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专题20 定语从句 单选题1.(2019山东滨州)Do you know the man _ spoke at the meeting just now?- No, I dont know.A. what B. who C. which D. whose【答案】B【解析】句意：你认识刚才在会上讲话的那个人吗?不，我不认识。考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句，what不是关系词不可引导定语从句，可排除。who用于先行词是人时；which用于先行词是物时；whose表示物主，后面需接名词；本句先行词the man是人，根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。2.(2019江苏淮安)The charities have helped more children with the money _ people raise.A. who B. what C. where D. which【答案】D【解析】句意：慈善机构用人们筹集的钱帮助了更多的儿童。A. who关系词，先行词是人；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. where关系副词，在定语从句中做状语；D. which关系代词，先行词是物。people raise 修饰the money，先行词是物，关系词用which引导。根据题意，故选D。3.(2019湖北黄冈)Tomorrow is Fathers Day. Whats your surprise for your father? The first thing_ I will do is to make a card for him.A. who B. where C. whose D. that【答案】D【解析】句意： 明天就是父亲节了。你想给你的父亲什么样的惊喜？ 我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。A. who谁；B. where哪里；C. whose谁的；D. that用来引出从句。当先行词是序数词或其被序数词修饰时，引导词用that来引导。空前面的先行词是The first thing，是序数词，因此本题的引导词应该用that。故选D。4.(2019湖南郴州)All the classmates enjoyed the cake _I made at the party. It was really deliciousA. that B. who C. what【答案】A【解析】句意：所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that 关系代词；先行词是人或物；B. who关系代词，先行词是人；C. what什么，不能引导宾语从句。I made at the party.是定语从句修饰先行词the cake，在这里是物，用关系词that。根据题意，故选A。5.(2019湖北鄂州) Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? Sure. Its a great TV program _ can develop the habit of reading.A. who B. that C. what D. whose【答案】B【解析】句意：-你喜欢中央电视台每周一次的节目朗读者吗？-当然了，这是一个很棒的节目，能培养阅读的习惯。根据句子结构可知，这里考查定语从句，who是关系代词，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语；that先行词人或物都可以，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句，先排除；whose的，先行词可以是人或物。这个定语从句的先行词是program，故排除A；D选项意思不合适。故应选B。6.(2019甘肃兰州)The movie _ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.A. who B. which C. where D. when【答案】B【解析】句意：我看过两次的电影是流浪地球。A. who谁，指人的引导词；B. which哪一个，指物的引导词；C. where哪里，指地点；D. when什么时间，指时间。本题考查定语从句。先行词是The movie，因此引导词用which。故选B。7.(2019山东临沂)Peppa Pig (小猪佩奇) is a British cartoon _has been popular in China and is much loved by little children and their parents.A. who B. which C. /【答案】B【解析】句意：小猪佩奇是一部在中国很受欢迎的英国动画片，深受幼儿和父母的喜爱。根据句子结构，空后部分是作定语修饰British cartoon, 所以是定语从句。先行词是British cartoon, 是物，故选B。8.(2019贵州安顺)Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman _used the special power of the plant to save _lives.A. which, millions of B. who, millions ofC. whose, million of D. who, million of【答案】B【解析】句意：青蒿是中国常见的一种植物，而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman是人，关系词在定语从句中做主语，可知使用关系代词who；短语millions of：数以百万的；故选B。9.(2019四川眉山)Success always belongs to those _ have tried their best to make their dreams come true.A. who B. whom C. whose D. which【答案】A【解析】句意“成功总是属于那些尽他们最大的努力让他们梦想实现的人”。本题考查定语从句。A.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作宾语；C.指人或物，在从句中作定语；D.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。本句话中，先行词为those，指人，且在从句中作主语，故选A。10.(2019广东)1Not all children _ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science.A. whom B. which C. who D. whose【答案】C【解析】句意：不是所有的看这个录像的孩子会成为科学家，但是有一些也许会对科学感兴趣。分析句子结构，本题是定语从句。whom关系代词，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语。 which关系代词，先行词是物，在从句中作主语和宾语。who关系代词，先行词是人，在从句中作主语和宾语。whose关系代词，先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语。根据句子结构，可知先行词是children（人），并且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词who；故选C。11.(2019湖南湘西)一What kind of movies do you like？一I prefer movies _ give me something to think about.A. that B. what C. where【答案】A【解析】句意： 你喜欢什么类型的电影？ 我喜欢能让我有所思考的电影。A. that：指人或物，做主语或宾语；B. what什么，不能引导定语从句，排除；C. where哪里，先行词是表示地点的。本题的先行词是movies，指物，因此用that 来引导。故选A。12.(2019四川内江)The book _was written by him is very interesting.A. who B. whom C. which D. /【答案】C【解析】句意：他写的那本书很有趣。考查关系代词。A. who代指人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；B. whom代指人，在定语从句中做宾语；C. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语；D. /为不填。首先分析句子结构，可知本句为定语从句，先行词the book为物，而且从句中缺主语，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用which；故答案选C。