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课时作业(十四)Developing and Developed Countries发展中国家和发达国家.语音知识1povertyA|pvti|B|pvti|C|puvti| D|pvtai|2charityA|krti| B|trti|C|kraiti| D|tirti|3ancientA|einnt| B|ennt|C|einknt| D|nnt|4oppositeA|pzit| B|psit|C|pusit| D|pzit|5developmentA|divelpmnt| B|divelpmnt|C|divelpmnt| D|divelpmnt|.情景对话Hello，may I speak to David?_1_Hi，David！This is Lin Tao speaking.Hi，Lin Tao.Whats up?_2_Nothing much.Do you have any ideas?Shall we go to the zoo？_3_A dolphin show？Good idea！How can we get there?By bus or bike?OK，lets go by bike._4_What about a quarter past ten?Why not meet a little earlier？_5_Good！No problem.Where shall we meet then?Lets meet outside the zoo gate.All right.See you then.AWhat are you going to do next Sunday?BI hear theres a dolphin show there.CWhen shall we meet?DSpeaking!EI am David.FLets make it half past nine.GHow about half past ten?.单项填空1After receiving the news，immediate_was taken by the local government to stop the disease spreading.Aspeed BbehaviorCaction Dmeasure2Its hard to imagine what progress they_in the past few months.Amade Bhave madeChad made Dmake3Some scientists say it is important that the amount of air pollution in big cities_.Areduce Bbe reducedCreduced Dwill be reduced4The two sides have finally_，though some small differences still exist.Amade a decision Breached an agreementCsettled down Dbroken up5Which turning should I take to the Capital Building，Madam?Im sorry，_Im a stranger here myself.A/ BandCbut Dthen6She thought I was talking about her daughter，_，in fact，I was talking about my daughter.Awhom BwhereCwhich Dwhile7Jone and Tony are_friends and they have been keeping_contact since they graduated from college.Aclosely；close Bclose；closeCclosely；closely Dclose；closely8He spoke_the top of his voice in order to make himself_clearly.Aat；heard Bin；to hearCat；hear Din；heard9With a lot of homework_，I cant go swimming with you tomorrow.Ato do BdoneCdoing Dto be done10The poor man offered to wash dishes in the restaurant_three meals a day.Aexchange Bexchange forCin exchange for Dto exchange11He never works hard at his English，does he?Yes.He_no effort and he does make some progress on it.Awastes BputsCspares Dmakes12What do you want to do next？We will have half an hour before the basketball game begins._.Whatever you want to do is fine with me.AIt just depends BIts up to youCAll right DGlad to hear that13If their marketing plans succeed，they_their sales_20 percent.Awill increase；by Bhave been increasing；toChave increased；to Dwould be increasing；by14She is in a poor_of health.As a result，she has to give up her job.Aposition BsituationCstate Dcondition15(2009年江西临川模拟)Near the table_a poor dog，which desired to satisfy his hunger with_fell from the table.Alay；what Blay；thatClaid；that Dlaid；what.阅读理解(2010年湖北重点中学第二次联考)In Yemen，you always see one type of vehicle on the road：the water truck.They travel mountain roads and cross deserts to bring Yemenis the goods more valuable than oil.It is one that only the rich can afford，with the supply regularly being cut off.Others must rely on scarce rain or charity to fight thirst.Experts say Yemen is going to be the first country in the world to run out of water.The capital，Sanaa，will run out of drinking water as early as 2025，says a report by the World Bank.Hannan，an 18yearold from Lahej，said that only the rich could prepare for cuts in supply.“In a good week well have a water supply all week but then the following week there will be water only for a day or two，” she said.She and her husband，a factory worker，pay 3,000 riyals (99 yuan) for a weeks supply of water from a touring water truck when the taps run dry.With an income of only 20,000 riyals (660 yuan) a month，this means the family often spend half their money on water.“There are a lot of people who cant afford it and they have to rely on their neighbors to help，” she said.The average person in Yemen survives on onefifth of what the World Health Organization considers to be enough water.In Taiz，in the south，tap water is available only once every 45 days.In the mountainous Malhan district in the north，women and children climb a 1,500m mountain to collect water from a spring，often in the small hours to avoid long queues.Yemen is located in Southwest Asia，bordering the Arabian and Red Sea.Yemeni people have lived on scarce water supplies for thousands of years but that problem has been made serious by conflict in the area，the fastgrowing population and the use of water to grow a drug called qat.With one of the worlds highest rates of population growth3.46 percent，Yemen is the poorest Arab country.The government is considering desalinating (淡化) seawater，but this would be expensive and it may now be too late.The only other solution is to cut down on farming，but that means importing even more food.1The passage aims to_.Aanalyze the reasons why Yemen lacks waterBsuggest some solutions to the water issue in YemenCpresent how serious the water problem is in YemenDencourage the world to help Yemenis who are suffering from water shortages2When Hannan said