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Unit 2 The United KingdomBackhamrose of EnglandWhat do you know about UK? What is the capital of the UK?一、单词拼写一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。1._ dibeit vt. &vi.讨论讨论 n.讨论，争论讨论，争论2._ rilein n. 关系关系, 联系联系3._ knvi:njns n. 便利便利, 方便方便 4._ trkn n. 吸引吸引, 吸引力吸引力 5. _ dilait n.高兴高兴 vi.使高兴使高兴 vt. 使高兴使高兴 6._ splendid a. 极好的极好的7._ ril n. 震颤震颤, 激动激动 v. 震颤震颤, 激动激动8._ ju:nait v. 联合联合, 合并合并, 混合混合9._ pzl n. 难题难题 v. 使使困惑困惑10._ li:gl a. 法律的法律的, 合法的合法的, 法定的法定的legal debaterelationconvenienceattractiondelightsplendidthrillunitepuzzle11._ klekn n. 收藏品收藏品, 收集物收集物12._ knstrkt v. 构造构造, 建造建造, 想出想出13._ prdekt n. 工程工程, v. 计划计划v. 投射投射14._ wedi n. 婚礼婚礼15._ fuld n. 折层折层v. 折叠折叠, 包包, 交叉交叉16._ ril a. 王室的王室的, 皇家的皇家的 n. 王室王室17._ ju:nif:m a. 一致的一致的n. 制服制服18._ sttju: n. 塑像塑像,雕像雕像19._ nf a. 不公平的不公平的20._ sm:t a. 聪明的聪明的,巧妙的巧妙的v. 刺痛刺痛21._ sdestn n. 建议建议suggestioncollectionconstructprojectweddingfoldroyaluniformstatueunfairsmart二、单词运用二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1. Dexter was _ (delight) because he solved a math problem which his teacher could not solve.2. I think it important that students should be taught to play_ (unfair) in everything.3. I guess it was just too difficult to say no when you saw such a beautiful girl smiling so_ (attract) at you and asking for a favour.delighted fairly attractively 4.To their surprise, the three countries found themselves_ (unite) peacefully instead of by war.5. Facing the _situation the sales manager looked_. (puzzle)6. Thank you very much for your cooperation in our work and we do apologize for any_ (convenient) that we might have caused you.7. The conference has been held to discuss the influences of tourism _the wildlife in the area.united puzzled puzzlinginconvenience on 8. You find most of the population settled in the South, _most of the large industrial cities in the Midlands and North of England.9._the four countries do work together in some areas (for example, in international relations), they are still very different.10._is no need for you to wait; the movie star has gone through the back door. but Although There 三、词语派生三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。1. He is a_ (collect) of stamps from all over the world.2. Sichuan Province is rich in tourist _ (attract) and enjoys many world-famous places of interest.3. As the trial went on, the story behind the murder slowly_ (fold).4. According to the law, it is_ (legal) to sell alcohol or cigarettes to people under the age of 18.5. We could make an _ (arrange) to meet at 10 oclock.collector attractions unfolded illegal arrangement 6.Most of the stadiums under_ (construct) for Beijing Olympic Games have been designed by Chinese engineers.7.We are anxious to maintain good_ (relate) with our neighbour countries.8.Being an_ (influence) person in the town, she was able to raise enough money to set up the Childrens Fund.9.There is deep _ (divide) among the students over where to go on a spring trip.10.I dont enjoy the company of the people whose actions are not _ (consist) with their words.construction relations /relationship influential division consistent 四、词组互译四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。1._ 1._ 由由组成，包括组成，包括2._2._将将分成，分开分成，分开3._3._与与脱离，与脱离，与断绝关系断绝关系4._4._为了方便起见为了方便起见5._5._出故障；失败，遭受挫折出故障；失败，遭受挫折break downconsist ofdivide intobreak away fromfor convenience6.take the place of _7. leave out _8.refer to_9.a collection of_10.to ones delight_使使高兴的是高兴的是代替代替省去；遗漏；不考虑省去；遗漏；不考虑谈到，提到；涉及；查阅，参考谈到，提到；涉及；查阅，参考一批收藏品一批收藏品五、词组运用五、词组运用根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空。组并用其适用的形式填空。