形容词的句型 讲义高考英语语法复习.docx

高考英语语法知识梳理形容词句型形容词的句型一、形容词的平级”比较l. as+原级形容词+as(1) 肯定形式She is as beautiful as her mother (is),她和她的母亲一样漂亮。I am as interested in English as you (are).我和你一样对英文有兴趣。 He is as handsome as his brother (is).他和他哥哥一样英俊。The girls are as busy with their work as bees.这些女孩子就跟蜜蜂-样忙 着工作。(2) 否定形式She is not as beautiful as her mother,她不像她母亲那样漂亮。She is not so beautiful as her mother.(3) as .as句式的修饰语必须置于第一个as之前。(not) nearly almostjustnothing likeexactly notquitehalfone-tentwice three times30 per centHe is just as tall as his father.他刚好与他父亲一样高。Its not nearly so difficult as you think,这远不像你想像的那样难。This rope is exactly as long as that one.这根绳子与那根绳子恰好一样长。 He hasnt been quite so unlucky as he pretends.他不像他装的那样不幸。 This dress is twice as expensive as that.这条连衣裙比那条贵一倍。2. as+原级+名词+as(1) as+原级+a+单数名词+asHe is as nice a boy as Peter (is).他和彼得一样都是好男孩。I have never had as tiring a day as today.我从未像今天这样疲惫过。 This is as good an example as the other is.这个例子和另夕卜一5、一样好。【比较】她和她妈妈一样是位好厨师。 She is as good a cook as her mother, (as .as)She is such a good cook as her mother, (such .as)(2) as many+可数名词复数+asYouve made as many mistakes as I have.你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。 She has as many friends as Mary (does).她和玛丽一样有许多朋友。(3) as much +不可数名词+asWe have as much snow this year as last year.我们这里今年下的雪和去 年一样多。She has as much money as I (have).她有和我同样多的钱。(4) as .as+名词as many as+数词+复数名词 多达. as much as+数词+不可数名词多达 as long as+数词+名词 长达 as wide as+数词+名词 宽达as high as+数词+名词 高达as early as+数词+名词 早在as late as+数词+名词 迟至.She has as many as seven sisters.她的姊妹有七人之多。I gave the beggar as much as 1, 000 yen.我给了那乞丐整整一千日元。I have been learning English (for) as long as 15 years.我学英文已有 十五年之久。He came home as late as two in the morning.他迟至清晨两点才回家。The river is as wide as 100 meters.这条河宽达一百米。I mailed the letter as early as Friday.我早在星期五就把信寄了。(5) as .as常用短语as .as possible/one can 尽可育目的/也as .as usual/before 像往常一样as many/much as多达；和一样多as long as只要as soon as 一就as far as 远至ij、同级比较级特殊句式(1) .as+形容词+as+ (同一形容词)+can beHis failure is as plain as plain can be.他的失败是再明白不过了。He is a person as wise as wise can be.他再聪明不过了。He is as handsome as (handsome) can be.他潇洒极了。She is as kind as can be.她极为和颜悦色。Mary is as hardworking as can be.玛丽的用功不输任何人。(2) as+形容词(+名词)+as one canTo speak English fluently, you had better read as many English articles as you can.要想把英文讲得很流利，你最好尽量多看英文文章。We had better learn by heart as many sentence patterns as we can.我们最好尽可能多背句型。Take as much exercise as you can.尽可能多做运动。Be as careful as you can.尽可能小心。(3) 主语+系动词+the same as/similar toThis book is the same as that one.这本书和那本一样。The chairs look similar to those in theoom.那些椅子看起来跟房间里的 椅了相似。形容词的句型二、形容词的超过比较三、形容词的“超过比较1 .比较级+than(1) than句式中必须用比较级People in the country are happier than people in the city.乡下的人们比 城市的人们更快乐。It is colder this year than (it was) last year.今年匕去年冷。Sue is more beautiful than Jane.苏L匕珍更美。The computer is more expensive than the typewriter.ifWMk匕字tTL 贵。【比较】Which is the more useful (metal) , iron or gold?铁和金，哪一个比较有用些？ Iron is the more useful (metal) of the two.铁是两者中比较有用的。(2) 比较级的修饰语a bit, a lot, a great deal, a little, by far, even, far, much, rather, slightly, stilh yet,倍数，分数，百分数以及数词等；The room is a bit larger than that one.这个房间比那个稍大一点,This is a great deal better than that.这个比那个好多了。Theyre a little better now.现在他们稍好一点儿了。Its slightly colder today than it was yesterday.今天比昨天稍冷一点。Today was even colder than yesterday.今天k匕昨天还要冷。Lets go by car.Its much cheaper.咱们开车去。这样便宜得多。He is fat, but his brother is still fatter.他很胖，但他哥哥更胖。China is one-sixth larger than the United States.中国比美国大六分之一。 This restaurant is rather more expensive than that.这家餐J亍比那家贵得 多。There are far more people than we expected.人比我们预计的多得多。 She is by far the better actress.她是个更好的女演员。【提示】rather可以修饰比较级,但fairly不能； very不能修饰比较级，但much和very much可以；by far可以修饰比较级和最高级，前置时要在定冠词之前。2. 、moe .than句式，意为是.而不是.；与其.不如.She is more wise than diligent.与其说她勤勉不如说她聪明。I was more disappointed than discouraged.是失望，而不是泄气。He is more a sprinter than a swimmer.他是短跑健将，而不是游泳选手。I am more frightened than hurt.我吓坏了但没有受伤。3. no+比较级+than句式，对比较的两个对象进行否定no better than=as bad as 与 一样不好no earlier than=as late as 与与一样迟no faster than=as slow as 与 一样不快no taller than=as short as 与 样不高He is no cleverer than he.他与她一样不聪明。Hes no richer than a beggar.他穷如乞丐。He is no taller than me.他同我一样不高。His English is no better than mine.他的英语同我的英语一样不好。