2022大学英语-大学英语四级考试题库套卷43（含答案解析）

2022大学英语-大学英语四级考试题库（含答案解析）1. 问答题：Therere three main types of financial stress people encounter. The first type is apparent in people being stressed about the 26 ups and downs of investment markets-actually not so much the ups but 27 the downs. These people are usually unable or unprepared to endure the long haul.The next common type of financial stress is that caused by debt. In a 28 percentage of cases of debt-induced financial stress. credit cards and loans will be a central element. Often therell be car loan and perhaps a mortgage, but credit cards often seem to be the gateway to debt-related financial difficulties for many.The third type of stress and 29 the least known is inherited financial stress, which is the most destructive. It is experienced by those who have grown up in households where their parents regularly 30 and fought about money. Money therefore becomes a stressful topic, and so the thought of sitting down and planning is an unattractive 31 .Those suffering inherited financial anxiety 32 to follow one of two patters. Either they put their head in the sand: they would 33 examining their financial statements, budgeting, and discussing financial matters with those closest to them. Alternatively, they would go to the other 34 and micro-analyze everything, to the point of complete 35 .Theyre convinced that whatever decision they make will be the wrong one.A) appearance B) argued C) avoid D) considerable E) definitelyF) extreme G) inaction H) incredibly I) normal J) possiblyK) proposition L) rebelled M) statement N) tend O) traditional答案：【26-30】 IEDJB 【31-35】 KNCFG 本题解析：暂无解析2. 问答题：微博名人的言论当下，名人微博（Weibo)已成为信息发布和舆论制造的重要源头。各种媒体也热衷于对名人微博的言论进行传播，共同推动其成为舆论热点。名人与公众人物，拥有很多的粉丝、更多的话语权，正因为如此，名人必须有比普通人更多的义务，对这个社会多承担一些责任；名人在进行微博发言时需以负责任的态度谨慎使用手中的话语权。答案：CelebritiesWords on WeiboAt present, celebritiesWeibo posts have become an important source of releasing information and creating public opinions. Various media are also keen on disseminating opinions expressed by celebrities on their Weibo posts, collaborating to make them become hot issues. As celebrities and public figures have numerous fans and a greater right of say, they should be more obligated than ordinary people to take more responsibilities for the society. When making their remarks on Weibo, celebrities should take a responsible attitude and exercise their freedom of speech with caution. 本题解析：1.信息发布和舆论制造:可译为release information and create public opinions，其中“舆论”即公众的观点，可译为public opinions。2.传播:翻译为disseminating，也可译为spreading。3.话语权:翻译为right of say，为固定表达，也可译为freedom of speech。4.以负责任的态度谨慎使用:翻译为be responsible and careful in using.3. 问答题：Finally, some good news about airplane travel. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the _26_ of a new study that looked at how respiratory (呼吸道) viruses _27_ on airplanes. Researchers found that only people who were seated in the same row as a passenger with the flu, for example - or one row in front of or behind that individual - had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very _28_ chance of getting sick, according to the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented _29_ information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore, these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less _30_ to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.Prior to the new study, little was known about the risks of getting _31_ infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said. So, to _32_ the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different _33_ in the U.S. during the flu season. The researchers found that passengers sitting within two seats on _34_ side of a person infected with the flu, as well as those sitting one row in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 percent chance of getting sick. But other passengers were _35_ safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu.A) accurateB) conclusionC) directlyD) eitherE) evaluateF) explorationsG) flightsH) largelyI) nearbyJ) respondK) slimL) spreadM) summitN) vividlyO) vulnerable答案：26-35：BLKAO CEGDH 本题解析：暂无解析4. 问答题：火锅火锅中，重庆火锅（hotpot)最著名，也最受欢迎。重庆人认为以麻辣 (peppery and hot)著称的火锅是当地特色。人们喜欢围在用木炭(charcoal)、 电热或天然气加热的火锅旁边吃边聊美味和有营养的食物。人们可以选择辣汤、清汤以及鸳鸯（combo)锅底，再将肉片、鱼片、各种豆腐产品和蔬菜加进火锅，之后蘸上特制酱料即可食用。在寒冷的冬天里，吃火锅成为一件惬意十足的事情。答案：HotpotChongqing hotpot is the most famous and popular of all hotpots. In the eyes of people in Chongqing, hotpot noted for its peppery and hot taste is a local specialty. People enjoy gathering around a hotpot heated with charcoal, electricity or natural gas and chatting over the delicious and nutritious food. You have a choice of spicy, pure or combo for the soup, into which you may add thin sliced meat, fish, various bean curd products and vegetables, and dip them into a special sauce before eating. It is a very delightful experience to eat hotpot in the cold winter. 