1.The managers car _on the highway half-way between the two cities.2.The whole class was _two teams to debate whether students should be allowed to bring their cell-phones to school.3. Computer is very important, but it cant _newspaper.take the place ofbroke downdivided into4. As my secretary, your duty _filling the papers and answering the calls.5. The pickpocket _the policeman who had been holding his arm.6. The train arrived at 3:30 am, so we had planned to wait at the railway station until daybreak and the take a coach to the farm._, our uncle arranged for a van to pick us up.7. If you want to know his telephone number, you may _the telephone directory.refer toconsists ofbroke away fromTo our delight8. Each competitor got a number, but No.13 was _as no one wanted to have it.9._ American art is on show at the city museum until the end of next month.10. They bought the house _.It is close to where they work and there are many shops nearby.for convenienceleft outA collection ofPast participles used as the object complement什么是宾语补足语？什么是宾语补足语？英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有：类常用的及物动词有： make , consider, cause ,see , find , call ,get ,have, let ect.Ex. We think him clever. What he said made me angry. We consider the answer correct. Everyone calls him Tom.(宾语宾语) (宾补宾补)宾语补足语的表现形式：宾语补足语的表现形式：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词某些及物动词（如（如make等）等）+直接宾语（名直接宾语（名词或代词词或代词）+宾语补足语宾语补足语宾语补足语的宾语补足语的9种表示法：种表示法：1.His father named him Doming. 2.They painted their house white.3.You mustnt force him to lend his money to you. Nobody noticed him enter the room. 4. We saw her entering the room. (名词名词)(形容词形容词)（不定式）（不定式）（不定式短语）（不定式短语）(现在分词或其短语现在分词或其短语)5.We must get the work finished by 10 oclock. 6.We take English as a useful tool for research work.7. Whenever you may go, you will find him at work. 8. Let the fresh air in.9. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will. ( 过去分词过去分词)（用（用as引出）引出）（介词短语）（介词短语）（副词）（副词）(从句从句)用过去分词充当宾语补足语用过去分词充当宾语补足语1.过去分词作宾语补足语，过去分词作宾语补足语，表示其动作已经完成表示其动作已经完成或结束或结束。能用宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是。能用宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意义表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有，有时候两者兼而有之。时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象词动作的对象。Eg. After waking up, I found everyone gone.The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard. They found their new bikes stolen.过去分词不仅可以作动词宾语的补足语，还可过去分词不仅可以作动词宾语的补足语，还可以作介词宾语的补足语：以作介词宾语的补足语：Eg. The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back,With the homework finished, he was allowed to watch the football match. 1.1.过去分词用在表示状态的动词过去分词用在表示状态的动词 keep keep ，leaveleave 等等的后面。的后面。They kept the door locked for a long time. Dont leave the windows broken like this all the time.2. 2. 过去分词用在使役动词过去分词用在使役动词have, makehave, make 的后面。的后面。（1 1）注意）注意”have + +宾语宾语+ + 过去分词过去分词”的两种用法的两种用法：表示让某人做某事，如：表示让某人做某事，如：I have had my bike repaired .The villagers had many trees planted just then.表示表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”等。等。 如：如：My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.The old man had his wrist broken in the accident.(2)”(2)”make + + 宾语宾语+ +过去分词过去分词”， 在这种结构中，在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的，如： I raised my voice to make myself heard.They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English.3.3.过去分词用在感官动词过去分词用在感官动词watch ,notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find 等的后面等的后面 当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。 When we got to school, we saw the door locked.我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。我们可以听到大雨点敲打窗户的声音。 We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.4.4.过去分词用在过去分词用在want, wish, like, expect, order等表示等表示“希望，愿望，命令希望，愿望，命令”这一类这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。动词的后面作宾语补足语。The teacher wouldnt like the problem discussed at the moment.老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。老师不想此刻讨论这个问题。我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。我想要这套衣服照他自己的尺寸做。 