You are no more careful than he is.你和他一样不仔细。He is no more generous than John.他和约翰一样不大方。【比较】I have no more than ten dollars.我只有 10 块钱。(no more than 仅 仅)(2)1 have not more than ten dollars.我最多也不过 10 块钱。(not more than不超过)、the+比较级，the+比较级句式，意为 越就越。The older we grow, the poorer our memory will become.年龄越大，记 忆力越差。The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你愈小心，你犯错就会愈少。The more I learn, the less I feel I know.学而后知不足。The better the boy (is) , the more I like him.这男孩愈好，我愈喜欢他。 The colder the weather (is), the more comfortable my life (will be). 天气愈冷，我的生活就愈舒服。The more haste, the less speed欲速贝ij不达。More profit and less honor.舍名逐利。The sooner, the better.事不宜迟。The more you have, the more you want.拥有愈多，欲望愈高。The more you beat iron, the harder it grows.铁不炼不成钢，玉不琢不成 器。4. 比较级+and+比较级句式，表示越来越.(1) -er比较级+and+-er比较级She is growing fatter and fatter.她越来越胖了。Things are getting better and better every day.情况一天天好起来。The days are getting longer and longer.白天越来越长了。（2） more+and+more+原级Its becoming more and more difficult to find a job.找工作越来越困难了。 English is becoming more and more important.英语越来越重要了。One reason is that the tickets are more and more expensive.原因之一 是票价越来越高。6 .特殊超过句式be senior to比年龄大（类似于be older than）be junior to 比年轻（类似于 be younger than）be superior to 比优秀（类似于 be better than）be inferior to 比差（类似于 be worse than）I am five years senior to Jane.我比简大五岁。Jane is five years junior to me.简比我小五岁。This computer is superior to the one you bought.这台电脑比你买的要好。 This photo is inferior to that one.这张照片比那张差。形容词的句型三：最高级的用法一、最高级的用法1 .三者或三者以上的比较：通常含有in, of介词短语或定语从句表示范围 Autumn is the best season in Beijing.秋天是北京最好的季节。She is the most intelligent girl in the whole school.她是全校最有才华的 女生。John is the cleverest of all the boys.约翰是所有男孩中最聪明的。This is the best film that Ive ever seen.这是我所看过的最好的电影。He was the greatest musician that ever lived.他是世上最伟大的音乐家。【提示】形容词最高级前要加定冠词the,用不定冠词时，表示、非常。Its a most useful book,它是一本非常有用的书。2.one of+the+最高级+复数名词”句式，表示最.之一This is one of the best televisions on the market.这是目前销售的最好的 电视机之一。That was one of the strangest incidents in my life.那是我一生中所遇到的最奇特的事件之一。Friendship is one of the greatest pleasures that we can enjoy.友谊是最大的乐趣之一，我们可以尽情享受。She is one of the most beautiful girls in our school.她是我们学校最漂亮 的女孩之一。【提示】among相当于one of。Rome is among the greatest cities in the world.罗马是世界上最伟大的城 市之一。Rome is one of the greatest cities in the world.3.序数词+最高级句式，表示第几最.Canada is the second largest country in the world.加拿大是世界上第二 大的国家。The Yellow River is the second largest river in China.黄河是中国的第二 大河流。Tourism has become the third largest industry in the country.旅游业己成为该国的第三大产业。4 .形容词最高级的修饰语almost, by far, by no means, much, nearly, quite, really,序数词， 形容词性物主代词，名词所有格。This tree is almost/nearly the tallest one.这棵树几乎是最高的。This article is much the best.这篇文章是最好的。The TV tower is by far the largest construction of our city.电视塔目前 是我市最大的建筑。This is the third largest building in this city.这是这个城市里第三大的建筑 物。This is my busiest day.这是我最忙的一天。The Yangtze River is Chinas longest river.长江是中国最长的河流。形容词的句型四、最高级的表达形式二、最高级的表达形式1 .比较级4-than+any (other) +单数可数名词The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.长江比中国其他任何一条河流都长。Bamboo probably has more uses than any other plant in the world. 竹子的用途比世界上任何一种植物都多。2.比较级+than+any of the othe+ 复数名词The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国其他任何一条河流都长。Bamboo probably has more uses than any of the other plants in the world.竹子的用途比世界上任何一种植物都多。【比较】China is larger than any other country in Asia.(范围一致) China is larger than any country in Africa.(范围不一致).否定词+比较级Ive never heard a better voice than you.我从未听到过比你更好的嗓音。It is not a worse idea.S是再糟糕不过的一个办法了。I have never heard a more interesting story.我从来没有听过比这更有趣 的故事了。3 .否定词so +原级+asNo person suffered so much as she.没有一个人像她一样遭受那么多的苦 难。None is so blind as those that wont see.不愿正视事实的人才是真正的瞎 子。Nothing is so easy as this.没有比这更容易的事情了。4 .否定词+比较级+ (than)No other book has had a greater influence on my life.任何其他书籍对我一生的影响都不如这本书大。Never have I read a more interesting book than this one.我从未读过k匕 这更有趣的书。Nothing is more detestable than the man who courts popularity. 再没有比沽名钓誉的人更令人厌恶了。形容词的最高级三、形容词最高级短语at first 起初at (the) latest 最迟at least 至少at ones best全盛时期at (the) longest 最久不过first of all 首先get/have the best of 击败要的make the most/best of 充分利用:形容词最高级短语at last最后at (the) most最多不过at best充其量不过at (the) worst最坏也不过do/try ones best 尽力for the most part多半，大部分last but not least最后但并不是最不重not in the least 丝毫也不