that only the rich could prepare for cuts in supply，she meant that_.Arich people drank more water than the poorBrich people could buy water from the water trucks if there was a water supply cutCshe had a rich neighbor who often helped her during water supply cutsDthe rich were not affected by water supply cuts3Which of the following may be a reason why Yemen is short of water?AThe country has had no rain for a long time.BThe population of Yemen is growing fast.CThe government has failed to reduce farming.DPeople cant afford the water from government water trucks.4The best title for the passage is “_”ANever take water for grantedBThe water truckthe commonest sight in YemenCThe first country to run out of water in the worldDNo water for Yemen(2009年重庆诊断二，A)It happened to me recently that I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obamas Dreams from My Father and how it had changed my views of the current US president.The person I was talking to agreed with me that it was，in his words，“a wonderfully written book”However，he then proceeded to talk about Mr Obama in a way that suggested he had no idea of his background at all.I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.And it seems that he is not the only one.Clearly two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they havent.In the World Book Day survey，Dreams from My Father is at number 9.The survey lists top ten books，and various authors，which people have lied about reading.As Im not one to lie too often，Ill admit here and now that I havent read the entire ten books.But I am pleased to say that I have read the book at number one，George Orwells 1984.I think its absolutely outstanding.Asked why they lied，the most common reason was to impress someone they were speaking to.This could be difficult if the conversation became more indepth!The World Book Day survey also has some other interesting information in it.It shows that many people lie about having read classical works by Jane Austen，the Bronte sisters，Charles Dickens and so on.But when asked which authors they actually enjoy，they named JK.Rowling，Jilly Cooper，and Stephen King (ah，the big sellers，in other words)Fortyone percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story.So which books have you lied about readingif anyand which is your favourite?5The main reason why people lie about reading is to_.Amake fun of the listener Bimpress the listenerCplease the listener Dinterest the listener6The underlined word“proceeded” in the passage probably means “_”Awanted BhappenedCcontinued Dstopped7What does the World Book Day survey show?ANearly half of the people surveyed didnt read through a whole classical book.BPeople dont like Dreams from My Father and George Orwell s 1984.CFew people lie about having read classical works by Jane Austen.DPeople usually enjoy reading books by Charles Dickens.8What is the best title for the passage?AAre You a Book Liar? BReaders Are All LiarsCWorld Book Day DDreams from My Father.语音知识1B2.B3.A4.D5.C.情景对话1D2.A3.B4.C5.F.单项填空1Ctake action意为“采取行动”，此题使用了其被动语态。take measures意为“采取措施”，measure一般要用复数形式。2B“in the past/last时间”用做时间状语时，句子一般使用现在完成时态。3B在It is/wasimportant/impossible/natural/necessary/possiblethat.结构中，that从句使用“(should)动词原形”结构。在本句中，reduce与the amount of air pollution之间是动宾关系，故使用被动语态。4Breach an agreement取得一致意见。句意为：尽管仍有小的分歧但是双方最终达成了一致意见。5C“Im sorry，but.”是习惯用法，but用来引出道歉的原因，本身没实际意义，不翻译出来。6D句意为：她认为我在谈论她女儿，而实际上，我在谈论我女儿。这里用并列连词while，意为“而，却”。7B句意为：琼和托尼是亲密朋友，自从大学毕业他们一直保持密切联系。close friend和close contact中的close都是形容词，意思是“亲密的，密切的”。8Aspeak at the top of ones voice大声说，目的是使自己的话被别人听见，故用heard。9A此处考查with复合结构。表示未来还没有做的事情，用动词不定式的主动式。10C句意为：那个可怜的人主动提出在饭店洗盘子以换取一日三餐。in exchange for作为交换。11C由下句he does make some progress on it可知他不遗余力学习英语，故C项正确。12BIts up to you.由你决定。13A句意为：如果他们的市场计划成功，他们的销售量将会增加百分之二十。if条件状语从句中将来时被一般现在时代替，故主句中用一般将来时。increase.by表示增加的程度；increase.to表示增加到，故选A项。14Cbe in a poor state of health身体状况不好。15A方位介词位于句首，引起完全倒装，躺的过去式为lay，排除C、D两项。what引导的从句作介词with的宾语，what在宾语从句中作主语。.阅读理解【语篇解读】位于西南亚的也门是一个水资源特别匮乏的国家，在这里，水资源的匮乏已经延续了几千年，而地区冲突、人口的快速增长等因素使这个地区的饮水问题特别突出。也门也是最贫穷的阿拉伯国家。1C考查推理判断。从全文内容可知，本文的中心话题是介绍也门这个国家的饮水困难。2B考查细节理解。第一段说只有富人才能买得起水，第三段Hannan说，只有富人能为水供应减少做好准备，由此判断B项是她要表达的意思：假如减少了饮用水的供应，富人能花钱买水用，而穷人则只能依靠降雨或慈善机构的施舍。3B考查细节理解。从倒数第二段可知，也门的饮用水短缺是长期存在的问题，而这个国家人口的快速增长使这个问题更突出。4D考查主旨大意。从所给四个选项看，A项“不要以为水是理所当然的”与本文的核心话题无关，B.“水车，也门街头最常见的风景”只是也门缺水的结果，只是文章内容的一部分，C.“世界上第一个用完水的国家”不全面，而D项“也门没有水”最能形象地表达全文的内容。5B细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“Asked why they lied，the most common reason was to impress someone they were speaking to”可知，人们撒谎说读过某一本书是为了给对方留下深刻的印象。6C词义猜测题。根据第一段的内容可知，我跟别人谈起美国现任总统巴拉克奥巴马的Dreams from My Father一书时，对方完全同意我的意见。当他继续谈下去的时候，我发现他根本没有读过这本书。第一段第三句中的proceeded一词表示“继续下去”，与continued同义。7A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Fortyone percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story.”可知，41%的人承认他们没有读完一本书的内容就翻到后面读故事的结局。这与A项的陈述基本一致。故选A。其他三项均与文中有关陈述不符合。8A主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了the World Book Day survey的内容，同时问读者是否就某书撒过谎，结合全文的内容，尤其是第一段和最后一段可判断最佳标题是A。
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