I want the suit made to his own measure.我父母希望我好好准备入学考试。我父母希望我好好准备入学考试。 My parents expected me to be well-prepared for the entrance examination.5.5.过去分词用在过去分词用在“wish+wish+宾语宾补宾语宾补”这一结构这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。小偷被带进来了，双手被绑在后面。The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，他的房子看上去就像一座漂亮的花园。像一座漂亮的花园。 With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.用所给单词的正确形式填空用所给单词的正确形式填空1. What he had said made me _.（surprise）2. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. (follow)3. My glasses are broken. Ill have to get them _.(repair)4. With her finger _ to the broken vase, my mother asked me, “Who did that?” (point)5. The doctor warned him _ only food after the operation. (not eat)Practise:surprisedfollowingrepairedpointingnot to eatUseful structure ( 10m )强化训练强化训练1.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year.A. carry out B. carrying C. carried out D. to carry out2. Mrs. Brown was very disappointed to see the washing machine she had had_ went wrong again.A. it B. it repairedC. repaired D. to be repairedCC3. In the past few years, we have had thousands of trees_ around out school.A. plant B. planted c. planting D. being planted4. Is this the recorder you want _?A.to have repaired B. to repaired C. to have it repaired D. it repaired5. She was glad to see her child well _ care of.B.take B. to be taken C. taken D. takingBAC6. The result of the entrance exams was not made _ to the public until last Thursday.A.knowing B known C. to know D. to be known7. He found them _ at table_.A. sat; to play chess B. sitting; to play chess C. seated; playing chess D. seat; play the chessBC8. I can make you _ what I say, but you cant make yourself _ in English.A.understand; understand B. understand; understoodC. to understand; understand D. understand; to be understoodB9. The girl asked him not to leave the door _.A. to close B. closed C. to be closed D. closing10. I have often heard the ABC song_, but I have never heard Alice _ it.A. to be sung; to sing B. being sung; sangC. sung; sing D. sang; singingBC1.(2004全国卷）全国卷） Helen had to shout _above the sound the music.A.making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard.2. (2004, 重庆卷重庆卷) Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents_.A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worryDA高考链接3. (2000,全国卷全国卷)The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_ the next year.A.carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 4. (1996,全国卷全国卷)It is wise to have some money_ for old age.B.put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid upCALanguage points for Reading 1. 1. puzzle(1)puzzle n. 意为意为“难题、谜、测验能力的问题（或难题、谜、测验能力的问题（或玩具）玩具）”，可喻为，可喻为“复杂难懂的事物复杂难懂的事物”。用作单。用作单数时，作数时，作“迷惑、困惑迷惑、困惑”解释。解释。He is _about the matter.This is really_.(2)puzzle v. 作作“使使.迷惑；使迷惑；使.为难为难”解解释，常用于被动结构或用其过去分词作表语、释，常用于被动结构或用其过去分词作表语、定语、状语。定语、状语。这封信使我迷惑不解。这封信使我迷惑不解。他对这件事大惑不解。他对这件事大惑不解。in a puzzle这对我来说真是个难题。这对我来说真是个难题。puzzle to meThis letter_.puzzles me我不知道下一步该怎么办（如何回答）。我不知道下一步该怎么办（如何回答）。他的脸上露出迷惑不解的表情。他的脸上露出迷惑不解的表情。. .他的问题把我难住了，我不知怎样回答。他的问题把我难住了，我不知怎样回答。I am puzzled what to do next (how to answer).There was a puzzle expression on his face.Puzzled by his problem, I didnt know how to answer2.debate（1）n. n. 辩论，讨论，辩论，讨论，如：如：经过长期间的辩论，下议院通过了议案。经过长期间的辩论，下议院通过了议案。我们经充分讨论后决定迁往北京。我们经充分讨论后决定迁往北京。_,the House of Commons approved the bill._, we decided to move to Beijing.After a long debateAfter much debate（2）v. debate about sth. 为为.争论争辩争论争辩。如：。如：他是那种好争辩的人。他是那种好争辩的人。他们为那项计划争论了有三天。他们为那项计划争论了有三天。He is the kind of person_.They_ for three days.who likes to debate about everythingdebated about the proposal3.3. there is no need to do 表示表示“没有没有的的必要必要“，相当于，相当于It is not necessary to do sth. 。如：如： 没有必要再讨论这个问题了。没有必要再讨论这个问题了。先生，没有必要感谢我。先生，没有必要感谢我。