北京语言大学22春《汉语写作》在线作业二及答案参考19

北京语言大学22春汉语写作在线作业二及答案参考1. 导语常见的写作方法有：( )等多种A.对比式B.提问式C.征引式D.结论式参考答案：ABCD2. 学术论文由前置部分和主体部分两部分构成，前置部分包括题名、论文作者、摘要、关键词，主体部分包括引言、正文、结论、致谢、参考文献。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B3. 广告的“3B”创意原则不包括( )。A.美女BeautyB.通讯C.动物BeastD.身体Body参考答案：D4. 解说词的特点有哪些( )A.附着性B.拓展性C.审美性D.分合性解说词有分有合，合中有分，分中有合，节段分明参考答案：ABD5. 属于议论类文体的种类的是( )A.札记B.宣言C.社论D.政论参考答案：ABCD6. He said he would _ me to the president, but he didnt.ArecommendBcommunicateCcommeHe said he would _ me to the president, but he didnt.ArecommendBcommunicateCcommentDrequest正确答案：A解析：句意：他说过他会向总统推荐我，但是他没有。本题考查动词词义辨析。recommend“推荐，介绍”；communicate“联系，交流”；comment“评论”；request“要求，请求，需要”。7. 札记古已有之，古代小木片为札，把随感文字书之于上，就是札记，盛行于唐代。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A8. 从写作的实质出发，写作具有以下几个特点：( )A.综合性B.艰苦性表明只有辛苦思考才能写出好文章C.创造性D.规范性参考答案：ABCD9. 语言的特点有( )A.情感性B.语体性C.语境性D.风格性参考答案：BCD10. English is seen as a threat in countries where the national identity is needed.English is seen as a threat in countries where the national identity is needed.参考答案：T11. 电子文本创造出新的表达方式。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B12. 真实性指新闻报道与所反映的客观事实的一致程度，这是新闻的本源和生命，是新闻最重要的特征。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B13. _ you like other items, kindly let us know and we shall be only too pleased to make you offers_ you like other items, kindly let us know and we shall be only too pleased to make you offers direct.AIn caseBIn the caseCIn this case DIn that caseA14. 运用插叙、补叙、倒叙等表现方法时往往需要过渡。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B15. The art exhibition _ this Saturday. Ahold Bis to be held Cwill hold Dis goingThe art exhibition _ this Saturday.AholdBis to be heldCwill holdDis going to holdB16. 教案的编写，内容的准确是第一位的。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B17. 关于积聚的说法不正确的是( )。A.积聚分为一般积聚、专门积聚和综合积聚三种B.立意C.学写作者必先学积聚D.积聚为精选内容、表达意图提供了有力的保证参考答案：A18. 衬托分为哪两种形式?( )A.正衬B.主体C.侧衬D.旁衬参考答案：AB19. 错位有哪几种形式?( )A.情节错位B.全面采取与突出重点C.人事错位D.意义错位参考答案：BC20. 调查报告的结构形式一般包括哪几个部分?( )A.导语B.醒目C.正文D.结语参考答案：BCD21. At the height of the British Empire , there were British colonies on every continentAt the height of the British Empire , there were British colonies on every continent. ( )参考答案：T22. 如要获取材料，观察的条件有( )A.端正观察态度B.运用比较方法C.选好观察点D.加入理性思考参考答案：ABCD23. 艺术性说明文又称“科普作品”，是指那些多以描绘、比喻、形象、拟人等艺术表现手法解说事物和事理的说明文。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B24. 抒情的原则有( )A.开头与结尾照应B.真情流露C.注重品味D.激发共鸣参考答案：BCD25. 散文中不能有虚构和想象。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：B26. The attention to details assures you that the setting and service are as perfect asThe attention to details assures you that the setting and service are as perfect as your meal , whether its a quiet dinner for two , or a business lunch. (翻译)参考答案：无论静谧的两人晚餐还是商务午餐，细致入微的服务都会保证这里的环境和服务与您所点的食物一样品质优良。27. 教学论文的“文献性”要求论文作者要用辩证唯物主义的科学的思想、精神和方法对论题进行实事求是的科学论证，得出符合教育教学规律的科学结论。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A28. 狭义散文是( )才有的说法。A.古代B.向外的抒情文体C.五四D.当代参考答案：D29. 对于电子邮件来说，简洁是它的灵魂。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B30. 有关广告文案和文学异同的说法中，不正确的是( )。A.文学是人们自愿牺牲时间和精力来阅读的B.推翻性研究C.广告具有劝服作用D.