义逻辑。【句意】真正了解股市内部运作的唯一方法是用自己的血汗钱进行投资。19.【选项释义】A. ferociously 残忍地，野蛮地 B. radically 根本上，彻底地C. much许多 D. up 向上【考查点】关联上下文。【解题思路】空格后提到“你自己也觉得是赢家”，说明股票长势很好，所以C项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B选项不符合语义；D选项意思上不符合。【句意】如果你全部的股票长势都很好，你自己也觉得是赢家，那你学到的其实很少。20.【选项释义】A. stance 立场，姿态 B. faculty 能力，全体教师C. ability 能力 D. power 力量【考查点】句间逻辑。【解题思路】前面提到“当在股市上赔了钱”，后面接着提到“人们会怀疑你选择的股票”，可知，是怀疑选择股票的能力，所以C项正确。【干扰项排除】B选表示“能力”要和of搭配；A、D选项不符合句子语义逻辑。【句意】只有当你在股市上赔了钱，人们都在怀疑你选择股票的能力时，你才会发现你在证券投资过程中到底学到了什么。2. 单选题California is Americas land of big dreams, the Eldorado at the continents edge. From the days of European discovery to the present, it has been portrayed as a paradise of possibility and transformation, a place to make a “fresh startin the gold fields, the vineyards, the studio lotsand break freedom from bad weather, bad reputations, and social and economic oppression. The call was irresistible and universal. As a result, in a nation drawn from diverse cultures, California may be the most culturally diverse of all, claiming not only European, Native, and Pan-American roots but close ties to the Far East as well.Even before the tides of immigration that helped shape Californias last two centuries, this was a place of stunning variety and contradiction. In fact, its been observed more than a few times that, geographically speaking, California is not one state but many: dry and wet, mountains and flat, densely populated and virtually empty. The states 1,110 miles of coastline include broad swimming beaches and windswept, rockstrewn palisades. Lush orchards, ancient redwoods, palm oases and desert sagebrush all coexist with Californias six life zones, from Lower Sonoran to Alpine.As a Spanish colony, California has two provinces: Alta (upper) and Baja (lower). Today, with Baja California attached to Mexico a lingering historical schism separates northern California from southern. When Los Angeles was still a sleepy Mexican village, San Francisco was a sophisticated, bustling metropolis; by the late 20th century they had switched roles, Los Angeles was a world-class large city with a population of three and a half million and an area of 465 square miles, far outstripping San Francisco, which in recent times has traded heavily on its quaintness and tourist appeal. Deep political and cultural antagonisms continue to define and divide north and south. Not least of these is a nearly century-old struggle over control of the states precious water, which tends to pit recreation-and-conservation-minded northern Californians against development and agribusiness interests in the south state and Central Valley.Still, for an outsider, the unifying themes stand out. Compared even with other Western states, California represents an optimistic face toward the futurethe place where trends first get sampled and prepared for worldwide spread via the states well-tooled entertainment industry. Californias arts, commerce, and culture all reflect this spirit of aspiration, innovation, and redemption.But sunny optimism is only one of Californias themes. Another current is dark and dramatic: mining claims that dont pan out, earthquakes that mock the performance of human endeavor, economic booms that go bust. During the latter half of the 20th century, many artists and writers have explored this dark side of the California dream, exposing the shadows behind the sunshine.Still, for a number of reasons, California dreaming persists. However many hopes are dashed, the sense of possibility remains strong for each new generation, each new immigrant group that reaches California soil. “Were one to seek a working definition of the California dream.” suggests historian Kevin.21. California is quite rich in cultural diversity in that it has _.22. It is _ that leads to the saying that California is not one state but many.23. What is the significance of Californias entertainment industry?24. According to author, Californias charm lies in the fact that _.25. What is the tone of the author in the passage?