本题解析：1.以著称:可译为be noted for。noted作形容词，表示“著名的，显著的”，同样的搭配还有be noted as,表示“作为而著名”。两个词组有区别，使用时需要注意。2.当地特色:可译为local specialty。specialty可以表示“特产，招牌菜”。3.选择:可译为have a choice of,表示“有选择”。也可以用动词choose。4.酱料:可译为sauce。5.惬意十足的:即“令人愉悦的”,译为delightful或pleasing。5. 问答题：灯笼起源于东汉, 最初主要用于照明。在唐代，人们用红灯笼来庆祝安定的生活。从那时起，灯笼在中国的许多地方流行起来。灯笼通常用色彩鲜艳的薄纸制作，形状和尺寸各异。在中国传统文化中，红灯笼象征生活美满和生意兴隆，通常在春节、元宵节和国庆等节日期间悬挂。如今，世界上许多其他地方也能看到红灯笼。答案：Lanterns originated in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and were at first used primarily for lighting. In the Tang Dynasty, people used red lanterns to celebrate a stable life. Since then, lanterns have became popular in many parts of China. Lanterns are usually made of brightly-colored tissue paper in a variety of shapes and sizes. In traditional Chinese culture, red lanterns symbolize a happy life and flourishing business, usually hung during festivals like the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival and National Day. Today, red lanterns can be seen in many other parts of the world. 本题解析：暂无解析6. 问答题：In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, peoples hunger levels were predicted not by how much theyd eaten but rather by how much food theyd seen in front of themin other words, how much they remembered eating.This disparity (盖弃）suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.Hunger isnt controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal， Brunstrom says. This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought.These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our bodys response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 3S0-calorie (卡路里）milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones （荷尔蒙），depending on whether the shakes label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought theyd consumed a higher-calorie shake.What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.56. What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake?A) How we perceive the food we eat. C) When we eat our meals.B) What ingredients the food contains. D) How fast we eat our meals.57. What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal?A) You would probably be more picky about food.B) You would not feel like eating the same food.C) You would have a good appetite.D) You would not feel so hungry.58. What do we learn from the 2011 study?A) Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases.B) Food labels may influence our bodys response to food.C) Hunger levels depend on ones consumption of calories.D) People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary.59. What does Brunstrom suggest we do to control our appetite?A) Trick ourselves into eating less. C) Concentrate on food while eating.B) Choose food with fewer calories. D) Pick dishes of the right size.60. What is the main idea of the passage?A) Eating distractions often affect our food digestion.B) Psychological factors influence our hunger levels.C) Our food intake is determined by our biological needs.D) Good eating habits will contribute to our health.答案：ADBAB 本题解析：56. 【定位】由题干中的appetite和food intake定位到首段第一句。A) 【精析】事实细节题。文章开篇指出了人们的食欲和食物摄取受到诸多因素的影响，包括人们的饮食环境和对面前食物的认知,故答案为A)。57. 【定位】由题干中的remembered和previous meal 定位到第三段第二句。D)【精析】推理判断题。定位句指出,饭后几小时,决定人们饥饿程度的不是他们已食用的食物量，而是他们吃饭时面前所见到的食物量,也就是说,影响人们饥饿程度的是他们记忆中的食物量而不是胃里的食物量。由此可推断,记忆对饮食造成影响，如果记忆中上顿饭吃了很多,那么不管是不是真的吃了很多,都不会感觉太饿,故答案为D)。58. 【定位】由题干中的2011 study定位到第六段第二句。B) 【精析】细节归纳题。定位句详细描述了 2011年的一项研究。在研究中，参与者在两个不同场合食用了相同卡路里的奶昔，但是奶昔标签上分别标注了 620卡路里和14059.【定位】最后一段话A)Brunstrom说,所谓的用心饮食策略能够对抗干扰,帮助人们控制食欲60.【定位】早期研究表明，人们对食物的认知有时会欺骗身体对食物作出反应.7. 问答题：龙井 (Longing) 是一种绿茶，主要产自中国东部沿海的浙江省。龙井茶独特的香味和口感为其赢得了“中国名茶”的称号，在中国深受大众的欢迎，在海外饮用的人也越来越多。龙井茶通常手工制作，其价格可能极其昂贵，也可能比较便宜。这取决于生长地、采摘时间和制作工艺。龙井茶富含维生素C和其它多种有益健康的元素。经常喝龙井茶有助于减轻疲劳，延缓衰老。答案：Longing is a kind of green tea, which is mainly produced in Zhejiang Province on the east coast of China. The tea has won the title of Famous Tea of China for its unique flavor and taste. It is widely beloved in China, and more and more people drink it overseas. The tea is usually handmade. Its price can be extremely expensive or relatively cheap, which depends on the place it grows, the time it is picked and the way in which it is processed. The tea is rich in vitamin C and many other healthy elements. Regular drinking of Longing helps to reduce fatigue and delay aging. 本题解析：暂无解析8. 