广告文案是一种阻碍激发文字参考答案：D31. By about A. D. 500 the Mound Builder culture was declining, perhaps because of attacks froBy about A. D. 500 the Mound Builder culture was declining, perhaps because of attacks from other tribes or perhaps because of severe climatic changes that undermined agriculture. To the west another culture, based on intensive agriculture, was beginning to flourish. Its center was beneath present day St. Louis, and it radiated out to enclose most of the Mississippi watershed, from Wisconsin to Louisiana and Oklahoma to Tennessee. Thousands of villages were included in its orbit. By about A. D. 700 this Mississippian culture, as it is known to archaeologists, began to send its influence eastward to transform. the life or most of the less technologically advanced woodland tribes. Like the Mound Builders of the Ohio region, these tribes, probably influenced by Meso-American cultures through trade and commerce, built gigantic mounds as burial and ceremonial places. The largest of them, rising in four terraces to a height of one hundred feet, has a rectangular base of nearly fifteen acres, larger than that of the Great Pyramid of Egypt. Built between A. D. 900 and 1100, this huge earthwork faces the site of a palisaded(用栅栏围起的)Indian city which contained more than one hundred small artificial mounds marking burial sites. Spread among them was a vast settlement containing some 30,000 people by current estimations. The finely crafted ornaments and tools recovered at Ca-hokia, as this center of Mississippi culture is called, include elaborate ceramics(陶瓷制品), finely sculpted stonework, carefully embossed and engraved copper and mica(云母)sheets, and one funeral blanket fashioned from 12,000 shell beads. They indicate that Cahokia, was a true urban center, with clustered housing, markets, and specialists in tool-making, hide-dressing patting, jewelry-making, weaving, and salt-making.What is the main topic of the passage? _AThe Mississippian culture.BThe decline of Mound Builder culture.CThe architecture of Meso-American Indians.DThe eastern woodlands tribes.正确答案：A参阅本文第五句：“ByaboutAD700thisMississippianculture，asitisknowntoarchaeologists，begantosenditsinfluenceeastwardtotransformthelifeormostofthelesstechnologicallyadvancedwoodlandtribes”可以判断出A为正确答案。32. 被称为最独特的电影语言和电影剧作的特殊技巧是( )。A.结构技巧B.显示式C.叙述技巧D.表达技巧参考答案：B33. 演讲稿又叫演说词，它是用作口头发表的演讲文稿。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B34. 精心设计板书的重要性有( )A.让学生看的清楚B.有助于学生对教材的理解C.有助于帮助学生掌握教学内容的基本思路D.具有对一堂课之“龙”“点睛”的作用参考答案：BCD35. 广告、说明书、介绍信、游览须知、内容简介及操作规程等属于日常说明文。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B36. 邀请类文书的格式一般由标题、称呼、正文、结尾语、落款五部分组成。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：A37. 小小说环境描写的要求是明概括。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：A38. 一篇好的通讯，须将叙述、描写、议论、抒情等多种表达方式综合起来，灵活运用，方能生动、形象、真切地予以表现。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B39. By the time the chairman arrived, the guests, _ for half an hour. Aalready waitedBy the time the chairman arrived, the guests, _ for half an hour.Aalready waitedBhad already waitedChave already waitedDwere already waitingB40. 远焦叙述主要有哪两种类型?( )A.长镜头为主B.为读者和社会负责C.间离法以变焦D.高视点以变焦参考答案：CD41. In the _ of damage, to be surveyed by Johnson Survey Coand claims payable at Shanghai. AevenIn the _ of damage, to be surveyed by Johnson Survey Coand claims payable at Shanghai.AevenBevidentCevidenceDeventD42. 