问题1选项A.been regarded as an ideal place for people from different origins to realize their dreamsB.attracted people from different parts of the world to settle down and get developedC.been successful in the manufacture of gold, wine and moviesD.gained the reputation as a place to solve various problems satisfactorily问题2选项A.the immigrants distribution among different sectors of CaliforniaB.Californias richness in plains, mountains, coastlines, deserts and populationC.Californias extreme geographic conditionsD.Californias covering all the spectrum of geographic features问题3选项A.It makes stars of great popularity among the world.B.It leads the world trend and gets ready to spread it to the rest of the world.C.It has the latest trend tested and proved in order to make it spread among the world.D.It makes the most advanced technology be used in film making.问题4选项A.its a place with rich history, geographic features and culturesB.contradictions can always find their compromise hereC.it can tolerate people from different culturesD.everything can be possible and can be turned into reality问题5选项A.Ironical.B.Critical.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.【答案】第1题:B第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:C【解析】21.【选项释义】21. California is quite rich in cultural diversity in that it has _. 21. 加州有着丰富的文化多样性，它_。A. been regarded as an ideal place for people from different origins to realize their dreams A. 一直被认为是来自不同地方的人们实现梦想的理想之地B. attracted people from different parts of the world to settle down and get developed B. 吸引了世界各地的人们定居和发展C. been successful in the manufacture of gold, wine and movies C. 在黄金、葡萄酒和电影的制造上都很成功D. gained the reputation as a place to solve various problems satisfactorily D. 获得了令人满意地解决各种问题的好名声【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据关键信息cultural diversity可以定位到文章第一段，最后一句指出“因此，在一个来自不同文化的国家，加州可能是所有国家中最具文化多样性的”，这里是对加州有丰富文化多样性的总结，那么结合上文，开头提到了“加州是美国的梦想之地，是大陆边缘的理想黄金国。从欧洲人发现新大陆的时代到现在，它一直被描绘成一个充满可能性和变革的天堂，一个重新开始的地方”，由此我们可知，加州是人们实现梦想的地方，充满可能性和转变的天堂，一个重新开始的地方，因此吸引世界各地的人来此定居发展，所以它的文化充满多样性。B项描述最全面，因此正确。【干扰项排除】A选项太片面，属于以偏概全；C选项并没有提到successful，而是fresh start，属于曲解原文；D选项中gain the reputation的对象并不是California，而是去加州的人们，属于曲解原文。22.【选项释义】22. It is _ that leads to the saying that California is not one state but many. 22. 正是由于_，才有了加州不是一个州而是多个州的说法。A. the immigrants distribution among different sectors of California A. 移民在加州不同地区的分布B. Californias richness in plains, mountains, coastlines, deserts and population B. 加州拥有丰富的平原、山脉、海岸线、沙漠和人口C. Californias extreme geographic conditions C. 加州极端的地理条件D. Californias covering all the spectrum of geographic features D. 加州涵盖了所有的地理特征【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干定位到第二段第二句“事实上，人们不止一次地观察到，从地理上讲（geographically），加州不是一个州，而是多个州：干燥和潮湿，山脉和平原，人口密集和空空如也”，以及第三句“该州1110英里长的海岸线（coastline）包括宽阔的游泳沙滩和被风吹过、布满岩石的岩壁”，可知，加州不是一个州而是多个州的说法是由于加州的地理原因，因为它同时拥有干燥和潮湿的气候，并且由平原、山脉、海岸线、空旷的沙漠和人口，所以B项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项没有提到移民的分布，属于无中生有；C选项中的extreme在该段没有体现，也没有提到，属于曲解原文；D选项用了all，表述太绝对，属于曲解原文。23.【选项释义】23. What is the significance of Californias entertainment industry? 23. 加州娱乐行业的意义是什么？A. It makes stars of great popularity among the world. A. 它使明星在世界上很受欢迎。B. It leads the world trend and gets ready to spread it to the rest of the world. B. 它引领了世界潮流，并准备将其传播到世界其他地方。C. It has the latest trend tested and proved in order to make it spread among the world. C.它拥有最新的被检验和证明的潮流，并要让它在世界范围内传播。D. It makes the most advanced technology be used in film making. D. 它使最先进的技术被用于电影制作。【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据关键信息entertainment industry定位到倒数第三段第二句“与西方其他州相比，加州代表着对未来的乐观态度，在这里，人们最先体验潮流（trends first get sampled），并且加州准备通过该州完善的娱乐产业将潮流向全世界传播（worldwide spread）”，从中可知，加州娱乐产业的意义是引领最新潮流，且准备向全世界传播，所以B项正确。【干扰项排除】A、D选项没有提到，属于无中生有；C选项中latest trend tested and proved（最新的被检验和证明的潮流）并没有提到，属于曲解原文。24.【选项释义】24. According to author, Californias charm lies in the fact that _. 24. 作者认为，加州的魅力在于_。A. its a place with rich history, geographic features and cultures A. 这是一个有着丰富历史、地理特征和文化的地方B. contradictions can always find their compromise here B. 矛盾总是可以在这里找到妥协C. it can tolerate people from different cultures C. 它可以容忍来自不同文化背景的人D. everything can be possible and can be turned into reality D. 一切都是可能的，都可以变成现实【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】从文章最后一段“然而，出于一些原因，加州梦依然存在。无论多少希望都破灭了，每一代新移民，每一个来到加州的新移民群体，都有强烈的可能性感觉。”