13.(2019黑龙江哈尔滨)-Have you got ready for the soccer game？-Yes，Ive done everything _ I can to win the game.A. who B. that C. which【答案】B【解析】句意：你准备好参加足球比赛了吗？是的，我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。本题考查定语从句的连接词，who的先行词是人，that的先行词是人或物，which的先行词是物。当先行词是不定代词时，只能用that，不能用which，故答案为B。14.(2019河南)Do you know the boy over there?The one _ is holding a ball? Oh, thats my neighbor Phil.A. what B. which C. who D. 不填【答案】C【解析】句意： 你认识那边那个男孩吗？ 那个拿着球的人？哦，他是我的邻居菲尔。本题考查定语从句。A. what什么；B. which哪一个；C. who谁。what引导的是主语，表语和宾语从句。what不能引导定语从句。因为定语从句是形容词性质的。而what所引导的是名词性从句。两者结构不同。所以排除A；分析句子The one is holding a ball? 的结构可知，本题缺少的是主语，且关系词在定语从句中做主语，不能省略。故选项D不对；我们知道：who 的先行词是人，which的先行词是物。本题的The one是指上文的the boy over there，指人的先行词，因此应该用who来引导。故选C。15.(2019贵州贵阳)Wang Yangming is a great educationalist _ developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A. which B. what C. who【答案】C【解析】句意：王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家，他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。A. which关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是物；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. who关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是人，根据 educationalis指人，所以用who，故选C。16.(2019湖南岳阳)Ill never forget the story _.A. that cheers me up B. who cheers me up C. what cheers me up【答案】A【解析】句意：我将永远不会忘记那个使我振作起来的故事。that cheers me up使我振作起来；who cheers me up使我振作起来的人；what cheers me up使我振作起来的。根据句子结构可知，该空应该是一个定语从句，修饰空前的名词the story，指物，故B不对，who引导的定语从句，先行词应该是人；C选项中what不能引导定语从句，也不对。故应选A。17.(2019吉林)Mr.Brown is a teacher _ is strict with all is students.A. which B. who C. where【答案】B【解析】句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。18.(2019辽宁盘锦)A landmark(里程碑) in the history of science was made by a photo _ was taken on April 10th about the black hole in a faraway galaxy(星系).A. who B. which C. what D. when【答案】B【解析】句意：4月10日，一张被拍摄的遥远星系黑洞的照片，是科学史上的一个里程碑。本题考查定语从句。A. who谁；B. which哪个；C. what什么；D. when什么时候。选项C. what不能用来引导定语从句，排除；本题的先行词是a photo，名词，因此用引导词which来引导。故选B。19.(2019福建)Du Fuguo is a hero _ is known to millions of Chinese people.A. who B. which C. what【答案】A【解析】句意“杜富国是一个许多中国人都知道的英雄”。本题考查定语从句。A.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.定语从句中关系词没有what。先行词为a hero，指人，在从句中作主语，故选A。20.(2019甘肃天水)Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ?Yes. Its the best one _ I have ever seen.A. that B. which C. what D. it【答案】A【解析】句意：你看过流浪地球这部电影吗？这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。此句考查定语从句的关联词，that/which可以引导定语从句，what，it不能引导定语从句，首先排除C,D；先行词是不定代词one，前面被形容词的最高级best修饰，引导词只能用that不能用which，故答案为A.21.(2019甘肃定西)I prefermusic_has great lyrics.A. who B. whose C. that D. /【答案】C【解析】句意“我喜欢有美妙的歌词的音乐”。本题考查定语从句。A.指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.指人或物，在从句中作定语；C.指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；D.若that在从句中作宾语，that可省。本句话中先行词为music，指物，且在从句中作主语，用that，故选C。22.(2019贵州铜仁)“What are you doing?” “We are talking about the books and writers _ we like.”A. that B. which C. who D. whom【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句的引导词用法。句意：“你们在做什么？我们在谈论我们喜欢的书籍和作家。”。本句的定语从句的先行词是book书和writer人，所以关系代词用that，故选A。23.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特)Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat_tell you your weight?A. / B. who C. whom D. that【答案】D【解析】句意：散步后坐下来很令人放松。但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗?考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句，who和whom用于先行词是人时，前者多做主语（也可做宾语），后者只做宾语；that指人或物，可省略。本句先行词seat是物，可排除BD两项；引导词做从句的主语，that不可省略，故选D。24.(2019四川达州)Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree _ waiting in a line?They are the students from No. Primary School.A. that are B. where are C. which is D. who is【答案】A【解析】句意：弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?他们是来自第一小学的学生。考查定语从句。根据句意：弗兰克，你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁？ 他们是来第一小学的学生可知先行词是children，指人，作主语，故选代词用who/that；children是复数，系词用are，故选：A。25.(2019四川遂宁)My mother doesnt like stories _have sad endings.A. that B. who C. where D. those【答案】A【解析】句意：我妈妈不喜欢有悲伤的结局的故事。