it is not necessary to pay for the book. There is no need to pay for the book.There is no need to discuss the problem again.There is no need to thank me, sir.Compare:4. clarifyv.v.（使某事物）清楚易懂；澄清。如：（使某事物）清楚易懂；澄清。如：我将在合适的时候澄清我的立场。我将在合适的时候澄清我的立场。我希望我说的话能澄清这一情况。我希望我说的话能澄清这一情况。Ill _at a proper time.I hope that what I say will clarify the situation.clarify my stand4. relationn.(1) relation (between sth. and sth) 关系，联系。关系，联系。如：如：降雨量与作物产量之间的关系降雨量与作物产量之间的关系the relation between rainfall and crop productionThe cost of this project has_.此项目的费用与其成果不相称。此项目的费用与其成果不相称。no relation to the results（2 2）亲戚，亲属。如：）亲戚，亲属。如：他是我的一个近亲。他是我的一个近亲。你们彼此之间是什么亲属关系？你们彼此之间是什么亲属关系？He is a close relation of mine.What relation are you to each other?5. conveniencen.方便，便利。如：方便，便利。如：我把参考书放在书桌旁用着方便。我把参考书放在书桌旁用着方便。有医生住在我们附近真是太方便了。有医生住在我们附近真是太方便了。I kept my reference book near my desk_._to have the doctor living near us.It was a great conveniencefor convenience.拓展：拓展：convenient adj. “ “方便的方便的”，不用来修，不用来修饰人，常用来指事。饰人，常用来指事。be convenient to sb. “ “对某人对某人来说方便来说方便”。其反义词为。其反义词为inconvenient“不方便不方便的的”。如：。如：3 3点点5050分的火车对你方便吗？分的火车对你方便吗？Will the 3:50 train be convenient to you?今天如果你方便的话，请你在回家的路上帮我把今天如果你方便的话，请你在回家的路上帮我把这封信邮寄出去。这封信邮寄出去。 If it is convenient to you today, please post the letter for me on your way home.6. attractionn. (1) (1) 用作可数名词，作用作可数名词，作“诱人之处；吸引人的诱人之处；吸引人的地方（东西）地方（东西）”解，如：解，如：The attractions of this city are quite a few, like its theme park, World Trade Centre, the Huge Open-air Water-screen Film, the Sunday Parade of Citizens, and so on.这个城市吸引人的地方很多，像主题公园、世贸这个城市吸引人的地方很多，像主题公园、世贸中心、巨型露天水幕电影、市民星期日的游行等。中心、巨型露天水幕电影、市民星期日的游行等。You may know that there are a lot of scenic attractions of China on the banks of Changjiang River. 老实说，老实说， 我说不出我说不出 这座建筑物有何诱人之处。这座建筑物有何诱人之处。To be honest, I cant tell what the attraction of this building is. 你可知道，长江两岸有许多中国的风景名胜。你可知道，长江两岸有许多中国的风景名胜。（2 2）也可做不可数名词，意为）也可做不可数名词，意为“魅力魅力”。如：。如：如果你真要我说的话，她对我没有吸引力。如果你真要我说的话，她对我没有吸引力。She has no attraction for me, if you really want to ask me. 尽管穿着不太时髦的衣装，她仍然富有魅力。尽管穿着不太时髦的衣装，她仍然富有魅力。She still has attraction, wearing not so fashionable clothes. 7. influence n. n. 影响，影响， 有影响的人（或事）；有影响的人（或事）；vtvt 影响，改影响，改变。变。如：如：我父母认为我朋友对我有不良影响。我父母认为我朋友对我有不良影响。My parents considered my friend to be bad influence on me. 由于我老师的影响，我上大学学了理科。由于我老师的影响，我上大学学了理科。My teachers influence made me study science at college.天气影响农作物。天气影响农作物。The weather influences crops. 8. available(1)(1)adj. ( (指物指物) )可用的，可得到的可用的，可得到的在那茅屋里可弄到水。在那茅屋里可弄到水。there is water available at the hut. （2）adj. (指人指人)可会见的，可与之交谈的可会见的，可与之交谈的医生现在（没）有空。医生现在（没）有空。The doctor is (not) available now. availability n. 可利用可利用 availably adv. 可利用地；可利用地；不太忙地不太忙地 unavailable 不可利用的，很忙的不可利用的，很忙的10. To their surprise, the three countries found themselves united peacefully instead of by war. 于是这三个国家惊奇地发现他们是和平地联合在于是这三个国家惊奇地发现他们是和平地联合在一起的而不是通过战争一起的而不是通过战争。(1)to their surprise 属于属于”to ones + +情感名词情感名词”句句式。式。 意为意为”使他们感到惊奇的是使他们感到惊奇的是“。如：。如：很令我吃惊的是他的画得了奖。很令我吃惊的是他的画得了奖。Much to my surprise, his painting won the prize. 我发现他没有按时完成工作，这令我大失所望。我发现他没有按时完成工作，这令我大失所望。I found , to my disappointment, that he didnt finish his work in time.船长惊讶地意识到泰坦尼克号正在迅速下沉。船长惊讶地意识到泰坦尼克号正在迅速下沉。The captain realized, to his horror, that the Titanic was sinking rapidly.eg. He told me, _ his amazement, that the papers in the safe was missing.A. with B. of C. from D. to D11. break down vt. (1) (1) 破坏；破坏； 拆散；拆散； 损坏损坏Eg. The robbers broke the door down. （2 2）（化）改变）（化）改变的化学成分；分解的化学成分；分解人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。Eg. Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 强盗们把门砸开了。强盗们把门砸开了。(2) (2) 失败；失败； 破裂破裂他们的计划失败了。他们的计划失败了。Eg. Their plan broke down. 据说和谈破裂了。据说和谈破裂了。The peace talks are said to have broken down. （3 3）失去控制；崩溃）失去控制；崩溃他不禁失声痛哭。他不禁失声痛哭。 Eg. He broke down and began to cry. vi. vi. ( 1)( 1)(机器机器) )损坏损坏 eg. the car broke down halfway to Beijing.River ThamesRiver Severn
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