组成电影剧作的基本单位称作蒙太奇句子。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：A43. 学术论文由前置部分和主体部分两部分构成，前置部分包括题名、论文作者、摘要、关键词，主体部分包括引言、正文、结论、致谢、参考文献。( )A.正确B.错误参考答案：A44. 叙述的要求主要包括哪几个方面?( )A.分头叙述，统一总结B.显示式C.有主有次，详略得当D.生动引人，富于变化参考答案：BCD45. Pat: When do you want me to finish cleaning the office?Rose: _Pat: When do you want me to finish cleaning the office?Rose: _正确答案：FF 解析：首先应读懂上文，后进行逻辑推理，选择填充词句。上文意为“你要求我什么时间把办公室的卫生做完？”46. The conference _ in Beijing next week is bound to be a great success. A) holding B) beingThe conference _ in Beijing next week is bound to be a great success.A) holdingB) being heldC) to holdD) to be holdD由句中的时间状语next week可知此处应用表将来的结构，且应用被动结构，故可以首先排除A、C两项。B项being held表示“正在进行的事情”，故不正确。47. 文体在写作中具有一般的地位。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A48. 概述交际法的理论基础及其当前交际语言教学课堂活动的特征。参考答案：理论基础：(1)语言学理论基础是20世纪60年代兴起70年代形成高潮的社会语言学。尤其是社会语言学家海姆斯的交际能力理论和功能主义语言学家韩礼德的功能语言理论和话语分析理论，以及威多森的语言交际观。(2)心理学基础是人本主义心理学和20世纪60年代后期兴起的心理语言学。交际法强调以学生为中心，首先要分析学习者对第二语言的需要，教学内容和教学方法的确定都必须从学习者的需要出发。交际法还认为，学习者在言语中出现一些错误是正常的也是不可避免的现象，学习者所追求的不可能是完美无缺的交际，而只能是有缺陷的但有效的交际，因此，对学习者的语言错误不应苛求。特征：(1)以培养交际功能为宗旨，明确提出第二语言教学目标是培养创造性地运用语言的交际能力，不仅要求语言运用的正确性，还要求得体性。(2)以功能意念为纲。根据学习者的实际需要，选取真实自然的语言材料，而不是经过加工后的“教科书语言”。(3)教学过程交际化，交际既是学习的目的也是学习的手段，在教学中创造接近真实交际的情景并多采用小组活动的形式，通过大量言语交际活动培养运用语言交际的能力，并把课堂交际活动与课外生活中的交际结合起来。(4)以话语为教学的基本单位。认为语言不是存在于孤立的词语或句子中，而是存在于连贯的语篇中。(5)单项技能训练与综合性技能训练相结合，以综合性训练为主，最后达到在交际中综合运用语言的目的。(6)对学习者在学习过程中出现的语言错误有一定的容忍度，不影响交际的错误能不纠就不纠，尽量鼓励学习者发挥言语交际活动的主动性和积极性。(7)交际法强调以学生为中心，强调教学要为学生的交际需要服务，以语言功能为纲根据学以致用的原则，针对不同专业的学习者安排“专用语言”的教学。(8)主张采用多种教学手段，不应是仅仅一本教科书，而应该是“教学包”，即教师用书、辅导读物、磁带、挂图、录像、电影、电视等。(9)让学生处于情景之中，身临其境地感受氛围，用汉语进行交际，是交际教学的精髓。49. 论文的引言又称前言，属于整篇论文的正文部分。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A50. 豪放的风格充满阳刚之气，而婉约的语言风格则漫溢着阴柔。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B51. 下列属于人物肖像描写的是( )A.容貌、身材B.表情、衣着C.姿态、气质D.感情、感受参考答案：ABC52. 体验者要想寻找、看见、捕捉、发现属于自己的东西，仅仅沉在生活底层，和对象打成一片并获得某种思想或感情的认同就足够了。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：A53. The ( )scheme is destined to fail from the very beginning.A.foolishB.foolC.fooledD.follyThe ( )scheme is destined to fail from the very beginning.A.foolishB.foolC.fooledD.folly答案：C54. 演讲既然带有一个“演”字，就说明它不是单纯的“讲”，而是带有某些“表演”的性质。( )A.错误B.正确参考答案：B55. Poor food contributed_her illness and her illness had a strong impact_her characPoor food contributed_her illness and her illness had a strong impact_her character.Ato; forBfor; onCto; onDwith ; at正确答案：C56. It is necessary _ you to comply _ our shipping instructions.It is necessary _ you to comply _ our shipping instructions.for，with57. 下面哪个选项不是实用文体的语言要求?( )A.准确B.深刻、重要C.华丽D.精约参考答案：C58. On their way they came to a bread shop.英译汉On their way they came to a bread shop.英译汉答案：在途中，他们来到一家面包店。59. Your close co-operation in this respect will be highly appreciatedIn the meantime we await your shiYour close co-operation in this respect will be highly appreciatedIn the meantime we await your shipping _ by cable.AadviceBadvanceCadviseDadvantageA60. AineffectiveBincompetentCinefficientDinsufficientAineffectiveBincompetentCinefficientDinsufficient正确答案：C解析：上下文理解题。incompetent不可选，下文说到如有必要大脑可以启动(trigger)新的接收器，所以并非“不胜任”，而是“inefficient效率低”；incompetent all the time“所有时间工作都不能胜任”，所以不能选；inefficient all the time正确。