根据句子结构可知这里考查定语从句的引导词，先排除D；先行词是stories，指物，排除B；且定语从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词，排除C，故选：A。26.(2019湖南湘潭)On Monday April 15， 2019， the fire_broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the worldA. that B. who C. where【答案】A【解析】句意：2019年4月15日，周一，巴黎圣母院发生大火震惊了全世界。A. that先行词是人或物，B. who先行词是人；C. where先行词是地点名词。本句先行词是 fire，指物，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which/that。故答案为A。27.(2019广西玉林)Hey Anna. Would you like to see The White Storm with me?You mean, the new police story _was filmed by Chen Musheng?A. who B. what C. whose D. which【答案】D【解析】考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意：嘿，安娜。你愿意和我去看电影白色风暴吗？你的意思是由陈木胜拍摄的新警察故事？定语从句的先行词story是物，关系代词在句中做主语，所以引导词用which，故选D。28.(2019湖北随州)What kind of movies do you like? I prefer movies _give me something to think about.A. which B. who C. what D. when【答案】A【解析】句意：你喜欢什么种类的电影？我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。A. which关系词，先行词是物；B. who关系词，先行词指人；C. what不能引导定语从句；D. when关系副词，在定语从句中做状语。先行词是movies指物，关系词用which。根据题意，故选A。29.(2019四川成都)The boy _ lost is crying there.How do you know he gets lost?A. whose B. who C. whos【答案】C【解析】句意：那个迷路的男孩在那里哭。你怎么知道他迷路了?考查定语从句。whose关系代词，先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语。who关系代词，先行词是人，在从句中做主语或宾语。本题先行词boy是人，并且从句部分缺少主语和谓语，且空格后无名词。所以选用关系代词who, be lost迷路。排除A,B。C. whos=who is. 故选C。30.(2019四川乐山)What are you looking for?Im looking for the storybook _ you lent to me last week.A. who B. which C. when【答案】B【解析】句意“-你正在找什么？-我正在找你上周借给我的故事书”。本题考查定语从句。A.who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；B.which指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；C.when表示时间，在从句中作状语。本句话中，先行词为the storybook，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故选B。31.(2019湖南长沙)China is getting better at making hi-tech products _ can be bought in all parts of the world.A. who B. which C. what【答案】B【解析】句意：中国在制造高科技产品方面很擅长，并且这些产品世界各地都能买到。此句考查定语从句的关系词。who引导定语从句时，先行词是人，who在从句中作主语或宾语；which引导定语从句时，先行词是物，which在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句。本句的先行词是hi-tech products，指物，用which来引导，故答案为B。32.(2019辽宁营口) Tom, where do you work?I work in a shop _ sells different kinds of vegetables.A. which B. who C. where D. what【答案】A【解析】分析句子可知是定语从句，首先排除D选项，what不能作关系词；空格处缺少主语，副词不能作主语，所以排除C 选项where；先行词是a shop，指物，所以关系词用which，作主语，排除B选项故选：A33.(2019湖南株洲)We have decided to sell five things _ we no longer use.A. that B. where C. who【答案】A【解析】句意“我们已经决定卖5个我们不再用的东西”。本题考查定语从句。A.关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；B.关系副词，表示地点，在从句中作状语；C.关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语和宾语。本句话中，先行词为five things，指物，且在从句中作宾语，用that，故选A。34.(2019黑龙江大庆) The book _ I read last night was fantastic. A. that B. what C. whose D. who【答案】A【解析】句意：我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. whose先行词是人或物，在从句中作定语；D. who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物，用that来引导，故答案为A。35.(2019吉林长春)You Raise Me Up is a song _ brings me much courage in the face of challenges.A. who B. when C. which D. where【答案】B【解析】句意：你把我养大是一首歌，它带给我面对挑战的勇气。A. who定语从句关系词，先行词是人； B. when定语从句关系词；做时间状语；C. which定语从句关系词，先行词是物；D. where定语从句关系词，做地点状语。a song 是物，关系词用which。根据题意，故选B。36.(2019湖北恩施州)Chris, the West Lake is so attractive!Yeah, the West Lake is the most beautiful place_I have ever visited.A. what B. who C. that【答案】C【解析】句意：克里斯，西湖太迷人了！是啊，西湖是我去过最美丽的地方。此题考查定语从句。what不可作关系词，故排除A。关系代词who指人；关系代词that既可指人，也可指物。此句先行词place是物，故用关系代词that。故选C。37.(2019内蒙古呼伦贝尔) Class, you should be thankful to those people _ helped and supported you. We will. Miss Chen.A. which B. whom C. who D. whose【答案】C【解析】句意：同学们，你们应该感谢那些帮助你们和支持你们的人。陈小姐，我们会的。which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语、宾语和表语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语或表语；who引导定语从句，修饰人，作主语或宾语。whose引导定语从句，修饰人或物，作定语；此处修饰先行词people，表示人，作定语从句的主语，故用who。故选C。38.(2019辽宁阜新)Tony is one of the boys_ are always on time for school every dayAwhich B. who Cwhom D whose【答案】B【解析】which哪一个；who谁；whom谁，宾格；whose谁的根据意思：托尼是每天准时上学的男孩之一定语从句中缺主语，先行词是人，故用who故选：B
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