，结合文章开头第一句就讲到了“加州是美国的梦想之地”，综合可以推断，加州的魅力就在于每个去加州的人都有可能实现自己的梦想，所以D项正确。【干扰项排除】A选项在文中作者并没有提到这是加州的魅力所在，属于出处错位；B选项在文中没有提到矛盾的compromise，属于曲解原文；C选项没有提到，属于无中生有。25.【选项释义】25. What is the tone of the author in the passage? 24. 作者在这篇文章中的语气是什么？A. Ironical. A. 讽刺的B. Critical. B. 批评的C. Objective. C. 客观的D. Indifferent. D. 冷漠的【考查点】主观态度题。【解题思路】文章前三段作者阐述了加州作为梦想之地的原因以及加州的地理和历史，最后三段描述了加州潮流的两个对立面，在倒数第二段前两句“但阳光乐观只是加州的主题之一。另一股潮流是黑暗而戏剧性的：未成功的采矿，嘲笑人类努力表现的地震，破灭的经济繁荣。”，综合可知，在这篇文章中，作者都是用客观的语气来描写加州，并没有用到表示个人主观情感的词语，所以C项正确。【干扰项排除】A、B、D选项都不符合，属于曲解原文。3. 填空题Directions: In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-F to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There is one extra choice, which does not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Ways to Fight Rising Food PricesFood, clothing and shelter generally top the list of basic human needs. While shopping at a discount store instead of the mall generally takes care of the clothing issue, and living in a small apartment instead of a McMansion can address your housing situation, rising world food prices can lead to some significant challenges in the food department. Everything from rising transportation costs to the development of biofuels pushes up the cost of food and put a pinch on consumers wallets. (41)Dining out is expensive. (42) Even good coffee is cheaper to make if you do it yourself. Fast food is excluded from the category, as high-calorie, low-quality food can be a bargain price, but the impact on your long-term health overrides the benefit of short-term savings.If you stumble around the grocery store and fill your cart with everything that catches your eye, chances are you will spend a lot more money than you needed to. (43) Plan your meals for the week ahead, and make careful note of what you need to buy in order to prepare those meals. Once the list is made, purchase only the items on the list, and avoid impulse buys.Grocery stores are designed to make you go through a maze to get to the most basic items in the hope that you will make a few impulse buys along the way. (44) Because most necessities and basic cooking items are found along the outside perimeter of the store, start there and work your way around the perimeter and step into the maze to grab any leftover items on your list.Our fast-paced society encourages convenience, and grocery stores have capitalized on this trend. Ready-made meals are easy to buy, but they come with a premium price tag. Instead of putting that rotisserie chicken and macaroni salad in your cart, buy the ingredients and prepare the meal yourself. The same concept applies to frozen entrees, baked goods and any other foods that have been prepared in some way for added convenience.(45) Pay attention to the prices and pick up the family-size package if the per-unit cost is lower and you have a place to store it. Shopping at big-box bulk retailers like Sams Club and Costco can also save on your bill if you shop there frequently enough to cover the cost of membership, but pay careful attention to your spending habits. The big boxes are often no bargain compared with sales prices and coupon savings at other stores. In addition, they may encourage you to buy more than you need, driving up your grocery bill.A. Just about any nutritious meal that you buy in a formal restaurant can be made at home for a fraction of the price.B. If you keep to your planned list, you wont be tempted when you get forced down the junk food aisle to get at the milk.C. To minimize your cash outlay, prepare a shopping list before you leave home.D. While the need to eat isnt something you can avoid, there are some steps you can take to keep the costs in check.E. Stores often place the most expensive items at eye-level.F. In addition, bulk buying can save you a significant amount of money.【答案】41.D 42.A 43.C44.B45.F【解析】41.该段讲述了食物、衣服和住所这三个基本需求，衣服和住所可以通过打折商店和住小公寓解决，但是不断上涨的食品成本使得消费者变得拮据，然后下面几段都是在讲述如何省钱，所以这段的最后一句是一个过渡句，起承上启下的作用，A、B、C、D、E项都是省钱的方法，只有D项“虽然你无法避免对食物的需求，但你可以采取一些措施来控制成本”既提到了上文的食品需求，又引出了下文的控制成本的方法，所以该题选择D项正确。 42.由该段第一句Dining out is expensive.（外出就餐很贵）和第三句Even good coffee is cheaper to make if you do it yourself.（如果你自己做的话，即使是好咖啡也会更便宜）可知，这一段讲的方法是在家里做饭，在选项中只有A项提到了在家里做，所以该题