问答题：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案：Hi Mark,Im so glad that you have made up your mind to teach English in China. Before you make a decision about your precise destination, let me introduce my hometown, Chongqing.Located in southwest China, Chongqing may not enjoy worldwide fame as much as Beijing or Shanghai, but it is a thriving metropolis with lower cost of living. Working and living here, you can achieve your career goals without feeling too much stress. The locals are known for being warm and hospitable, and you can teach in a way that feels good for you. To be sure, teaching a foreign language in a city where residents speak a dialect all the time can be very challenging. It takes time indeed to correct pronunciation mistakes each student makes. But since you are always praised for your kindness and patience, it should hardly be an obstacle for you.Anyway, I will support and help you as much as possible, whichever city you go to. I believe living and teaching in China will be a pleasant and memorable experience for you.Best wishes,Li Ming 本题解析：你好，马克，我很高兴你下定决心在中国教英语。在你决定你的确切目的地之前，让我先介绍一下我的家乡重庆。重庆位于中国西南部，虽然没有北京或上海那样享誉全球，但它是一个繁荣的大都市，生活成本较低。在这里工作和生活，您可以在不感到太大压力的情况下实现自己的职业目标。当地人以热情好客而著称，您可以用自己感觉良好的方式进行教学。可以肯定的是，在一个居民一直说方言的城市教授外语可能非常具有挑战性。纠正每个学生犯的发音错误确实需要时间。但既然你总是因为你的善良和耐心而受到称赞，这对你来说应该不会成为障碍。不管怎样，无论你去哪个城市，我都会尽可能地支持和帮助你。我相信在中国生活和教学对你来说将是一段愉快而难忘的经历。最美好的祝福，李明9. 问答题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案：Dear friend,I am delighted to write this letter to recommend a city for you. I know that you have a strong desire to teach English in recent days. I suppose when you read this letter, you must be satisfied about what I recommend.I would like to share with you some detailed information about it. The first city flashing in my mind is Beijing, the capital of China. Additionally, young people in expanding number in Beijing begin to improve the awareness of English learning. They admit that having a good command of English plays a key role in personal growth and future career. As a consequence, I am sure that you will have a lot of chances to teach English.Thank you for spending time reading this letter and I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience. Good luck to you with all aspects of life.Yours sincerely,Li Ming 本题解析：暂无解析10. 问答题：Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the enormous number of student questions in the online class, Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence. This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Techs online Master of Science in Computer Science program. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasnt enough to deal with the overwhelming number of daily questions from students.Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. When students feel isolated or confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to remedy this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasnt too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all the 40,000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustments and sufficient time, Jill was able to answer the students questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didnt know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldnt tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didnt inform them about Jills true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.The goal of Professor Goels virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions posed by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson will, of course, change to something else next semester. Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the future of artificial intelligence than, say, Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates or Steve Wozniak.46. What do we lear about Knowledge-Based Arificial Itelligence?A)It is a robot that can answer students questions.B)It is a course designed for students to leamn online.C)It is a high-tech device that revolutionizes teaching.D)It is a computer program that aids student leaming.47. What problem did Professor Goel meet with?A)His students were unsatisfied with the assistants.B)His course was too difficult for the students.C) Students questions were too many to handle.D)Too many students dropped out of his course.48. What do we lear about Jill Watson?A)She turned out to be a great sucess.B) She got along pretty well with students.C) She was unwelcome to students at first.D) She was released online as an experiment.49. How did the students feel about Jill Watson?A) They thought she was a bit too artificial.B) They found her not as capable as expected.C) They could not but admire her knowledge.D) They could not tell her from a real person.50. What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson?A) Launch different versions of her online.B) Feed her with new questions and answers.C) Assign her to answer more of students questions.D) Encourage students to interact with her more freely.答案：46.B47.C48.A49.D50.C 本题解析：暂无解析